Late Mesozoic Chresmodids with Forewing from Inner Mongolia, China (Polyneoptera: Archaeorthoptera)

Abstract: Three new species of Chresmodidae are described. They belong to two different genera: Chresmoda multinervis sp. nov., Chresmoda shihi sp. nov. and Jurachresmoda sanyica sp. nov.. A study of the forewing venation is provided. Longitudinal veins are mostly parallel; costal area is broad at the basal and narrowing distally; ScP is probably extending close to the wing apex; R is parallel at length to ScP; MA is running close to R, with two long parallel branches; MA branched-off basally; while MP is not branched until the middle of the wing. However, the important basal part of MP and CuP is poorly preserved. In addition, unique fringing hairs on the mid legs of C. shihi sp. nov. and J. sanyica sp. nov. are described and compared with Jurachresmoda gaskelli Zhang, Ren and Shih, 2008.     

Multiple-Element Matching Reservoir Formation and Quantitative Prediction of Favorable Areas in Superimposed Basins

<正>Superimposed basins in West China have experienced multi-stage tectonic events and multicycle hydrocarbon reservoir formation,and complex hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered widely in basins of this kind.Most of the complex hydrocarbon reservoirs are characterized by relocation,scale re-construction,component variation and phase state transformation,and their distributions are very difficult to predict.Research shows that regional caprock(C),high-quality sedimentary facies(Deposits,D),paleohighs(Mountain,M) and source rock(S) are four geologic elements contributing to complex hydrocarbon reservoir formation and distribution of western superimposed basins.Longitudinal sequential combinations of the four elements control the strata of hydrocarbon reservoir formation,and planar superimpositions and combinations control the range of hydrocarbon reservoir and their simultaneous joint effects in geohistory determine the time of hydrocarbon reservoir formation.Multiple-element matching reservoir formation presents a basic mode of reservoir formation in superimposed basins,and we recommend it is expressed as T-CDMS. Based on the multiple-element matching reservoir formation mode,a comprehensive reservoir formation index(Tcdms) is developed in this paper to characterize reservoir formation conditions, and a method is presented to predict reservoir formation range and probability of occurrence in superimposed basins.Through application of new theory,methods and technology,the favorable reservoir formation range and probability of occurrence in the Ordovician target zone in Tarim Basin in four different reservoir formation periods are predicted.Results show that central Tarim,Yinmaili and Lunnan are the three most favorable regions where Ordovician oil and gas fields may have formed.The coincidence of prediction results with currently discovered hydrocarbon reservoirs reaches 97%.This reflects the effectiveness and reliability of the new theory,methods and technology.     

Control of Facies and Potential on Jurassic Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Prediction of Favorable Targets in the Hinterland Region of the Junggar Basin

<正>Exploration practices show that the Jurassic System in the hinterland region of the Junggar Basin has a low degree of exploration but huge potential,however the oil/gas accumulation rule is very complicated,and it is difficult to predict hydrocarbon-bearing properties.The research indicates that the oil and gas is controlled by structure facies belt and sedimentary system distribution macroscopically,and hydrocarbon-bearing properties of sand bodies are controlled by lithofacies and petrophysical facies microscopically.Controlled by ancient and current tectonic frameworks,most of the discovered oil and gas are distributed in the delta front sedimentary system of a palaeo-tectonic belt and an ancient slope belt.Subaqueous branch channels and estuary dams mainly with medium and fine sandstone are the main reservoirs and oil production layers,and sand bodies of high porosity and high permeability have good hydrocarbon-bearing properties;the facies controlling effect shows a reservoir controlling geologic model of relatively high porosity and permeability.The hydrocarbon distribution is also controlled by relatively low potential energy at the high points of local structure macroscopically, while most of the successful wells are distributed at the high points of local structure,and the hydrocarbon-bearing property is good at the place of relatively low potential energy;the hydrocarbon distribution is in close connection with faults,and the reservoirs near the fault in the region of relatively low pressure have good oil and gas shows;the distribution of lithologic reservoirs at the depression slope is controlled by the distribution of sand bodies at positions of relatively high porosity and permeability.The formation of the reservoir of the Jurassic in the Junggar Basin shows characteristics of favorable facies and low-potential coupling control,and among the currently discovered reservoirs and industrial hydrocarbon production wells,more than 90%are developed within the scope of faciespotential index FPI0.5,while the FPI and oil saturation of the discovered reservoir and unascertained traps have relatively good linear correlation.By establishing the relation model between hydrocarbonbearing properties of traps and FPI,totally 43 favorable targets are predicted in four main target series of strata and mainly distributed in the Badaowan Formation and the Sangonghe Formation,and the most favorable targets include the north and east of the Shinan Sag,the middle and south of the Mobei Uplift,Cai-35 well area of the Cainan Oilfield,and North-74 well area of the Zhangbei fault-fold zone.     

