Protoraphis Simonsen,a newly recorded marine epizoic diatom genus for China

Epizoic diatoms on marine copepods are common in nature and may have a special ecological relationship with their hosts.However,this special ecological group is not well known,and it has only rarely been studied in the China seas.To address this knowledge gap,the species diversity and classification of epizoic diatoms on planktonic copepods were studied with samples collected from the East China Sea.In the present study,a marine araphid diatom genus Protoraphis and its type species,Pr.hustedtiana,were observed and identified by light and electron microscopy,thus representing the first record of this genus and its type species in China.This genus is characterized by a median sternum strongly bent to opposite sides and terminate in two transapical grooves at the valve ends.Protoraphis hustedtiana was found to be epizoic on the posterior body appendages and segments of the marine calanoid copepod Candacia bradyi.An internal view shows a complex,ear-shaped process that is close to the apical slit field.The ecological habitats and geographical distributions of Protoraphis were also discussed,and,together with complementary morphological studies,our results have increased the number of records for marine epizoic diatoms to three genera with three species in China,including Pseudohimantidium and Pseudofalcula.     

单位四元数、罗德里格转换模型与欧拉角的映射关系

在大角度姿态运动场景中,运动状态通常采用单位四元数或罗德里格转换模型,但转换参数并不具有直观性和几何意义,因此研究单位四元数、罗德里格转换模型与欧拉角的映射关系十分必要。然而,单位四元数、罗德里格参数与欧拉角相互之间并不存在一一对应的关系。结合三种转换模型的特点及欧拉角、罗德里格参数存在奇异问题,本文对可能出现的情况进行推导分析,建立各模型间转换参数的映射关系,实现单位四元数、罗德里格转换模型与欧拉角大角度范围的转换。     

Environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in the offshore zones of the Baltic and the North Seas

Micronuclei (MN), nuclear buds (NB) and fragmented-apoptotic cells (FA) were analyzed in mature peripheral blood and immature cephalic kidney erythrocytes of flounder (Platichthys flesus), dab (Limanda limanda) and cod (Gadus morhua) from 12 offshore sites in the Baltic Sea (479 specimens) and 11 sites in the North Sea (291 specimens), which were collected during three research vessel cruises in December 2002, 2003 and in September 2004. The highest levels of environmental genotoxicity (frequencies of MN up to 0.5‰, NB – up to 0.75‰) and cytotoxicity (FA – up to 0.53‰) were observed in flatfishes from areas close to oil and gas platforms in the North Sea and in zones related to the extensive shipping and potentially influenced by contamination from large European Rivers (Elbe, Vistula, Oder). In dab from the offshore zones of the North Sea, the levels of nuclear abnormalities were higher as compared to those in dab from the Baltic Sea. Responses in immature kidney erythrocytes were higher than in mature erythrocytes from peripheral blood. MN frequency lower than 0.05‰ (the Baltic Sea) and lower than 0.1‰ (the North Sea) could be suspected as a reference level in the peripheral blood erythrocytes of flatfish.     

江西银山铜多金属矿床矿石特征研究及成因意义

江西银山矿床是一个大型的铜多金属矿床。通过对野外地质调查及结合室内显微镜鉴定,利用扫描电镜和X射线能谱分析技术对矿石矿物组分及赋存状态进行了深入研究。在银山矿床新发现铋铬合金、锌铜(镍)合金、自然镍3种罕见矿物。能谱分析显示铋铬合金中铬质量百分含量普遍在8%~10%之间。锌铜(镍)合金中Cu质量分数53.93%~65.85%,Zn质量分数30.67%~41.03%,部分合金含镍。自然镍中Ni质量分数高达96.19%。此外,在银山矿床中发现了与次火山热液有关的碲银矿矿物和地下水热液有关的银金矿,能谱分析显示碲银矿中Ag质量分数约36%~42%,银金矿中Au质量分数约为67.96%~81.45%,银金矿主要以裂隙充填式赋存于碲银矿裂隙内。结合本次在银山矿床矿石样品中新发现了黄铁矿的显微霉群构造,认为银山矿床成矿后期可能有地下水热液的参与。综上,根据银山矿床中矿石矿物共生组合特征,划分出该矿床成矿过程经历了3个成矿期和3个成矿阶段,重新厘定银山矿床可能经历了岩浆期成矿作用。岩浆热液期中的中低温热液阶段是期主要成矿期,矿床成因类型为次火山热液矿床。     

