半导体激光端面泵浦Nd:YVO4/KTP固体激光的实验研究

搭建了一套以中心输出波长为808.5 nm的半导体激光端面泵浦Nd:YVO₄激光晶体产生1 064 nm红外激光,然后以腔内KTP晶体倍频的方法将红外激光倍频为532 nm绿光激光的固体激光实验系统,研究了808.5 nm的泵浦半导体激光的输出功率与注入电流的关系及与532 nm绿光输出功率的关系,以及KTP倍频晶体的相位匹角、泵浦光的聚焦位置和固体激光器的腔长等因素对532 nm绿光输出功率的影响.实验结果表明:提高泵浦半导体激光的泵浦功率、缩短固体激光器的腔长、将泵浦光聚焦到Nd:YVO₄晶体内部以及正确选择KTP晶体的相位匹配角能够提高532 nm绿光的输出功率.     

江苏6—7月降水与前期澳大利亚高压及相关海温异常的关系

利用5月份澳大利亚海平面气压和中国107站的6—7月降水资料,使用SVD方法揭示了5月份澳大利亚高压(简称澳高)与江苏汛期(6—7月)降水(简称汛期降水)的联系及可能原因,研究表明:当5月澳高偏强时,汛期环流特征表现为:(1)低层风场在30°N附近存在明显的风向切变,上升气流显著,并且西太平洋副热带高压较常年偏西,这样有利于降水增多;(2)130°E附近的越赤道气流显著加强,为降水提供了很好的水汽条件。主要影响途径:当5月澳高偏强(偏弱)时,与澳高相联系的印度尼西亚附近海温持续性偏冷(偏暖),偏冷(偏暖)的海温一方面使得其区域低层风场的异常辐散(辐合),异常辐散(辐合)风场作为涡度源通过Gill型响应可引起西太平洋异常反气旋(气旋)环流,有利于副热带高压较常年偏强偏西(偏弱偏东),也增强(减弱)了自南向北的暖湿气流的输送;另一方面引起其区域下沉(上升)气流异常,进而通过类似与EAP波列,激发江淮地区的异常上升(下沉)气流,使得汛期降水偏多(偏少)。     

CINRAD/SA发射机典型故障分析处理

发射机是CINRAD/SA天气雷达的重要组成部分,长期处于连续高压强电的工作状态中,且线路复杂,是CINRAD/SA雷达中故障率较高的部分。以广州雷达为基础,结合其他部分台站的经验,整理出发射机在运行过程中出现的几个典型故障及其排除过程,总结这些故障形成的原因,并提出解决方法,对发射机的故障分4个方面进行了总结,此类经验及分析思路对雷达技术保障人员有一定的借鉴意义。     

Total mercury and monomethylmercury in water, sediments, and hydrophytes from the rivers, estuary, and bay along the Bohai Sea coast, northeastern China

Mercury contamination in aquatic environments is of worldwide concern because of its high biomagnification factor in food chains and long-range transport. The rivers, estuary and the bay along the northwestern Bohai Sea coast, northeastern China have been heavily contaminated by Hg due to long-term Zn smelting and chlor-alkali production. This work investigated the distributions of total Hg (THg) and monomethylmercury (MMHg) in the water, sediment and hydrophytes from this area. Concentrations of THg in sediment (0.5–64 mg kg⁻¹) and water (39–2700 ng L⁻¹) were elevated by 1–3 orders of magnitude compared to background concentrations, which induced high concentrations of MMHg in these media. The highest concentration of MMHg in sediment reached 35 μg kg⁻¹, which was comparable to that in the Hg mining area, Wanshan, China, and the highest MMHg concentration of 3.0 ng L⁻¹ in the water sample exceeded the MMHg Chinese drinking water guideline of 1.0 ng L⁻¹. Concentrations of THg in a sediment profile from Jinzhou Bay were found to be consistent with annual Hg emission flux from a local Zn smelter (r = 0.74, p < 0.01), indicating that Hg contamination was mainly caused by Zn smelting locally. For some freshwater hydrophytes, concentrations of THg and MMHg ranged from 5.2 to 100 μg kg⁻¹ and 0.15 to 12 μg kg⁻¹, respectively. Compared to sediment, concentrations of THg in hydrophytes were 2–3 orders of magnitude lower but MMHg was comparable or higher, indicating that the bioaccumulation in plants was distinct for the two Hg species studied. The data suggest that a significant load of Hg has been released into the northwestern coastal region of the Bohai Sea.     

新疆天山干沟加里东花岗岩构造环境

传统研究将新疆天山干沟段博罗科努带花岗岩划为石炭纪或泥盆纪,中天山花岗片麻岩划为加里东期~([1,2]).本文根据1:5万区调成果,将其分别厘定为志留纪和前寒武纪~①.论证了志留纪干沟序列花岗岩构造环境.其序列组成为石英闪长岩-花岗闪长岩/斜长花岗岩/英云闪长岩-二长花岗岩组合,二长花岗岩略多,地球化学特征具典型造山花岗岩特征,K-Na-Ca图解中性段具英云闪长岩趋势,酸性段呈钙碱性趋势,其构造环境为大陆弧.据花岗岩中的斜长石内高岭土和绢云母结晶形态,辨识出研究区志留纪干沟序列花岗岩具绿片岩相变质.     

