印度Karnataka克拉通元古代Kaladgi石英砂岩中的微型剪切带

在印度Karnataka北部Lokapur地区的玻璃状石英岩中,可以观察到石英集合体在增加和连续应变环境中对变形作用的异常反应。细粒石英岩是斑状灰岩、石英岩和泥质岩多层序列中最强干的岩性单位,这一序列组成了双倾伏向斜构造,轴向为西-北西-东-南东,褶皱的幅度高波长短。与向斜轴向相切的异常层面破裂,可以清楚地在航空照片上识别出来。然而,石英集合体异常行为的表而显示在露头上是非常微弱的,因此,这儿应用了“微型剪切带”的概念。石英残斑显示的大量显微构造说明,在局部域中存在着复杂的变形作用环境。在显微薄片中识别出两组主要剪切面,其所夹锐角为65～70°,与优选定向方位的夹角为20°。沿剪切面分布的残斑显示出对变形作用反应的不一致性,而且部分地转变为新颗     

The cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa (Scleractinia) and enigmatic seabed mounds along the north-east Atlantic margin: are they related?

In this study, an updated distribution of Lophelia pertusa between the Porcupine Seabight and Norwegian shelf is presented. It seems unlikely that enigmatic mound structures observed at water depths of more than 570 m during acoustic seabed surveys, particularly to the west of the Shetland Islands, are related to the occurrence of L. pertusa. At these depths in the Faroe-Shetland Channel, the predominant influence of cold Arctic water precludes its growth. Iceberg dumpsites are also considered unlikely explanations for the origin of these mounds, and they are interpreted as most likely to be related to the release of fluids at the seabed. When mound structures were investigated, no scleractinian corals were recovered at water depths >500 m. This study shows the importance of seabed temperature as an environmental control on cold-water coral distribution. The significance of cold-water coral habitats in sustaining high levels of local-scale biodiversity is now becoming apparent in parallel with increased hydrocarbon extraction and fishing activity beyond the shelf edge. There is growing evidence that these areas have been marked by the passage of deep-water trawls. It seems likely that trawling activity has already reduced the extent of cold-water coral distribution in this region of the north-east Atlantic.     

前陆盆地的地层模式：逆冲变形和岩石圈流变的解释

为了预测在逆冲作用期间，产生于陆相前陆盆地中的地层形态和相模式，在数字模拟中结合了侵蚀和沉积作用。模拟结果的地层资料明显地表明，任何因相的退缩形成的阶梯层状的岩相组合，都可看作是一次逆冲事件的标志；相的退缩、盆地前缓隆起向逆冲断层方向迁移以及侵蚀不整合的出现是相辅成成的。以前，人们对前陆盆地在演化过程中所产生的盆地波长的改变，一直是用岩石圈粘弹性松弛的观点进行解释的。笔者则认为，盆地波长的改变主要     

REGRESSION ON MULTIVARIATE IMAGES:PRINCIPAL COMPONENT REGRESSION FOR MODELING,PREDICTION AND VISUAL DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS

Regression between two blocks(usually called‘dependent’or Y and‘independent’or X)of data is a veryimportant scientific and data-analytical tool.Regression on multivariate images is possible and constitutesa meaningful addition to existing univariate and multivariate techniques of image analysis.The regressioncan be used as a modeling tool or for prediction.The form of the regression equation chosen is dependentupon problem specification and information at hand.This paper describes the use of principal componentregression(PCR).Both model building and prediction are presented for continuous Y-variables.The finalgoal is to supply new image material that can be used for visual inspection on a screen.Also,visual toolsfor diagnosis of model and prediction are provided,often based on derived image material.Examplesof modeling and prediction are given for six channels in a seven-channel satellite image     

对地震预报赋予统计显著性的一些思考

在对“成功的”地震预报赋予统计显著性对，有许多潜在陷井，包括对地震姓的随机模型的敏感性问题，用于描述一次地震所用参数之间的相关性问题以及对预报的随机替代模型问题等。对这些困难没有简单的解决办法，但是很清楚的是：人们假定了地震的位置和大小是独立的，但如果它们不独立则可导致预报在统计上是显著的错误的印象，并且，主震在时间上（和空间上）符合泊松过程的假定可使偶然性预报上呈现显著而使有效预报统计上不显著，