模拟退火法在反演地震断层参数中的运用

在地震断层参数的反演中,选取合适的反演方法,对于反演的结果具有至关重要的意义,模拟退火法是一种非线性的反演方法,为了验证此方法在地震断层反演中的准确性,以2004年的仲巴6．7级地震为研究对象,采用模拟退火的方法,通过调用Rongjiang Wang的Okada程序,对用四叉数方法处理过的INSAR地震数据进行反演,从而得到该次地震的断层参数。     

桂西北典型峰丛洼地降雨过程中地表水溶解性碳和δ^13CDIC变化特征

文中研究了中国科学院环江喀斯特农业生态系统观测站内的地表水（地表径流和溪流）中溶解性有机碳（DOC）和溶解性无机碳（DIC）及其同位素组成在两次降雨事件中的连续变化特征。在两次降雨中DOC和DIC输移量分别为107．1和812．5kg,分别约为无降雨条件下相同时间内IX）C和DIC输移量的64和8倍。降雨时洼地溪流下游...     

A computational platform to assess liquefaction-induced loss at critical infrastructures scale

In the framework of the multi-disciplinary LIQUEFACT project, funded under the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 program, the LIQUEFACT Reference Guide software has been developed, incorporating both data and methodologies collected and elaborated in the project’s various work packages. Specifically, this refers to liquefaction hazard maps, methodologies and results of liquefaction vulnerability analysis for both building typologies and critical infrastructures, liquefaction mitigation measures as well as cost-benefit considerations. The software is targeting a wider range of user groups with different levels of technical background as well as requirements (urban planners, facility managers, structural and geotechnical engineers, or risk modelers). In doing so, the LIQUEFACT software shall allow the user assessing the liquefaction-related risk as well as assisting them in liquefaction mitigation planning. Dependent on the user’s requirements, the LIQUEFACT software can be used to separately conduct the liquefaction hazard analysis, the risk analysis, and the mitigation analysis. At the stage of liquefaction hazard, the users can geo-locate their assets (buildings or infrastructures) against the pre-defined macrozonation and microzonation maps in the software and identify those assets/sites that are potentially susceptible to an earthquake-induced liquefaction damage hazard. For potentially susceptible sites the user is able to commission a detailed ground investigation (e.g. CPT, SPT or V_S30 profile) and this data can be used by the software to customise the level of susceptibility to specific site conditions. The users can either use inbuilt earthquake scenarios or enter their own earthquake scenario data. In the Risk Analysis, the user can estimate the level of impact of the potential liquefaction threat on the asset and evaluate the performance. For the Mitigation Analysis, the user can develop a customized mitigation framework based on the outcome of the risk and cost-benefit analysis.

     

蒙古高原东南缘现代灌丛沙丘的发育过程 及其对沙漠化的指示意义

在蒙古高原东南缘,灌丛沙丘是主要的风沙地貌类型,也是与风蚀和沙漠化密切相关的风沙堆积,一般在土地开垦后大规模发育,因而记录了区域沙漠化的发展过程。本文对发育在这一地区的灌丛沙丘沉积物地球化学元素的变化进行了详细的解析,结果表明,沙丘沉积物的 Zr/Rb 比值良好地记录了区域风沙活动的演变情况: 当沙丘高度发育至10~30cm,39~59cm,67~77cm,95~105cm,118~130cm和138~140cm时,区域处于风沙活动的活跃期; 沙丘高度发育至78~94cm时,区域处于近80年以来风沙活动的低谷期。结合区域土地开垦史、现代器测气象资料、风沙活动与沙漠化等情况,可以确定,自20世纪30年代以来,蒙古高原东南缘经历了30年代末期至50年代初期沙漠化的初步发展时期,50年代后期至80年代中后期、90年代中后期和本世纪初的沙漠化快速发展时期,以及80年代末期至90年代中前期的沙漠化逆转期。鉴于无航测资料时期沙漠化正逆过程演变研究的缺失,这一区域所发育的灌丛沙丘是延长区域环境变化记录特别是沙漠化演变研究的良好载体。