新型火箭与"37"高炮在人工影响天气应用中的对比

将2种人工影响天气作业工具的主要性能、技术参数加以对比,根据天气状况结合山西省工作实际情况,合理使用人工影响天气作业装备,实行科学化作业,使现有人工影响天气作业工具发挥最佳效能,提高人工影响天气作业效益。     

川滇黔矿集区天宝山铅锌矿床硫化物原位硫同位素特征

川滇黔铅锌矿集区是中国最重要的铅锌矿产地之一,文章以该矿集区内四川天宝山大型铅锌矿床为例,开展了LA-MC-ICP-MS硫化物原位硫同位素与LA-ICP-MS闪锌矿原位微量元素分析,为认识该类矿床硫源和矿床成因提供地质地球化学依据.微量元素数据计算所得成矿温度在130～170℃之间,是典型MVT型矿床的成矿温度.LA-...     

地表岩石变形引起热红外辐射的实验研究

对地表常见的 5种岩石样品和应力变温特性进行了详细研究。实验结果与理论分析表明 ,岩石弹性变形的压力温度关系均表现为加压升温 ,减压降温 ,同经典热力学理论完全一致。在常温常压的地表环境下 ,开放观测系统记录到的岩石材料弹性变形所引起的最高温升在 0 .2K左右 ,升温率一般在 3mK/MPa左右。破裂或摩擦瞬间岩石有显著升温 ,温度变化量从几至十几摄氏度不等。弹性变形导致的温度变化量极其微小 ,不但远远小于气候影响的幅度 ,而且超出了卫星红外的直接探测能力。因此 ,需要探索新的红外图像分析方法 ,考察其它的热异常物理机制     

岩石红外比辐射率简易测定方法及意义

利用地表辐射 (亮温 )求取地面温度需要通过岩石比辐射率进行换算。地球上的岩石千差万别 ,即使岩石学上分类一致的岩石 ,比辐射率也可以显著不同 ,需要大量的比辐射率时 ,现有测量方法显得过于复杂或环境要求过高 ,发展简便的比辐射率测量方法十分必要。实际上 ,在室温情况下 ,比辐射率为常数 ,可以通过测量一系列的温度和相应的辐射值 ,仪器本身的辐射和环境辐射可直接当作未知量参加反演 ,最终利用最小二乘法拟合获得比辐射率 ,大大降低了测量的难度。文中测量了1 6种岩石标本的比辐射率 ,方差一般保持在 0 .0 1左右 ,大多数 <0 .0 1 ;线性拟合的相关系数均 >0 99     

中国地表亮度温度年变基准场

欲从热红外辐射中找到构造活动与地震活动的信息 ,需要考虑 2个基本问题 ,即大气的影响和地表热红外辐射的稳定场。通过以下方面的工作尝试对上述问题进行了研究 :1 )提出了地表亮度温度及年变基准场的概念。 2 )利用NOAA卫星 2 0年的观测资料 ,文中在获得地表亮温 (LSBT)的基础上 ,借用分离窗方法和小波分析方法 ,提取了中国地表亮温的年变基准场 ,为进一步分析异常场打下了基础。计算表明 ,大气的影响一般在± 1 0K范围内     

不同阻尼体系地震能量输入及阻尼能量耗散计算分析

本文给出了复阻尼体系地震能量输入及阻尼能量耗散计算公式。利用天津、E1Centro、迁安记录及Mexico地震Cale记录计算了复阻尼及粘性阻尼体系的地震能量输入及阻尼能量耗散,并绘制了相应的时程曲线。计算所用阻尼比取0．1及0．05,周期分别取0．3s,0．5s,1s,1．5s及5s。通过计算我们观察到,除迁安记录外,在其它几个地震作用下,对固有周期小于1s的短周期结构,复阻尼体系能量输入及阻尼能量耗散时程曲线值高于相应的粘性阻尼体系(对迁安记录固有周期需小于0．5s)。对中周期结构,两组曲线相近,对于长周期结构,复阻尼体系的能量时程曲线值低于相应的粘性阻尼体系值。对于每个地震记录,有一个临界值,体系的固有周期小于此值时,不同阻尼模型的能量输入、阻尼能量耗散时程曲线值无大差异,当周期大于此值时,不同阻尼模型的能量输入及阻尼能量耗散时程曲线差异较大。复阻尼体系对周期的敏感程度远大于粘性阻尼体系。当周期不变,阻尼比增大时,在峰值点之后,复阻尼体系能量时程曲线基本无大的变化,粘性阻尼体系能量时程曲线有抬高趋势。     

濮阳地区土壤(断层)气特征研究

在地震地球化学前兆观测中,土壤(断层)气观测越来越受到重视。开展了利用水氡、水质、气体观测仪器设备进行土壤(断层)气的实验观测。对濮阳地区土壤(断层)气特征进行了研究。     

On the initiation and movement mechanisms of a catastrophic landslide triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan (M<Subscript>s</Subscript> 8.0) earthquake in the epicenter area

The Niumiangou landslide (~7.5 × 10⁶ m³) was the largest that occurred in the town of Yingxiu (the epicentral area) during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. This landslide originated on a steep slope (~30°) that was located directly above the rupture surface of the responsible fault and then traveled ~2 km after flowing down the axes of two gently sloping (<12°) valleys. Evidence at the site indicates that the landslide materials were highly fluidized and underwent rapid movement. To examine the initiation and movement mechanisms of this landslide, we performed a detailed field survey, conducted laboratory tests on samples taken from the field, and analyzed the seismic motion. We conclude that the landside materials were displaced due to seismic loading during the earthquake and that liquefaction may have been triggered in saturated layers above the sliding surface with progressive downslope sliding, which resulted in the high mobility of the displaced materials. The liquefaction of colluvial deposits along the travel path due to loading by the sliding mass enhanced the mobility of the displaced mass originating in the source area. Using an energy-based approach, we estimated the dissipated energy in our cyclic loading test and the possible energy dissipated to the soil layer on the slope by the earthquake. We infer that the seismic energy available for the initiation of the slope failure in the source area may have greatly exceeded the amount required for the initiation of the liquefaction failure. The slope instability might have been triggered several seconds after the arrival of seismic motion.     

Failure modes classification and failure mechanism research of ancient city wall

Many ancient city walls have stability problems such as internal damage, surface weathering and erosion, and even degradation of bearing capacity. The protection of ancient city wall has thus become a serious problem to be solved, and this study was carried out to provide specific protection recommendations. We identified and classified the failure modes of a number of ancient city walls and give specific protection recommendations for different kinds of failure modes. Based on numerical simulation, the analysis of the failure mechanism of an ancient city wall in Beijing has put forward. We found that the main failure mode of ancient city wall is rainstorms and that the rainfall degree, the duration of rainfall, and the presence of permeable channels in the wall all have a significant impact on the deformation of the wall, and there may have a bulging phenomenon in the lower part of the surface of the wall; in addition, the temperature has little effect on the deformation of the wall. Our classification method can be applied to identify the failure modes of similar ancient buildings and can provide suggestions for protective measures.     

广东省土地变更调查省级检查系统的设计与实现

土地变更调查省级检查是一项费时、费力的任务。为了提高土地变更调查省级检查的效率,确保检查结果的真实、准确性,本文提出了一套基于流程、数据版本的质检框架体系,设计实现了广东省土地变更调查省级检查系统。该系统可以实现灵活配置与方便使用的质检框架,集中管理质检规则,灵活制定质检方案,以适应不同年度质检规则变化。通过广东省土地调查规划院的应用,证明该系统可显著提高作业效率,保证检查结果的可靠性。