辽宁宽甸石柱子杂岩体地质特征与成矿

石柱子杂岩体分布在辽东宽甸地区东部,大地构造位于中朝准地台胶辽台拱与太子河凹陷接触带附近,锆石U-Pb法同位素年龄为129Ma,侵位时代为中生代早白垩世。按照侵入岩岩石单位的划分原则,由早期到晚期划分为大砬子沟石英闪长岩、振江花岗闪长岩、赤榆顶子二长花岗岩。成因类型为I型花岗岩类,为幔源岩浆成因的钙碱性岩石系列侵入岩,岩浆由中性向酸性演化,演化趋势明显,构成了完整的演化序列。成岩环境为大陆边缘活动带型钙碱性岩石系列侵入岩。石柱子杂岩体周围的金、铜、钼、铅、锌、铁矿床及矿(化)点的形成是由石柱子杂岩体提供矿质源及热源。     

青海省祁连县清水沟-白柳沟矿田含矿火山岩系年代学研究

研究区位于北祁连山西段,区内出露有南北2个火山穹窿,分别为南侧的清水沟—香子沟火山穹窿和北侧的大柳沟—白柳沟火山穹窿;北侧穹窿中已发现的矿床均产出于穹窿周边,而南侧穹窿中目前发现的矿床产出于穹窿的中心,研究认为矿床与火山穹窿关系十分密切。矿田中铜多金属矿床均产出于酸性火山岩中, LA ICP MS单颗粒锆石U Pb测年,获得含矿酸性火山岩成岩年龄为（502.6±3.1）Ma,表明清水沟—白柳沟矿田成岩成矿时代为中寒武世,含矿火山岩系形成环境为大陆裂谷环境,是新元古代Rodinia超大陆裂解作用的产物。     

基于MODIS数据的朝鲜半岛土地利用变化信息提取

以朝鲜半岛为研究区域, 基于2000年和2007年的MOD IS数据, 应用线性光谱混合模型进行像元组分分解并提取分类特征, 对像元组分分解后有错分的地物类型结合纹理进行分析, 以决策树模型进行土地利用分类。结果表明, 像元组分分解后的决策树分类结果总体精度达78.346 5% , Kappa系数达0.681 3。与像元组分分解前最大似然法和决策树分类结果相比, 决策树分类精度优于最大似然法, 且像元组分分解方法提高了分类精度。经2000年和2007年像元组分分解后的决策树分类结果对比: 朝鲜耕地面积增加; 韩国耕地面积减少, 居民地面积增加。     

