海洋磁力测量中多站地磁日变改正基值归算

海洋磁力测量多站日变改正时,为了减小磁场水平差异的影响,需要进行地磁日变基值归算。分析了地磁日变化时空分布特点,研究了地磁日变基值对多站地磁日变改正时磁测的影响,提出了多站地磁日变基值归算方法。经地磁日变同步观测数据验证表明：一定空间范围内,各站地磁日变数据日平均值基本上呈同步变化,利用此方法归算得到的分站地磁日变基值稳定。     

温度、氮浓度和氮磷比对长心卡帕藻(Kappaphycus alvarezii)吸收氮速率的影响

分别在室内培养箱、海滨室外跑道池和不同自然海区,通过一次性和半连续添加营养、以及检测海区水质和藻体生长的方法,研究了不同氮浓度、温度和氮磷比条件下,长心卡帕藻氮吸收速率的变化和氮吸收速率随时间变化,以及栽培该藻的环境生态贡献。小型实验、中试放大和海区规模栽培结果表明:(1)在10—50μmol/L范围内,该藻吸收氮速率随氮浓度增加而增大;(2)当氮浓度一定时,氮磷比在1—50范围内对该藻吸收氮速率没有产生显著影响(P>0.05);(3)温度对该藻吸收氮速率有显著影响(P<0.05),其中温度在28℃时氮的吸收速率最高;(4)尽管一次性添加营养实验中长心卡帕藻吸收氮速率随时间变化表现出先快后慢的趋势,但是进一步的半连续添加营养实验证实,导致吸收速率下降系底物氮浓度限制,而不是藻本身吸收能力下降,结果还显示卡帕藻具有连续吸收同化无机氮能力;在自然光温度变化和不受底物浓度限制条件下,该藻藻体去除无机氮效率最大维持在0.3μmol/(gFW·h);(5)海南陵水黎安海湾水质数据显示,栽培该藻去除海水富营养化和净化水质作用显著,其去除海水富营养化的年贡献为33t氮素。     

Characteristics and evolution of lacustrine turbidite of Chang-7 Member of Yanchang Formation in northern Shaanxi

Lacustrine turbidite of Chang-7 Member in the studied area consists of sihstone and fine sandstone with respect to grain size, which is feldspathic lithie sandstone, syrosem arkose and arkose with respect to mineral constitution affected by provenance. There are such apparent signatures as lithology, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and well logs, to recognize turbidite. During the paleogeographic evolution of Chang-7 Member, lake basin and deep lake are both at their maximum extent during Chang-73 stage, resulting in the deposition of Zhangjiatan shale with widespread extent and of turbidite with fragmental-like. Deep lake line is gradually moving toward lake center and turbidite sand bodies are gradually turning better with better lateral continuity, connectivity and more thickness, from stages of Chang-73, Chang-72 and Chang-7t, which can be favorable reservoir in deep-water.     

数据库与实测数据融合实现对深海跃层的快速估算

海洋跃层的快速估计对于环境的态势评估具有重要意义,跃层估计的精度和估计所用时间是两个主要评估要素.基于实测的温度、密度和LEVITUS数据库中的温度、密度进行融合来对跃层进行快速估计,可通过实测数据对数据库的数据进行补充和修正,然后利用修正后的数据对跃层进行快速评估.结果表明,该方法可以大幅度地缩短跃层估计的时间和提高...     

3种植物激素对螺旋藻生长和代谢产物含量的影响

用单因素分析法研究6一苄基氨基嘌呤(6-BA)、萘乙酸(NAA)和赤霉素(GA)3种植物激素对螺旋藻生长和代谢产物含量的影响.结果显示,添加NAA(0.4 mg/L)和GA(1.0 mg/L)分别使钝顶螺旋藻(Speruli-na pzatensis)和极大螺旋藻(Spirulina maximum)生物量达到最大值,与对照相比提高了49.1%和65.2%,比生长速率增加了66.7%和28.6%.同样,激素可以显著地影响螺旋藻的代谢产物含量.对于钝顶螺旋藻,GA(0.1 mg/L)使胞外总糖含量增加5倍;GA(0.3 mg/L)使胞内总糖含量提高5倍;6-BA(0.2 mg/L)使胞内蛋白含量提高27.8%;NAA(0.2 111g/L)使SOD酶比活力提高3.47倍.对于极大螺旋藻,GA(0.3 nlg/L)使胞外总糖含量增加1.32倍,使胞内总糖含量提高2倍;NAA(1.6mg/L)使胞内蛋白含量提高66.7%,6-BA(1.6 mg/L)使SOD酶比活力提高3.47倍.因此植物激素对螺旋藻生长和代谢产物合成有明显的促进作用,该结果为高密度规模化生产奠定基础.     

