A location-aware GIServices quality prediction model via collaborative filtering

The quality of GIServices (QoGIS) is an important consideration for services sharing and interoperation. However, QoGIS is a complex concept and difficult to be evaluated reasonably. Most of the current studies have focused on static and non-scalable evaluation methods but have ignored location sensitivity subsequently resulting in the inaccurate QoGIS values. For intensive geodata and computation, GIServices are more sensitive to the location factor than general services. This paper proposes a location-aware GIServices quality prediction model via collaborative filtering (LAGCF). The model uses a mixed CF method based on time zone feature from the perspectives of both user and GIServices. Time zone is taken as the location factor and mapped into the prediction process. A time zone-adjusted Pearson correlation coefficient algorithm was designed to measure the similarity between the GIServices and the target, helping to identify highly similar GIServices. By adopting a coefficient of confidence in the final generation phase, the value of the QoGIS most similar to the target services will play a dominant role in the comprehensive result. Two series of experiments on large-scale QoGIS data were implemented to verify the effectivity of LAGCF. The results showed that LAGCF can improve the accuracy of QoGIS prediction significantly.     

Mapping hourly dynamics of urban population using trajectories reconstructed from mobile phone records

Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban population is crucial for addressing a wide range of urban planning and management issues. Aggregated geospatial big data have been widely used to quantitatively estimate population distribution at fine spatial scales over a given time period. However, it is still a challenge to estimate population density at a fine temporal resolution over a large geographical space, mainly due to the temporal asynchrony of population movement and the challenges to acquiring a complete individual movement record. In this article, we propose a method to estimate hourly population density by examining the time‐series individual trajectories, which were reconstructed from call detail records using BP neural networks. We first used BP neural networks to predict the positions of mobile phone users at an hourly interval and then estimated the hourly population density using log‐linear regression at the cell tower level. The estimated population density is linearly correlated with population census data at the sub‐district level. Trajectory clustering results show five distinct diurnal dynamic patterns of population movement in the study area, revealing spatially explicit characteristics of the diurnal commuting flows, though the driving forces of the flows need further investigation.     

基于SOA的矿政一张图管理系统设计与实现

为解决当前矿政管理面临的核心数据掌控不足、信息获取手段不强、数据共享困难等问题,全面提升矿产资源开发监管水平,本文以矿业权数据库为核心,以矿政管理专业数据库为基础,集成接入矿山视频、产量数据和地下矿山三维模型数据,实现对矿山开采活动的一张图监管。     

基于图形数据库NEO4J的政务空间信息融合研究

随着信息化测绘时代的快速发展,整个社会产生了大量的信息资源.从数据规模角度来说,政府拥有国内最为庞大的数据储量,掌握着大量的、权威的、关键的数据资源,是大数据时代的"财富"拥有者.整合图形数据库NEO4J自带的融合检索服务引擎,分析、整理、融合、统计这些数据,建立索引,提取有用信息,提供友好的查询服务界面,是在大数据时代背景下值得思考的问题.     

外缺圆圆心检测

圆心检测中,圆的边缘缺损会影响圆心检测的精度。霍夫圆圆心检测具有良好的稳定性,但是精度稍低;最小二乘圆拟合,具有较高的精度,但是易受噪声点的干扰。针对这种情况,本文提出了一种基于霍夫圆的亚像素缺损圆圆心检测方法。先利用霍夫圆检测出粗略圆心坐标及半径,再利用轮廓检测技术提取出所有轮廓点的坐标,并根据霍夫圆检测出圆心及半径对轮廓坐标进行筛选,保留在圆上的轮廓坐标,并利用这些轮廓点坐标进行最小二乘圆拟合求出圆心。实验结果表明,该方法适用性较广,简单可靠,精度高。     

尼泊尔低喜马拉雅推覆带油源对比及油气成藏

尼泊尔低喜马拉雅推覆带油气苗来源不清极大地影响了该区油气勘探.在地质-地球物理综合调查的基础上,利用油气地球化学、碳同位素及生烃史模拟对尼泊尔代莱克地区油源和成藏过程进行了研究.结果表明:①尼泊尔代莱克地区油苗产于Padukasthan断裂,可分两期,第一期呈含油断层泥产出,氯仿沥青"A"为149～231 μg/g,RR.为0.81％,氯仿沥青"A"的δ13C相对较重(-26.24‰～-27.10‰),族组分具有正碳同位素序列,发黄绿色荧光,为典型的低熟煤成油,第二期呈液态油产出并遭受微生物降解,金刚烷IMD指数为0.33～0.45,R.为1.24％～1.53％,3,4-DMD含量46％～47％,全油δ13C为-29.50‰～-29.45‰,族组分碳同位素趋于一致,发蓝色荧光,为海相成因高熟油;②第一期油来源于Surkhet群的Melpani组和Gondwana群煤系烃源岩,为Ⅲ型有机质低熟阶段的产物,第二期来源于Surkhet群的Swat组浅海陆棚相黑色页岩,为Ⅱ1型有机质生油高峰的产物,两期油与Lakharpata群过成熟黑色泥岩和Siwalik群未熟泥岩没有亲缘关系;③尼泊尔低喜马拉雅推覆带具有"多源多期、推覆增熟、砂体控储、披覆控聚"的油气成藏模式,油气成藏过程可划分为沉积浅埋、构造圈闭形成、深埋油藏形成、气藏形成和晚期改造定型5个演化阶段;④尼泊尔低喜马拉雅推覆有利于Gondwana群、Surkhet群深埋增温、持续快速生烃和晚期成藏,对比邻区巴基斯坦的含油气盆地,尼泊尔低喜马拉雅推覆带及相邻类似地区具备良好的油气成藏条件.     