西南喀斯特地区几种主要土地覆被下土壤CO2-C通量研究

中国西南喀斯特地区土壤营养元素流失形势严峻,揭示不同土地覆被下土壤CO2-C的释放规律,是认识喀斯特这一特殊环境诸多营养元素循环问题的一个重要途径。采用静态箱-气相色谱法对贵州喀斯特地区4种不同土地覆被下的土壤CO2-C释放通量进行观测研究。结果表明,（1）不同的土地覆被下土壤CO2-C释放通量有显著的差别,其释放顺序为：森林（（134．1±78．8）mg／（m^2·h））〉次生林（（70．8±122．3）mg／（m^2·h））〉玉米地（（55．5±78．0）mg／（m^2·h）1〉烧荒地（（35．5±91．4）mg／（m^2·h））。各样点季节变化都比较明显,夏季平均排放量最高,冬季最低。（2）凋落物对森林土壤CO2-C释放的影响较大,有凋落物覆盖的土壤CO2-C释放量（（134．1±78．8）mg／（m^2·h））高于无凋落物覆盖的林地土壤（（111．2±80．3）mg／（m^2·h））,凋落物分解对森林土壤CO2-C释放总量的贡献约占17％。基于地面气温,计算得出森林和森林（无凋落物）的研。分别为1．92、2．10。（3）除次生林和烧荒地外,其余各样地CO2-C释放通量均与土壤各层温度呈显著正相关关系,但绝大多数样地与土壤湿度（WFPS）之间相关性不显著。     

临洪河口现代沉积环境及重金属元素的分布特征

对江苏北部临洪河口不同区域的表层与柱状沉积物进行了粒度分析、石英颗粒表面微细结构和沉积物的测年分析以及沉积物中的重金属含量分析．将河口划分为不同的沉积环境区．探讨了不同沉积环境中沉积物的粒度分布、石英颗粒表面微细结构、沉积速率以及重金属元素分布差异的原因。结果显示,临洪河口可以划分为低潮滩上的波浪与潮流强烈混合作用区、高潮滩上的弱潮流作用区、口门附近的潮流与河流强烈混合作用区和河道内河流与潮流弱混合作用区。重金属的含量在柱样的30～40cm深度呈现向表层递增的趋势,Hg的污染比较严重．其他元素基本无污染,整个河口区域的生态危害性严重;沉积物粒度分布不是该区域重金属分布的主要影响因素,城市污水排放量增加、氧化还原层位、沉降方式和不同沉积区的水动力环境是影响本区域重金属元素分布和累积的主要原因。     

晚三叠世鄂尔多斯盆地湖盆沉积中心厚层砂体特征及形成机制分析

晚三叠世延长组长6、长7油层组沉积期鄂尔多斯盆地湖盆中部深水区稳定发育厚层砂岩,局部地区连续厚度可达上百米。在盆地西南沉积体系,巨型砂带北西—南东向平行于相带界线展布,与三角洲前缘砂体呈现出“断根”的现象;在东北沉积体系,砂带围绕三角洲呈群状、带状分布。厚层砂体成因复杂,总体上可称作深水重力流—牵引流沉积复合体,包括滑塌砂体、砂质碎屑流砂体、浊积砂体、三角洲砂体及底流改造砂体5种成因类型,其中以重力流沉积组合为主,但白豹及其北部主要为三角洲沉积夹重力流沉积。不同成因的砂体纵向叠加,横向复合连片形成了稳定分布、规模宏大的砂带。厚层砂体的形成、展布方向、分布范围主要受控于沉积物的供给速率、湖盆底形及构造活动等因素。     

黄河中游晋陕峡谷段全新世晚期洪水滞流沉积研究

通过对黄河晋陕峡谷的深入调查研究,在延长永和县河段发现了典型的全新世晚期洪水滞流沉积剖面。在野外考察中,对沉积物的宏观特征和沉积环境及其分布特征进行观察,并进行了系统采样。在实验室对沉积物样品进行了粒度成分、磁化率、烧失量、CaCO3含量等测定。通过综合分析论证,表明黄河中游晋陕峡谷全新世晚期洪水滞流沉积物以粉砂为主,细砂含量次之,粘粒含量很少,分选性好,磁化率很低。其沉积学分类为细砂质粉砂,是黄河洪水悬移质泥沙在高水位滞流环境下的沉积物。将其与典型的全新世风成黄土和古土壤进行对比,可知其粒度成分比黄土和古土壤更粗,粒级分布更为集中。此外,将其与延河郭家川全新世洪水滞流沉积物对比,发现其粒度频率分布基本相似。该研究结果对于揭示黄河中游洪水水文泥沙特性及其历史演变具有重要意义。