Corporate responses to the CDM: the Indian pulp and paper industry

The key outcomes of the 2006 Nairobi Conference on Climate Change are described, with a particular emphasis on adaptation, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and the future of the United Nations climate change regime beyond 2012. Based on an analysis of the key issues being negotiated, the Nairobi Conference can be understood as an important step in the larger process towards a future climate change regime. Its significance is in establishing the confidence and trust between the key players that will be necessary for the successful completion of the current phase of negotiations and agreement on the post-2012 climate change regime.     

Modelling uncertainty in natural resource analysis using fuzzy sets and Monte Carlo simulation: slope stability prediction

The techniques of fuzzy logic and Monte Carlo simulation are combined to address two incompatible types of uncertainty present in most natural resource data: thematic classification uncertainty and variance in unclassified continuously distributed data. The resultant model of uncertainty is applied to an infinite slope stability model using data from Louise Island, British Columbia. Results are summarized so as to answer forestry decision support queries. The proposed model of uncertainty in resource data analysis is found to have utility in combining different types of uncertainty, and efficiently utilizing available metadata. Integration of uncertainty data models with visualization tools is considered a necessary prerequisite to effective implementation in decision support systems.     

Landsat,aerial photography and state factors in soil survey of arid and humid Patagonia,Argentina

Frederiksen, Peter: LANDSAT, aerial photography and state factors in soil survey of arid and humid Patagonia, Argentina. Geografisk Tidsskrift 81: 39–48. Copenhagen, June, 1981

The applicability of LANDSAT, aerial photography, and topographical maps was tested in relation to soil survey of humid and arid Patagonia, Argentina. Fieldwork was carried out as toposequence-studies in five vegetation zones and observations of roadcuts. These data were compared with LANDSAT and aerial photography. Only observations on state factors of soil formation were obtained. These showed as a first rough approximation a consistent relationship between observed state factors as expressed in land systems and stage of soil development.     

Recent status of bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus, in the wintering grounds off West Greenland

Bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus, belonging to the Davis Strait/Baffin Bay stock, have historically in Baffin Bay and Davis Strait, including waters along the west coast of Greenland in and near the entrance of Disko Bay. Aerial surveys of the Disko Bay region during late winter (1981, 1982, 1990,1991, 1993 and 1994) showed that it was still visited regularly by a few tens of whales. Commercial whaling on bowheads in Baffin Bay and Davis Strait ended in about 1915, but occasional killing continued until as recently as the 1970s. The low numbers of bowheads observed off West Greenland in recent years are consistent with the results of surveys of the summering grounds in the eastern Canadian Arctic, indicating that any recovery has been exceedingly slow. The only conclusion supported by the data is that the current stock size is a small fraction of what it was prior to commercial whaling.