Lake evolution and its implication for environmental changes in China during 1950–2000

Lakes in China have undergone considerable environmental changes during the past 50 years, e.g. lake level, water area changes, as did in the past several thousands years. The enhanced human activities, such as land reclamation, application of chemical fertilizer, land use and cover, irrigation and industrialization in the catchment etc., have played an important role on the recent decades＇ changes of these lakes, although constrained to a great extent by the natural impact. Comparative study on variations of lake volume （water level, depth and area） in the eastern and western lake regions of China during 1950-2000 indicated that, lake volume in the eastern region had approximately undergone a two-stage change, i.e. a dramatic decrease from the 1950s to 1970s, and a continuous increase between the 1980s and 1990s; while, in the western region, lake volume had been decreasing nearly all the time. Further studies on some typical lakes concluded that, climatic change was a primary factor for the variations of lake volume during the past 50 years, although human activities showed important effect.     

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界标志层特征及形成机制

根据大量的钻探、测井、露头数据,对鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界标志层的岩电特征、层序地层意义及形成的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明：研究区主要发育灰岩、砂岩、泥岩及煤层标志层,依据层序界面的特点将研究区上古生界划分为5个二级层序、12个三级层序,其中SQ1—SQ5属于海相地层层序,SQ6—SQ12为陆相层序。鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界总体上经历了海相—海陆过渡相—陆相的沉积演化过程,标志层受沉积相横向变化的影响,主要形成于三角洲、辫状河三角洲、河流、湖泊、障壁海岸以及浅海陆棚沉积体系。在划分地层及地层对比过程中,可通过控制标志层、对比相邻井、参考厚度变化等,合理、准确地划分地层。     

平原河网区降雨径流污染负荷测算——以太湖流域望虞河西岸为例

如何精细量化降雨径流污染负荷是流域尺度实现面源精准治污全过程控制的重要前提.本研究以水污染较为严重的望虞河西岸综合示范区为例,通过开展不同土地利用类型的降雨观测实验,修正SCS-CN模型中的初损率,并基于土地利用类型遥感解译和降雨径流污染物浓度测定,精细刻画降雨径流中总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH3-N)、化学...