TDC502时间测量在绝对重力仪中的应用

阐述了绝对重力仪对自由落体下落距离和相对应的时间测量的原理和方法,利用高精度时间测量芯片TDC502提高绝对重力仪的时间测量精度,并结合FPGA的大规模数字集成设计,提高了重力仪系统的测量精度。     

MATLAB在数字地震观测报告编制中的应用

数字地震观测报告是计算视应力等重要参数的基础性资料。JOPENS数据服务可提供地震目录,为使用ESSA软件计算视应力等参数提供了前提,但ESSA与JOPENS数据服务没有程序接口,需要从JOPENS数据服务网站手工下载地震目录并按需求人工筛选数据编制成数字地震观测报告。针对手工编制数字地震观测报告效率低且容易出错的问题,利用MATLAB开发出一套程序,对数字地震观测报告的编制实现了自动化处理,大大提高了工作效率,降低了出错率,能够更好地为地震分析预报工作提供数据服务。     

SLR应用展望——伽利略计划和非合作目标跟踪

随着SLR精度的提高和数据量的增大,SLR现已广泛应用于大地测量和相关科学中。论述了SLR在非合作目标的跟踪等新领域中的应用及SLR在伽利略计划中的作用,并展望了SLR技术的发展方向。     

Isotopic and hydrochemical insights into the groundwater characteristics along an arid to semi-humid climate gradient in China

In arid to semi-arid regions, groundwater is a critical water resource heavily relied upon, with the recharge sources and patterns being predominantly shaped by climate change and regional disparities. To compare the characteristics of groundwater in the endorheic and exorheic river basins with the climate transition zone of Gansu Province, this study uses isotopic hydrochemical analyses. This study summarizes the differences in regional groundwater recharge and evolutionary patterns. The results shows that the distribution patterns of precipitation isotopes in endorheic and exorheic river basins are opposite to those of groundwater isotopes. Specifically, the precipitation in the endorheic areas is more depleted in heavy isotopes, whereas the groundwater is more enriched. Both endorheic areas and exorheic areas exhibit similar characteristics of groundwater hydrochemical evolution, evolving from low-mineralization Mg²⁺ HC ${\mathrm{O}}_3^{-}$ recharge water to Na⁺ Cl⁻ type water with saline characteristics. The former is primarily replenished by surface water, whereas the latter is primarily replenished by precipitation. Variations in recharge patterns along with the differences in climatic conditions lead to distinct groundwater conditions in the two regions.     

多种单多普勒雷达风场反演方法对比试验

采用典型风场资料对 4种单多普勒天气雷达风场反演方法进行了对比试验 ,这4种方法是 VAP方法 ,涡度 -散度法 ,简单伴随函数方法 ,动力方程组求解方法。试验结果表明 ,不同风场应采用不同反演方法。     

济宁颜店铁矿地质特征及济宁岩群含矿性研究

伏于济宁滋阳山一带千米盖层之下的古元古代济宁岩群是一套低绿片岩相变质含铁岩系,主要岩石组合为千枚岩、板岩、磁铁石英岩等,其原岩为海相含灰质泥岩、砂岩类中酸性火山岩、硅铁岩等,该套岩系最大控制厚度达580 m.其中赋存的条带状磁铁石英岩呈层状、似层状埋深在1 612.89～1 796.54 m之间,共有5层铁矿,总厚度85.53 m.估算预测的铁矿资源量(334)9.76亿t,mFe平均品位22.37%;低品位矿体预测的资源量(334)2.64亿t,mFe平均品位16.99%.     