基于滑坡风险管理的宝塔山景区景点价值核算

依托国际上较通用的滑坡风险计算公式,以点评价为核心,对宝塔山景区各景点从价值指数、保护级别系数、专款指数、品牌系数、当地依托旅行社数目、时代系数等方面综合考虑,进行承灾体价值核算,尝试探索量化风险管理计算公式中的E（t）（承灾体价值）,不仅为宝塔山景区的防灾减灾提供参考,而且为关于风景区景点滑坡风险管理的进一步量化做出铺垫。     

小湾水电站坝址区低高程岸坡表生改造特征及机制研究

摘要:小湾水电站坝基、水垫塘边坡及低高程排水洞系统广泛地揭示了低高程岸坡的地质特征。基于现场调查和二维弹塑性有限元分析,深化认识了低高程岸坡表生改造特征:（1）它是在建造和构造改造的基础上进行的:原构造缓倾角节理扩展、错动;陡倾角节理扩展、产状改变以及错动;新生了大量中缓倾角裂隙;表生改造程度向坡内减弱。（2）建立了低高程岸坡表生改造缓裂生成机制模型,分析了其生成过程。（3）在二维弹塑性有限元分析中,基于拉破坏区分布、剪应变和点安全度等指标,分析了低高程岸坡卸荷松弛范围,其中谷底表生改造明显影响深度为6~9m。     

Genesis of the Gold Deposit in the Indus-Yarlung Tsangpo Suture Zone, Southern Tibet: Evidence from Geological and Geochemical Data

The Nianzha gold deposit,located in the central section of the Indus-Yarlung Tsangpo suture(IYS) zone in southern Tibet,is a large gold deposit(Au reserves of 25 tons with average grade of 3.08 g/t) controlled by a E-W striking fault that developed during the main stage of Indo-Asian collision(~65-41 Ma).The main orebody is 1760 m long and 5.15 m thick,and occurs in a fracture zone bordered by Cretaceous diorite in the hanging wall to the north and the Renbu tectonic melange in the footwall to the south.High-grade mineralization occurs in a fracture zone between diorite and ultramafic rock in the Renbu tectonic melange.The wall-rock alteration is characterized by silicification in the fracture zone,serpentinization and the formation of talc and magnesite in the ultramafic unit,and chloritization and the formation of epidote and calcite in diorite.Quartz veins associated with Au mineralization can be divided into three stages.Fluid inclusion data indicate that the deposit formed from H_2O-NaCl-organic gas fluids that homogenize at temperatures of 203℃-347℃ and have salinities of 0.35wt%-17.17wt%NaCl equivalent.The quartz veins yield δ~(18)O_(fluid) values of 0.15‰-10.45‰,low δD_(V-SMOW)values(-173‰ to-96‰),and the δ~(13)C values of-17.6‰ to-4.7‰,indicating the ore-forming fluids were a mix of metamorphic and sedimentary orogenic fluids with the addition of some meteoric and mantle-derived fluids.The pyrite within the diorite has δ~(34)S_(V-CDT) values of-2.9‰-1.9‰(average-1.1‰),~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb values of 18.47-18.64,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb values of 15.64-15.74,and ~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb values of 38.71-39.27,all of which are indicative of the derivation of S and other ore-forming elements from deep in the mantle.The presence of the Nianzha,Bangbu,and Mayum gold deposits within the IYS zone indicates that this area is highly prospective for large orogenic gold deposits.We identified three types of mineralization within the IYS,namely Bangbu-type accretionary,Mayum-type microcontinent,and Nianzha-type ophiolite-associated orogenic Au deposits.The three types formed at different depths in an accretionary orogenic tectonic setting.The Bangbu type was formed at the deepest level and the Nianzha type at the shallowest.     

新疆阿尔泰地区辉腾花岗岩体年代学、地球化学特征及构造意义

中阿尔泰构造带出露大面积晚三叠世花岗岩,对其进行详细的研究是了解阿尔泰造山带构造演化和陆壳增生过程的重要途径。本研究对侵入于中元古界苏普特岩群的辉腾花岗岩体进行详细的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素研究。研究结果显示,辉腾花岗岩体主要岩石类型有似斑状碱长花岗岩、似斑状正长花岗岩和似斑状二长花岗岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究结果表明,其形成时代为202.3±2.2Ma(MSWD=0.81),为晚三叠世。岩石具有高SiO_2、Al_2O_3、ALK,低TiO_2、MnO、MgO、P_2O_5的特征,轻稀土富集、轻重稀土分馏明显,具有Eu的负异常,富集Cs、Rb、Th、La、Ce、Nd等元素,亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti等元素,显示出I-A型花岗岩的特征,具有负的εNd(t)(-1.2~-0.3)特征和较老的两阶段模式(t2DM)年龄(1.04~1.08Ga)。综合分析认为,该岩体为富含黑云母的变泥质岩和少量变杂砂岩在低压、高温条件下脱水熔融形成,源区有富钙斜长石、钛铁矿和磷灰石的残留,同时幔源物质有少量混入,是阿尔泰造山带板内构造演化阶段的产物。     

基于生态空间胁迫的大都市区增长情景模拟

大都市区增长是当前中国城镇化发展的一种主要模式,如何确定其最佳空间增长形态是新型城镇化关注的重要内容之一。本研究立足于未来“生态城市”建设理念,从自然资源生态敏感性和城市发展适宜性角度构建双重约束条件,利用元胞自动机模型构建了生态空间胁迫下的城市增长过程模拟框架,探讨了边缘性增长、生态性增长与协调性增长3种发展模式,并从建设适宜性、生态安全性与斑块紧凑性等角度构建评价指标对模拟方案进行定量化对比。最后,以长江中游城市群的南昌大都市区进行实例应用,结果表明,协调性空间增长模式能最大程度降低城市建设对生态安全空间的侵蚀,大都市区在制定城市增长边界等空间政策时宜参考此种发展模式,基于生态空间胁迫分析的城市增长过程建模是一种有用的规划决策情景分析工具。