从对立到融合：日本的都农关系及都市农业演变研究

把空间概念“都”与产业类别“农”融于一体的“都农关系”,是日本近70年来社会经济发展的重要议题之一。基于对中国城市化发展进入都市化高级阶段,以及乡村振兴亟需多类型化实施的认识背景,对日本都农关系的演变进行历史梳理,划分出都农分离、都农共生和都农融合3个阶段,并从社会经济宏观背景变化的视角说明阶段递进的原因。同时把都市农业视为都农关系的表征,分析其在农户结构、种植结构和功能结构上的系列响应。在此基础上,援引制度学派的基本原理,探索日本都农关系从对立走向融合的制度变迁机理。本文认为,都农融合是不可逆转的潮流,因此有必要把“都农关系”转化为中国的政策性概念,强化从都市区视角处理城乡融合创新发展问题。建设具有中国特色的都农融合和都市农业发展体系,需要一系列的制度创新,也亟需学术界主动的理论探索。     

Resonance transition periodic orbits in the circular restricted three-body problem

This work studies a special type of cislunar periodic orbits in the circular restricted three-body problem called resonance transition periodic orbits, which switch between different resonances and revolve about the secondary with multiple loops during one period. In the practical computation, families of multiple periodic orbits are identified first, and then the invariant manifolds emanating from the unstable multiple periodic orbits are taken to generate resonant homoclinic connections, which are used to determine the initial guesses for computing the desired periodic orbits by means of multiple-shooting scheme. The obtained periodic orbits have potential applications for the missions requiring long-term continuous observation of the secondary and tour missions in a multi-body environment.     

不同海域沉积物对尿素吸附的实验模拟研究

本文对采自渤海、黄海和东海3个典型海域的沉积物进行了尿素吸附/解吸的实验室模拟研究,用Freundlich吸附模型和Henry吸附模型分析了不同沉积物对尿素吸附的热力学特性,并研究了温度、沉积物粒径、有机质含量等因素对尿素在沉积物表面吸附的影响。结果表明,沉积物对尿素的吸附/解吸过程总体呈现3个阶段:快速吸附阶段（0~5 h）—慢速吸附阶段（5~12 h）—平衡阶段（12 h之后）。当水体中的尿素浓度较低时,沉积物解吸释放尿素,随着上覆水中尿素浓度逐渐增加,沉积物对上覆水中的尿素产生吸附行为,各海区沉积物对尿素的吸附能力由强至弱依次为渤海、东海、黄海,这可能与沉积物的类型有关。Freundlich方程和Henry方程均可模拟沉积物对尿素的吸附,温度、粒径以及沉积物中有机质含量等因素均对尿素在沉积物上的吸附产生影响,随着温度升高,尿素在沉积物上的吸附量变小,沉积物粒径越小,有机质含量越高,吸附尿素的能力越强,因此,揭示尿素在沉积物表面的环境行为时,必须考虑以上因素的影响。     

基于物理特征的平面流场拓扑简化算法

基于网格合并思想实现的平面流场拓扑简化,存在物理特征被忽略和并行实现困难的问题,难以满足远程可视化的要求。文中提出1种基于物理特征的平面流场拓扑简化算法。算法通过计算生成平面流场的物理特征参数图像,利用图像分割提取平面流场的特征区域达到流场简化的目的。实验结果表明,算法能从物理特征和宏观的角度出发快速、准确描述平面流场的拓扑结构,为平面流场可视化提供了1种新方法。     

Simultaneous quantification of greenhouse gas and nitric oxide emissions from subtropical conventional vegetable systems: a 2-site field case study in Sichuan Basin

Quantification of greenhouse gases[nitrous oxide(N₂O)and methane(CH₄)]and nitric oxide(NO)emissions from subtropical conventional vegetable systems through multi-site field measurements are needed to obtain accurate regional and global estimates.N2 O,NO and CH4 emissions from subtropical conventional vegetable systems were simultaneously measured at two different sites with hilly topography in the Sichuan basin,southwest China by using the static chamber gas chromatography technique.Results showed that annual soil N₂O and NO fluxes for the treatment receiving N fertilizer ranged from 6.34-7.71 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1 and 0.69-0.85 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1,respectively,while decreased soil CH4 uptakes by 26.4%as compared with no N fertilizer addition across our two sites of experiment.Overall,the average direct N2 O and NO emission factor(EFd)were 0.71%and 0.12%,respectively,which were both lower than the available EFd for subtropical conventional vegetable systems.This finding indicates that current regional and global estimates of N₂O and NO emissions from vegetable fields are likely overestimated.Background N₂O emissions(3.42-3.62 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1)from the subtropical conventional vegetable systems were relatively high as compared with available field measurements worldwide,suggesting that background N₂O emissions cannot be ignored for regional estimate of N₂O emissions in subtropical region.Nevertheless,the significantly intra-and inter-annual variations in N₂O,CH₄ and NO emissions were also observed in the present study,which could be explained by temporal variations of environmental variables(i.e.soil temperature and moisture).The differences in N₂O and NO EFd and CH₄emissions between various vegetable systems in particular under subtropical conditions should be taken into account when compiling regional or global inventories and proposing mitigation practices.