LEO卫星轨道根数型星历参数与接口设计

低轨卫星是导航增强系统发展的新兴力量,具有独特优势。广播星历参数是其实现星基增强的重要指标。中轨GPS星历采用16/18参数模型,若直接用于LEO的星历参数拟合,卫星沿迹方向的位置分量拟合误差大,且对小偏心率近圆轨道有潜在的拟合法矩阵病态问题。基于第一类无奇点根数,通过增加或修改轨道沿迹向和径向摄动参数,设计了适用于近圆低轨卫星的16～19参数的5种星历模型。基于300～1500 km高度LEO的拟合试验表明:提出的16/17/18/18~*/19参数星历,URE最大值分别优于10/6/4/5/2.5 cm。最后,根据拟合参数的变化范围,对5个星历模型进行了接口设计。在数据截断对URE的影响为毫米量级要求下,总比特位分别为329/343/376/379/396,其中16/17参数星历模型比GPS16参数模型减少了29/15个,18/18~*/19参数星历模型比GPS18参数星历模型减少了64/61/41个。     

现行黄河口滨海区冲淤时空演变及其影响因素

自黄河入海流路人工改道清 8 汊后,受自然因素变化和人类活动干预影响,入海水沙出现新的情势,河口滨海区水下地形也发生相应调整。本文基于 1997—2018 年实测水深断面资料,建立水下地形数字高程模型 （DEM）,综合研究了黄河 口滨海区冲淤的时空演变及其影响因素。结果表明,1997—2018 年黄河口滨海区整体呈淤积状态,累积淤积量为 5.36 * 108 m3。从时间上来看,水下地形演变经历 3 个阶段：缓慢冲刷 （1997—2002 年）、快速淤积 （2002—2007 年）、缓慢淤积 （2007— 2018 年）。从空间上来看,现行河口区呈淤积状态,而孤东近岸和老河口区呈冲刷状态。在水下地形不同的发展阶段,维持冲淤平衡的临界输沙量也有所不同,调水调沙之前为 1.65*108t/a,调水调沙以来为 1.09* 108t/a。来水来沙对河口滨海区的冲淤演变起着主导作用,2016—2017 年调水调沙中断,河口滨海区大面积冲刷。2018 年防洪调度的实施使水下地形迅速淤积。黄河口滨海区演变除了受来水来沙的直接影响,还受泥沙粒径和口门位置的影响。     

多普勒雷达反射率与径向风资料在数值模式中的应用试验

利用CAPS (Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storm)研发的ARPS (The Advanced Regional Prediction System)模式及数据处理系统ADAS (ARRS Data Analysis System)和3DVar (3-D Variation)系统分别同化多普勒雷达反射率与径向风资料,分析二者在改进模式初始场和预报效果中的作用.通过模拟2003年7月安徽省一次强降水过程,得到如下结论:径向风资料调整初始风场,在积分进行后,对水汽场也有所调整;反射率资料调整初始水汽场,积分开始后,对风场也有调整,其中后者较显著.从预报的3小时降水来看,两个同化试验得到的落区位置与实况都有出入,反射率同化试验得到的预报面积比实况偏大,但二者都比非同化试验效果好.     

Species diversity and distribution for phytoplankton of the Pearl River estuary during rainy and dry seasons

Based on data collected at 31 stations and 1 continuous station in the Pearl River estuary during cruises of July 1999 (rainy season) and January 2001 (dry season), this study examined taxonomic composition, abundance, and spatial distribution of phytoplankton. Results indicated 130 species of phytoplankton in the samples from the rainy season, and 132 species in the dry season. Among them, in the rainy season, 82 species of diatom, 39 fresh-water and half-fresh-water species and 41 species of red tide organisms were found. Within these, there were 54 tropical and sub-tropical species, 47 cosmopolitan species and 17 temperate species. The abundance of phytoplankton in the rainy season was higher than that of the dry season, with an average of 6.3 x 10(5) cells x L(-1) and 1.4 x 10(5) cells x L(-1), respectively. Diversity index (H') and evenness (J) were 2.47 and 0.57 in the rainy season, and 2.01 and 0.54 in the dry season. The dominant phytoplankton species in the rainy season was Skeletonema costatum with an average of 2.8 x 10(5) cells x L(-1) and 45.0% of the total phytoplankton abundance. In the dry season, Eucampia zoodiacus became the key dominant species (5.9 x 10(4) cells x L(-1)) when it was 43.47% of the total phytoplankton abundance. Distribution of the dominant species varied with salinity of sea-water, and their amounts correlated negatively with nutrients and zooplankton.