Historical Evidence for the Birth of the Newly Discovered Pulsar PSR J1833-1034

Stimulated by the recent discovery of PSR J1833-1034 in SNR G21.5-0.9 and its age parameters presented by two groups of discovery, we demonstrate that the PSR J1833-1034 was born 2053 years ago from a supernova explosion, the BC 48 guest star observed in the Western Han (Early Han) Dynasty by ancient Chinese. Based on a detailed analysis of the Chinese ancient record of the BC 48 guest star and the new detected physical parameters of PSR J1833-1034, agreements on the visual position, age and distance between PSR J1833-1034 and the BC 48 guest star are obtained. The initial period P0 of PSR J1833-1034 is now derived from its historical and current observed data without any other extra assumption on P0 itself, except that the factor PP is a constant in its evolution until now.     

Barotropic current fluctuations coupled with sea level drawdown in Yellow and Bohai Seas

Sub-tidal barotropic current variations coupled with residual sea level fluctuation in the Bohai and Yellow Seas during wintertime are addressed in this study.The temporal evolution and spatial distribution of current fluctuation are investigated using moored acoustic Doppler current profiler data in a three-dimensional numerical model.It is found that a southward current followed by a northward current occurred in the northern Yellow Sea during the fluctuation,concurrent with a significant outflow followed by inflow through the Bohai Strait.The process is consistent from surface to bottom and is coupled with remarkable residual sea level fluctuation.This quasi three-day fluctuation with amplitude 0.2-0.3 m/s leads to 1 m/1.2 m drawdown in the northern Yellow and Bohai Seas,respectively,strongly influencing water exchange between those seas.Because this a prominent feature in the seas,it is necessary to evaluate its effect on fluctuation during winter in future studies,in particular,the northward current during the recovery phase of sea level in the Bohai and Yellow Seas regarding seasonal variation.     

Radial tidal current field in a semi-enclosed rectangular basin: formation and evolution

The radial tidal current field accounts for the formation of the radial sand ridges in the South Yellow Sea. Understanding the formation and evolution of this radial tidal current field is vital to assessing the morphodynamic features in the area. A semi-enclosed rectangular basin with and without a coastal barrier was schematized from the topography of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. The 2D tidal current field in this basin was simulated using the DELFT3D-FLOW model. The concept of tidal wave refraction, which highlights the effect of the sloped or stepped submarine topography on the propagation of the tidal waves, was introduced to explain the formation of the radial tidal current field. Under the effect of tidal wave refraction, co-phase lines of the counterclockwise rotating tidal wave and incident tidal wave are transformed into clockwise and counterclockwise deflections, respectively, leading to the convergence and divergence of the flow field. Regardless of whether a coastal barrier exists or not, the outer radial tidal current field might emerge over certain topography. The responses of the radial tidal current field in this basin to the environmental variations such as coastline changes and bottom erosions were discussed. Results show that local protrusion near the focal point of the radial tidal current field will have limited effects on the location of the tidal system. However, a remarkable shift of the amphidromic point toward the entrance and central axis of this basin and a movement of the focal point of the radial tidal current field toward the entrance could be caused by the significant seaward coastline advance and submarine slope erosion.     

1979-2010年我国大陆海岸潟湖变迁的多时相遥感分析

潟湖是重要的海岸湿地类型,具有丰富的自然资源和独特的生态功能。近几十年来,我国的海岸潟湖遭到了极大破坏,因此,开展我国海岸潟湖遥感监测与分析具有重要意义。本文根据1979年、1990年、2000年和2010年的4期共102景多时相遥感影像数据,利用遥感和地理信息系统等技术方法对我国大陆海岸潟湖进行了遥感监测,首次调查统计了我国大陆海岸潟湖的名称、数量、分布、岸线长度和面积信息,并对近31年来我国大陆海岸潟湖的变迁状况进行了分析。结果表明,1979年我国大陆海岸潟湖共计251个,近31年,共消失19个潟湖,其中辽宁省消失15个,广东省消失3个,广西壮族自治区消失1个;1979年我国大陆海岸潟湖岸线总长度为2 692.26km,总面积为1 092.805 5km2,至2010年我国大陆海岸潟湖岸线总长度共减少337.80km,潟湖总面积共减少204.103km2;31年间,我国大陆海岸潟湖的岸线长度和潟湖面积总体均处在持续减少的状态,各省(自治区)也基本符合该规律;1979-2010年间,我国大陆海岸潟湖大部分处在老年期,死亡期潟湖消失19个。     

在Zebiak-Cane模式中观测MJO强迫对ENSO可预报性的影响, 第1部分:对最大预报误差的影响

With the observational wind data and the Zebiak-Cane model, the impact of Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) as external forcing on El Ni(n)o–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) predictability is studied. The obs...     

