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61.
62.
Zusammenfassung Bei dem Versuch, die Kristallstruktur von Bonchevit zu bestimmen, stellte sich heraus, daß dieses Mineral—bis dahin PbBi4S7—aus zwei Phasen besteht. Der Hauptanteil wurde eindeutig als Galenobismutit identifiziert. Der Rest wies nach den Gitterkonstanten (a0=13,58±0,02 Å, b0=20,51±0,07 Å, c0=4,09±0,07 Å) auf ein bisher unbekanntes Mineral hin. Die Raumgruppe ist Bbmm. Ein indiziertes Pulverdiagramm und die dazugehörigen d-Werte werden angegeben.Die Emissionsspektralanalyse zeigt Pb und Bi als Hauptkomponenten, Cu und Ag als Nebenkomponenten und Spuren von Zn und Sn. Die Strukturanalyse führte zu der Formel Me5S6, wobei die Me-Atome etwa gleich schwer sind, so daß als chemischo Formel nur Pb3Bi2S6 mit Z=4 in Frage kommt.Strukturell gehört das Mineral in die Gruppe Andorit-Ramdohrit-Fizelyit. Die Verwandtschaft bzw. Identität des Minerals mit anderen Mineralen und synthetischen Verbindungen wird diskutiert.
Mineralogical data on a sulphosalt from the Rhodope mountains, Bulgaria
Summary During an attempt to determine the crystal structure of bonchevite, this mineral was found to consist of two phases. Previously it was thought to have the composition PbBi4S7. The main constituent could unambiguously be identified as galenobismutite. For the rest the lattice constants (a0=13.58±0,02 Å, b0=20.51±0,07 Å, c0=4.09±0.07 Å), indicated a new mineral. Space group is Bbmm. An indexed powder diagram (with d-values) is given.The emission spectrographic analysis shows Pb and Bi to be main components, Cu and Ag to be minor components, and traces only of Zn and Sn. The structure analysis has led to the formula Me5S6, with Me-atoms of approximately the same atomic number; therefore, the chemical formula has to be Pb3Bi2S6, with Z=4.In a structural classification the mineral belongs to the andoriteramdohrite-fizelyite-group. The relationships to or the identity with other minerals and synthetic compounds are discussed.相似文献
63.
The distribution of controlling pressure formations, occurring in the Northern Hemisphere during the winters (January and February) of the years 1952 – 1996, has been analysed. It was found that the deepening of the Icelandic and Aleutian pressure lows is connected not only with a particular QBO phase and level of geomagnetic activity (Bochníek et al., 1999) but also with a particular level of solar activity. 相似文献
64.
Approximate spectral analysis by least-squares fit 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Petr Vaníček 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1969,4(4):387-391
An approximate method of spectral analysis called successive spectral analysis based upon the mean-quadratic approximation of an empirical function by generalised trigonometric polynomial with both unknown frequencies and coefficients is developed. A few quotations describing some properties of the method as well as one of the possible methods for numerical solution are given. 相似文献
65.
Huth Radan Mládek Richard Metelka Ladislav Sedlák Pavel Huthová Zuzana Kliegrová Stanislava Kyselý Jan Pokorná Lucie Halenka Tomáš Janoušek Martin 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2003,47(4):863-873
This note summarizes results of the first integration of regional numerical weather prediction model ALADIN in a climate mode. The ALADIN model, developed in an international cooperation led by Météo France, is operationally used for weather prediction. The grid step of the model is 12 km; the integration domain covers a major part of Europe. A one-month-long run has been performed with this model on observed boundary conditions (represented by assimilations by the global model ARPEGE). It is demonstrated that no excessive error is generated and accumulated in the model during the integration; hence the model is integrable for extended time periods and may serve a basis for a development towards a regional climate model. 相似文献
66.
J. Klokočník Ch. Reigber P. Schwintzer C. A. Wagner J. Kostelecký 《Journal of Geodesy》2002,76(4):189-198
The new GFZ/GRGS gravity field models GRIM5-S1 and GRIM5-C1, currently used as initial models for the CHAMP mission, have
been compared with other recent models (JGM 3, EGM 96) for radial orbit accuracy (by means of latitude lumped coefficients)
in computations on altimetry satellite orbits. The bases for accuracy judgements are multi-year averages of crossover sea
height differences from Geosat and ERS 1/2 missions. This radially sensitive data is fully independent of the data used to
develop these gravity models. There is good agreement between the observed differences in all of the world's oceans and projections
of the same errors from the scaled covariance matrix of their harmonic geopotential coefficients. It was found that the tentative
scale factor of five for the formal standard deviations of the harmonic coefficients of the new GRIM fields is justified,
i.e. the accuracy estimates, provided together with the GRIM geopotential coefficients, are realistic.
Received: 20 February 2001 / Accepted: 24 October 2001 相似文献
67.
68.
Local flash flood storms with a rapid hydrological response are a real challenge for quantitative precipitation forecasting (QPF). It is relevant to assess space domains, to which the QPF approaches are applicable. In this paper an attempt is made to evaluate the forecasting capability of a high-resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) model by means of area-related QPF verification. The results presented concern two local convective events, which occurred in the Czech Republic (CR) on 13 and 15 July 2002 and caused local flash floods. We used the LM COSMO model (Lokall Model of the COSMO consortium) adapted to the horizontal resolution of 2.8 km over a model domain covering the CR. The 18 h forecast of convective precipitation was verified by using radar rainfall totals adjusted to the measured rain gauge data. The grid point-related root mean square error (RMSE) value was calculated over a square around the grid point under the assumption that rainfall values were randomly distributed within the square. The forecast accuracy was characterized by the mean RMSE over the whole verification domain. We attempt to show a dependence of both the RMSE field and the mean RMSE on the square size. The importance of a suitable merger between the radar and rain gauge datasets is demonstrated by a comparison between the verification results obtained with and without the gauge adjustment. The application of verification procedure demonstrates uncertainties in the precipitation forecasts. The model was integrated with initial conditions shifted by 0.5° distances. The four verifications, corresponding to the shifts in the four directions, show differences in the resulting QPF, which depend on the size of verification area and on the direction of the shift. 相似文献
69.
Electromagnetic induction of a three-dimensional conductivity inhomogeneity in the two-layered earth
Summary The calculation of the elements of Green's tensor function is presented for solving the problem of the electromagnetic induction by means of a vector integral equation. A two-layered Earth is considered as the medium, the surface layer including a three-dimensional conductivity inhomogeneity. Use is made of the boundary condition requiring the vertical component of the electric current to be zero at the Earth's surface which partly simplifies the theoretical computation. Long-period asymptotics of the individual complicated functions, occurring in Green's tensor function as well as in the tensor function required to calculate the components of the anomalous magnetic field at the surface of the halfspace, were effected. With the aid of these asymptotics one can obtain estimates of the functions occurring in the theoretical analysis of the problem. 相似文献
70.
Deformation properties of the lithosphere derived from data on recent crustal movements of the earth
aamuam a¶rt;aa ¶rt;uu ¶rt; m u¶rt;mu, uau n¶rt; uu mua ¶rt;uu a uau u . a auu au mmuu mam ¶rt;au mua ¶rt;uu ¶rt;am m am ¶rt; ¶rt;au ma um. 相似文献