2021年10月15日内蒙古阿鲁科尔沁旗4.7级地震发震构造研究

2021年10月15日,内蒙古赤峰市阿鲁科尔沁旗发生4.7级地震,该地震是继2003年8月16日阿鲁科尔沁旗5.9级地震后,该区发生的第二次中等以上地震。使用CAP方法获取本次地震的震源机制解,将其与2003年5.9级地震的震源机制解比较发现,两次地震震源机制解结果基本一致,节面Ⅱ走向均为NW,且两次地震余震序列走向均为NW向展布,结合地质构造资料,判定两次地震的发震构造均为水泉子沟—天山口断裂。通过对2012年以来震源区及其附近区域的22个M_L≥3.5地震的可靠震源机制解的研究分析,发现通辽至阿鲁科尔沁旗一带震源机制解类型均为走滑型,应力场反演结果显示该区应力场受NNW向拉张和NEE向挤压联合作用,应力形因子R为0.7,表明近EW向的中间应力轴也具有拉张性质,构造环境以拉张作用为主。本次4.7级地震可能是在NNW向和近EW向拉张以及NEE向挤压的作用力下,水泉子沟—天山口断裂发生正走滑错动形成的一次中等强度地震。     

滇西南原-古特提斯演化研究

滇西南发育很好的特提斯地质记录,是研究原、古特提斯的热点地区.本文对保山板块至思茅地块之间的地层学、沉积学及岩浆岩地质记录,进行了历史大地构造分析,重建了该地区原、古特提斯的演化历史.原特提斯蛇绿混杂岩沿云县-勐海一线断续分布于临沧花岗岩基边部及内部,为原特提斯缝合造山带经古特提斯改造形成的残留体.原古特提斯形成于新元古代晚期,在寒武纪苗岭世晚期(～505Ma)开始发生俯冲,奥陶纪末期至志留纪初期(约450～442Ma)原特提斯洋盆及残余盆地因两侧陆块碰撞逐渐消失,主碰撞发生在志留纪早期(约442～430Ma),志留纪中期至石炭纪初期(430～355Ma)原特提斯造山带进入后碰撞伸展裂谷盆地演化阶段.泥盆纪早-中期,为古特提斯裂谷盆地演化阶段;古特提斯洋壳形成于泥盆纪晚期,于晚石炭世中期(～310Ma)向东发生俯冲,二叠纪末期(～253Ma)发生初始碰撞,主碰撞发生在二叠纪末期至中三叠世拉丁早期(约253～238Ma),拉丁晚期至侏罗纪早期(约238～196Ma)为后碰撞伸展演化阶段.滇西南古特提斯是在原特提斯后碰撞伸展裂谷盆地基础上演化形成,地幔柱活动可能起到重要作用.     

复杂介质小波多尺度井间地震层析成像方法研究

复杂介质井间地震层析成像是一个很复杂的非线性反 演问题，常规的线性化反演方法无法得到好的解. 采用基于图形的弯曲射线追踪方法， 并将小波多尺度思想引入到井间层析成像，提出了小波多尺度井间地震层析成像方法，很好 地解决了非线性成像的难题，提高了图像的质量和分辨率. 物理模型实验结果表明， 该方法适合于复杂介质成像，并具有良好的实用性和效果.     

Latest update of tests and improvements to US Coast Guard viscous oil pumping system

Over the past nine years, the US Coast Guard has incorporated the prevention through people (PTP) philosophy as a “human factors” approach to learn how maritime operations can be regulated safer and be more efficient by evaluating training, management policies, operational procedures, and establishing partnerships with the maritime industry. One of the key elements of applying a PTP approach is identifying and incorporating lessons learned from major marine casualties and pollution incidents. Since 1997, the US Coast Guard National Strike Force has responded to three major oil spills involving foreign freight vessels grounding, which included the removal of highly viscous oil using various lightering equipment and systems. An informal workgroup consisting of the US Coast Guard, US Navy Supervisor of Salvage (NAVSUPSALV), and various representatives from oil pollution clean-up companies met at the following facilities: the Chevron Asphalt Facility in Edmonds, WA (September 1999), the Oil and Hazardous Materials Simulated Environmental Test Tank (OHMSETT) testing facility in Leonardo, New Jersey (November 1999 and March 2000), the Alaska Clean Seas (ACS) warehouse annex in Prudhoe Bay, AK (October 2000), and Cenac Towing Company facility in Houma, LA (May 2002). The group shared ideas and techniques, and tested different pumps and hose lengths with viscous oil. It was during the early tests that the first quantitative results showed just how efficient lubricated transport of heavy oil product could be, and broadened the knowledge of such methods to the entire industry. Although this technology had existed for many years in the oil production and handling industry, its use had never been investigated in a laboratory setting with regard to salvage response lightering systems.     