基于HJ-1A高光谱的黄河口碱蓬和柽柳盖度反演模型研究

碱蓬和柽柳是黄河口湿地典型的盐生植物类型,是多种保护珍禽的主要栖息地,具有景观尺度较小、分布广且多混生的特点。应用覆盖黄河口北部潮滩的HJ-1A高光谱遥感影像,基于现场测量的端元光谱和从遥感影像中使用顺序最大角凸锥法(SAMCC)自动提取的端元光谱,应用线性光谱分解法(LSU)、正交子空间投影法(OSP)、匹配滤波法(MF)、最小能量约束法(CEM)和自适应一致估计法(ACE)5种不同光谱解混方法进行混合像元光谱解混,对比两种方法得到的端元光谱分别对碱蓬和柽柳盖度的反演能力,并给出相应的反演模型。结果显示:(1)现场测量端元光谱取得了较好的碱蓬和柽柳盖度反演结果,其中应用LSU方法的光谱解混结果与现场测量盖度的决定系数对于碱蓬和柽柳分别达到了0.88和0.95;(2)两种端元获取方式的光谱解混结果中,LSU和OSP方法均获得了较高的相关性,ACE解混方法的相关性都最低;(3)SAMCC方法提取端元光谱对柽柳的分解结果与现场测量盖度的相关性远高于碱蓬。     

基于主成分分析和决策级融合的高光谱图像分类方法研究

为了评价主成分分析方法和决策级数据融合方法对高光谱图像地物分类结果的影响,作者利用各分类器和主成分分量的优势,提出了两组地物分类结果的决策级融合策略,利用8种常用监督分类方法对高光谱原始图像和PCA变换后不同分量组合图分类得到的结果进行决策级融合,并应用覆盖黄河入海口新老河道交界处的CHRIS/PROBA高光谱图像开展实验研究。结果表明:直接采用每类地物分类精度最高的、空穴和缝隙采用总体分类精度最高的融合策略,在综合考虑生产者精度和用户精度的情形下,仅使用最大似然法、支持向量机和人工神经网络3种分类方法,按照分类精度从高到低的顺序进行的融合分类效果最好,总体分类精度为87.82%。与8种监督分类方法中效果最好的最大似然法相比,精度提高了2.7个百分点,同时明显减少了错分现象,尤其是对于分布面积较小的翅碱蓬和柽柳,滩涂被误分为翅碱蓬、芦苇被误分为柽柳的现象大大降低。     

控制点与检查点数量和比例对水深遥感反演精度的影响分析

在水深遥感反演半经验模型中,水深控制点和检查点选取是一项非常重要的工作,前者用于建立实测水深值与遥感影像灰度值之间的数量关系,后者用于评价水深反演精度。但前人在相关研究中并未就控制点和检查点的选取数量和比例给出有实验依据的建议,亦未开展其对水深反演精度的影响分析。针对这个问题,作者使用6020个实测水深点和World View-2、GF-1 WFV、Landsat8 OLI 3种多光谱影像,基于三波段水深反演模型开展了81组实验,分析比较了不同数量和比例的控制点与检查点对反演结果的影响,评价过程利用平均绝对误差(Mean Absolute Error,MAE)、平均相对误差(Mean Relative Error,MRE)和反映实测水深与反演水深相关性的决定系数R2等3种参数。结果表明:(1)当控制点数量达到31个时,水深反演精度即趋于稳定;(2)检查点数量在30个时,其评价指标已可以代表模型反演精度;(3)控制点和检查点的数量比例对反演精度并无影响,但控制点选取过多则会产生反演精度降低的现象,采用人工选取检查点时剔除浅水区的异常点即可有效避免这一问题。     

基于四种水产病原弧菌的简型芯片检测体系的优化

基因芯片技术在病原菌检测领域展现出良好的前景,本文依托水产病原菌基因检测芯片的检测体系,以水产常见病原弧菌的hsp60、toxR基因检测探针为研究对象,系统研究不同点样液配方、寡核苷酸探针浓度、荧光标记物质浓度、杂交温度、杂交时长对芯片杂交效果的影响,并进行相应优化。结果表明,杂交温度为60℃、杂交时长为2h、探针浓度为1μmol/L、Cy3标记的随机引物的用量为150pmol时,芯片的经济性、灵敏度、检测效率达到均衡;以0.1mol/L磷酸氢二钠和25%二甲基亚砜混合溶液作为点样液,效果较好。优化后的芯片对4种弧菌的检测没有出现交叉杂交现象,探针特异性达到100%;对溶藻弧菌全基因组DNA检测灵敏度为10fg,高出PCR方法约2个数量级。     

调和分析方法在海洋磁力测量日变改正中的应用

针对海洋磁力测量数据处理中面临的磁扰期间的日变改正问题,基于傅立叶级数建立了日变数据处理谐波分析模型;通过应用于大批量实测日变数据处理,确定了谐波截断次数,实现了日变基值、平静日变改正和磁扰改正的合理分离。