扬子地区震旦纪—寒武纪转折期大陆风化研究进展与展望

通过调研扬子地区震旦纪（埃迪卡拉纪）—寒武纪（E—C）转折期大陆风化、海洋环境和有机质富集特征研究。结果显示,扬子地区E—C转折期遭受了较强烈的化学风化作用,且在这一时期区内兼具浅水碳酸盐台地和深水盆地环境。在台地相区,下寒武统牛蹄塘组黑色岩系不整合接触于震旦系灯影组白云岩之上,该不整合与E—C转折期全球“大不整合”具有紧密的关系,盆地区发育的完整的沉积地层记录了台地区被风化地层的痕迹。现有大陆风化的地球化学证据集中于n(87Sr)/ n(86Sr)、δ13C、CIA和e??Nd(t)等,同时这些地球化学数据也局限在少数的剖面和层段,因此迫切需要更多的地球化学参数来反映该风化作用的影响范围和演化特征。准确认识扬子地区E—C转折期大陆风化作用与海洋环境演变间的耦合关系,是揭示古生物演化、有机质富集机制的重要环节。     

Arching effect and displacement on theoretical estimation for lateral force acting on retaining wall

Natural Hazards - A new approach is proposed to evaluate the non-limit active earth pressure in c–φ soil based on the horizontal slices method and limit equilibrium method, which takes...     

多年冻土退化下碳、氮和污染物循环研究进展

多年冻土储存了大量的有机碳、氮素以及持久性有机污染物和汞等污染物.全球变暖背景下,目前全球大部分的多年冻土都处于退化状态.多年冻土区土壤温度升高、多年冻土层解冻后,土壤温度水分会发生变化,从而改变微生物的生长代谢过程,进而改变多年冻土区的物质循环.通过综述多年冻土区的碳、氮及污染物的储量及其在多年冻土退化下的迁移转化及输出特征,研究发现:多年冻土退化增加活动层厚度、形成热喀斯特地貌,一方面导致碳基和氮基温室气体快速释放到大气中,另一方面也向水生系统中输出溶解性碳氮组分及可溶性污染物,这些过程会导致多年冻土由碳、氮和污染物储存的"汇"转变为"源",并最终影响全球生物地球化学循环.明确多年冻土区碳、氮和污染物的生物地球化学循环过程对于全面理解气候变化对自然和人类社会系统的影响具有重要作用.未来研究中,还需要结合多学科技术手段,开展多年冻土退化过程、水文过程与生物化学循环过程的系统集成研究,此外,还需加强汞、POPs等污染物的二次释放过程与碳氮循环的耦合关系研究,定量多年冻土中污染物二次释放的环境效应,以深刻认识多年冻土中物质循环过程并为气候和环境变化提供预测依据.     

积雪变化对中国森林凋落物分解影响研究进展

森林凋落物的分解对于维持生态系统物质循环和养分平衡具有重要意义,并受到不同积雪厚度下冻融格局的影响。冻融期（包括冻结过程期、完全冻结期、融化过程期）是冻土区凋落物分解的重要时期,该时期分解的凋落物量约占全年分解总量的一半。积雪减少通常会导致土壤温度降低、冻融循环次数增加,进而影响凋落物分解。通过综述近10年来积雪变化对我国森林凋落物分解影响的研究成果发现,积雪厚度减少在冻融期通常会抑制凋落物质量损失、碳元素释放和纤维素降解,生长季则起到促进作用,从全年来看多数表现为抑制作用。因此,冻融作用造成凋落物的物理破坏,对其分解的促进作用主要发生在后续生长季。积雪厚度减少在冻融期通常抑制氮元素释放,生长季和全年则无明显规律;磷元素和木质素目前研究还存在很大差异。最后,进一步阐述了积雪变化对凋落物分解影响研究存在的问题及未来研究发展方向。