Finite element equations and numerical simulation of elastic wave propagation in two—phase anisotropic media

Based on Biot theory of two-phase anisotropic media and Hamilton theory about dynamic problem,finite element equations of elastic wave propagation in two-phase anisotopic media are derived in this paper.Numerical solution of finite element equations is given.Finally,properties of elastic wave propagation are observed and analyzed through FEM modeling.     

The extent of chronic marine oil pollution in southeastern Newfoundland waters assessed through beached bird surveys 1984-1999

The Grand Banks south of Newfoundland provide year-round feeding habitat for tens of millions of seabirds of numerous species, an abundance and diversity unparalleled in the North Atlantic. Dense ship traffic routes traverse this productive environment as vessels travel the Great Circle Route between Europe and North America. Oiled seabirds have washed up on beaches in Newfoundland for many decades. Most oil on their feathers is heavy fuel oil mixed with lubricants, the mixture found in bilges of large vessels. Beached bird surveys conducted between 1984 and 1999 indicate that chronic oil pollution along the southeast coast of Newfoundland is among the highest in world. Sixty two percent of all dead birds found over the 16-year period had oil on their feathers; 74% during the last five years. Auks, especially Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia), are the most affected. The mean number of oiled birds per kilometer was 0.77 and thus higher than in other regions of the world during a comparable time period (0.02-0.33). Oiling rates correlated with weather patterns and degree of the regional murre hunt, indicate that illegal dumping of oil may occur year round, and point out that it is critical to assess all possible environmental and anthropogenic factors influencing the number of clean and oiled dead birds found on beaches before inferring trends in oiling rates over time.     

天然气水合物勘探开发新技术进展

天然气水合物是一种非常规能源,因其巨大的资源量成为目前能源研究的热点.水合物的研究目前仍处于初期阶段,人们在水合物勘探、开发模拟方面做了大量尝试,总结了许多有利于水合物勘探和开发的关键技术.本文首先介绍了天然气水合物形成的地质条件和储层特征,然后介绍了针对海底天然气水合物的地震勘探和电磁、地化等非地震勘探最新技术进展,分析了天然气水合物矿藏的测井响应特征,结合岩石物理模型对储层孔隙度、饱和度进行估算用于储量预测.最后,论述了天然气水合物开发过程中的深水区的钻井问题,水合物的开采方式总结以及商业化生产所面临的挑战.     

地震活动的内在随机性与地震预报

对奇妙的π值估算可以追溯到远古巴比伦时代、古埃及和古代中国。伟大的数学家阿基米德 (Archimedes)所建立的 π值理论估算在数学发展史上具有重要的历史地位 ,π值也与几何学中著名的 Buffon落针实验的概率问题相联系。 2 0 0 1年 8月 6日的 Nature Science UpdateHighlight以 PI Shared Fairly (http:/ / www.nature.com/ nsu/ 0 1 0 80 2 / 0 1 0 80 2 - 9.html)的科学热点为题 ,报道了近期数学界的 π值研究引发的“混乱 (Chaos)”。分析数论 [1 ]的相关研究表明 :任意随机选取的 2个整数 ,相对互素 (即除 1以外没有其它公约数 )…     

中国地震活动度图

本文介绍了利用我国丰富的地震资料,应用地震活动度定量描述地震活动性的方法,通过S值空间扫描计算,绘制的我国地震活动度等值线图。为定量表达地震活动的空间分布提供了一种新方法。     

气候条件对秋蚕产量的影响

本文通过对合川市1972－1996年秋蚕茧单产及总产与蚕期各时段气象因子进行的相关分析，找出与单、总产相关显著的气象因子，用逐步回归方法，将单、总产的气候波动产量与上述因子建立回归预测模式，据此可得出影响秋蚕产量的主要气象因子，同时可根据蚕期长期天气预报，预测出当年秋蚕发种量。通过讨论分析，提出合川市秋蚕出库发种时间庆从8月上旬调整为8月中旬至8月下旬前期。