Fast switch from extensional exhumation to thrusting of the Ronda Peridotites (South Spain)

The Alboran Domain, situated at the western end of the Mediterranean subduction system, is characterized by the Ronda Peridotites, one of the world's largest exposures of sub‐continental mantle. Using U–Pb (LA‐ICP‐MS) and Ar–Ar dating, we precisely dated two tectonic events associated with the Tertiary exhumation of the Ronda Peridotites. First, shearing along the Crust–Mantle Extensional Shear Zone caused, at ca. 22.5 Ma, mantle exhumation, local partial melting in the deep crust and coeval cooling in the upper crust. Second, the Ronda Peridotites Thrust triggered the final emplacement of the peridotites onto the continental crust at c. 21 Ma, as testified by granitic intrusions in the thrust hangingwall. The tectonic evolution of the western Alboran Domain is therefore characterized by a fast switch from continental lithospheric extension in a backarc setting, with sub‐continental mantle exhumation, to a rift inversion by thrusting driven by shortening of the upper plate.     

新疆喀拉通克铜镍矿床伴生贵金属成矿地球化学研究

按侵位顺序可划分为岩浆熔离型、深熔贯入型和热液叠加型成矿作用,其中后二者与贵金属的富集及成矿关系最为密切,尤其是热液作用.贵金属Au、Ag、Pt、Pd主要在热液成矿流体分异形成的高铜块状矿体中富集;含矿岩浆在岩浆房中深熔的时间与各成因类型矿体侵位是反序的;Cu、Ni及贵金属矿是经深源熔离和脉动式多次成矿作用形成的.     

北准噶尔洪古勒楞蛇绿岩研究的新进展

通过对洪古勒楞东段蛇绿岩的研究，基本搞清了蛇绿者组合特征及其形成时代，首次指出该区在晚震旦世为广阔大洋环境，为研究准噶尔的大地构造演化提供了证据。依据蛇绿岩与围岩的接触关系，指出了其构造侵位时间为奥陶纪末，而与泥盆系则为断层接触。通过Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ等时线法测年结果确定蛇绿岩形成于６２６±２５Ｍａ。从稀土元素、岩石化学和εＮｄ（Ｔ）＝十８．４等综合分析，蛇绿岩来自亏损地幔岩浆，纯属洋中脊产物。     

喀拉通克Ⅰ号硫化铜镍矿床地球化学特征及矿化富集规律探讨

喀拉通克I号铜镍矿床是与基性杂岩体有关的岩浆硫化物矿床.矿床∑REE和稀土配分模式与国内同类矿床相似.铜、镍、钴等主要元素和金、银、铂等贵重金属元素赋存规律明显,与矿化富集规律计算机模拟结果吻合.岩石模式年龄等数项测试分析.为矿床的形成(物理化学条件分析)提供了较合理的依据.     

Crystallization conditions in the Upper Pollara magma chamber, Salina Island, Southern Tyrrhenian Sea

Summary Pyroclastites erupted from the Upper Pollara magma chamber (13 ka, Salina Island, Aeolian Archipelago) resulted from mingling and mixing of rhyolitic and andesitic magmas. An experimental study has been conducted on the rhyolitic end-member to constrain the pre-eruptive conditions of the magma. In order to check for the role of mixing on the equilibrium phase assemblage, three different starting compositions, corresponding to three different mixing degrees, have been used. The crystallization experiments were conducted at two different oxygen fugacities and at variable temperature and fluid contents. The results indicate that the natural mineralogical assemblage can only be reproduced from a composition showing a certain degree of mixing. Assuming a pressure of 200 MPa (generally accepted for the Aeolian Islands), the pre-eruptive temperature of the magmas is estimated between 755 and 800 °C and the water content of the melt was higher than 4–4.5 wt.%. The Upper Pollara magma crystallized at relatively high fO₂ (ΔlogfO₂ = Ni–NiO + 1 log unit), compared to rhyolitic magmas from Lipari and Vulcano. As this difference has not been observed for the most primitive magmas the difference in fO₂ could be related to different degassing processes operating in Salina and Lipari – Vulcano magmas.     

Lamprophyre or Lamproite Dyke in the SW Tarim Block?--Discussion on the Petrogenesis of These Rocks and Their Source Region

The mineralogical, petrological and geochemical studies on Keliyang (克里阳) potassic dykes have been carried out to understand their rock types, the petrogenesis and the nature of their mantle sources. They are potassic lamprophyre, not lamproites as the previous researchers believed. In this study, the whole-rock major and trace element compositions of another 6 lamproite dykes recently discovered are reported. Major elements were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) techniques, while REE and trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). They can be classified into phlogopite-diopside lamprophyre, leucite-diopside lamprophyre and granular carbonatite-bearing diopside lamprophyre on the basis of their mineral components. They are all characterized by relatively low SiO2 (41.31% -44. 84%), TiO2 (0.75% -0.86%) and high MgO (7.30%-11.33%), K2O (4.01%-6.01%) concentrations with K2O/Na2O ratios of 2. 77-12.49. In addition, they display enrichment in large-ion iithophile elements (LILEs, e. g., Rb, Sr,Ba) and LREE, but a relative depletion in high-field-strength elements (HFSEs, e.g. , Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf and Ti). They display similar chondrite-normalized REE patterns with slight negative Eu anomalies (δEu=0.64-0. 82), and high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios, which resemble those of high K/Ti and low-Ti potassic magmas formed in subduction-related settings. Consequently, we suggest that the parental magma was generated by partial melting of the phlogopite-amphibole- bearing garnet lherzolite within the lithospheric mantle that might have been metasomatized by a potassium-bearing fluid released from a subduction oceanic crust.     

新疆某地红宝石和蓝宝石矿物学研究

本文系统地研究了新疆某地红宝石-蓝宝石矿床,基本查明了该矿床中红宝石和蓝宝石矿床的粒度、形态、双晶、裂纹、包裹体形态和成分,以及硬度、密度、多色性、吸收性、Ne和No值;晶胞参数、化学成分等特征,从而为该类矿床的开发利用提供了重要信息。并根据该矿红、蓝宝石的物理性质、光学性质和化学成分上的不同,进一步探讨了呈色机理。