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941.
In practical engineering, cyclic shear stresses induced by earthquakes, traffic, and waves are superimposed on the initial static shear stress in sand fills or deposits, leading to complex responses of soils such as their deformation characteristics, pore pressure generation, and susceptibility (or cyclic resistance) to liquefaction. To experimentally investigate the undrained cyclic response of saturated sand, a series of triaxial tests were performed, covering a broad range of initial static and cyclic deviatoric stress levels. The results indicate that different stress conditions lead to two types of cyclic behavior: cyclic mobility and residual deformation accumulation. The compressional static stress is beneficial to the cyclic resistance of the dense sand, whereas the extensional static stress is regarded as detrimental as it tended to reduce the cyclic strength. Moreover, by comparing the available test data obtained from the same sand with varying initial densities and confining pressures, the static shear effect on cyclic resistance was found to be dependent on the state of the sand. Compared to the interpretation made using the limiting pore pressure-based criterion, the conventional failure criterion using a cyclic axial strain of 5% may lead to a substantial overestimation of the cyclic resistance, thus resulting in unsafe assessment and design. Hence, by employing the pore pressure criterion, the pore pressure generated in the cyclic tests was investigated and was found to be significantly influenced by the static shear stress. A pore pressure generation model is proposed to obtain the pore pressure characteristics of sand under various static shear stress conditions. 相似文献
942.
Mechanism of sinkhole formation during groundwater-level recovery in karst mining area,Dachengqiao, Hunan province,China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zongyuan Pan Xiaozhen Jiang Mingtang Lei Zhende Guan Yuanbin Wu Yongli Gao 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(24):799
The Meitanba Coal Mine area in Hunan province, China, had been impacted by severe cover collapse sinkholes since 1982 due to mine dewatering. After the coal mine was closed in February 2015, the groundwater level has increased significantly. A series of sinkholes were recorded in the study area during groundwater-level recovery. Analysis of monitoring results and in-situ investigation indicated that 13 sinkhole collapses were more likely induced by abrupt change of groundwater–air pressure in response to heavy rainfall from March 2015 to July 2016 when the groundwater level increased by as much as 76 m. When the karst conduit was flooded, a relatively sealed environment was formed between saturated sediments and flooded karst conduit. Implosion of entrapped air might have caused the cave roof to collapse followed by surface collapses in a short time. On the other hand, four sinkholes occurred in November 2016 when the groundwater levels were near the soil–bedrock interface at elevations between 52.5 and 58.9 m amsl and the groundwater-level increase was at slower paces. Field measurements indicate that the groundwater-level fluctuation at the soil–bedrock interface could enlarge the soil cavity and accelerate the subsoil erosion process. 相似文献
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945.
为探讨准噶尔盆地南缘二叠纪-三叠纪盆地构造性质及构造演化过程,笔者对盆地南缘小渠子背斜保存较完整的T/P 不整合进行了几何学、运动学和沉积韵律旋回特征的分析。T/P 不整合具有同构造不整合的特点,表现为不整合之下削蚀、之上超覆,是由于盆地南缘经历晚二叠世-早三叠世区域性挤压作用造成的。通过对小渠子地区深层地质结构的分析,认为晚二叠世-早三叠世的构造演化过程与早石炭世伸展断陷的反转密切相关。 相似文献
946.
地震过程中剪切波可用大小和方向上相互耦合的水平两向剪切来模拟。以温州典型软黏土为对象,采用多向动单剪系统(VDDCSS)进行不排水应力控制的循环单剪试验,重点研究了水平双向耦合荷载作用下循环剪应力比(SSR)和相位差?对饱和软黏土动力特性的影响,试验组数共计19组。试验结果表明:在单向循环剪切荷载作用下温州正常固结饱和软黏土的门槛循环应力比SSR_(x,menkan)为0.096,临界循环应力比SSR_(x,limit)为0.15;水平双向耦合荷载作用下,双向循环应力比SSR(SSR_x(28)SSR_y)的提高以及循环次数N的增加会促进剪应变?的增加和孔压u的发展;当SSR稍微大于SSR_(x,menkan)时,?的增加也会阻碍?和u发展,在临界循环应力比SSR_(x,limit)附近,?的存在会急剧加快土样总应变和孔压的发展,当SSRSSR_(x,limit)时,相位差?的存在对土样总应变和孔压发展的影响基本可以忽略。 相似文献
947.
948.
Ren Qijiang Wang Dezi Xu Zhaowen Dong Huogen Pan Longquan Yang Rongyong Fang Changquan Hu Jin'an 《《地质学报》英文版》1993,67(4):411-427
The Lujiang-Zongyang volcano-structural depression resulted from the combined action of tectonism and volcanism. Its evolution progressed through five stages from 190 to 105 Ma B.P., during which nine types of metal and pyrite deposits were formed. These deposits show obvious regularities in the temporal-spatial distribution and have certain genetic relation, forming a minerogenetic series related to shoshonite within or around the volcano-structural depression on the basement that sank for a long period of time. This paper suggests a four-dimensional model of the formation and evolution of a typical volcano-structural depression and its related mineralizalion in a transition belt from the active margins to the inner part of a plate under alternating shear-compressive and shear-extensional stress conditions, but predominantly shear-extensional stress conditions. 相似文献
949.
950.
庐枞火山-构造洼地是在构造和火山岩浆活动共同作用下产生的。从190Ma至105Ma其演化过程可分为五个阶段,共出现了9种金属和硫铁矿矿床类型,这些矿床在时-空分布上具有明显的规律性,在成因上具有一定的内在联系,构成了在长期沉降基底士的火山-构造洼地内、外与橄榄安粗岩系有关的成矿系列。本文提供了一个在剪切-挤压与剪切-拉张交替作用,而以剪切-拉张为主的构造背景下,在活动大陆边缘与板内过渡地带,一个火山-构造洼地及其成矿作用演化的四维模型。 相似文献