一种准确通用的台风路径预报模式

应用天气学理论,对台风云图的晴空区轴线制约台风移动的规律进行物理解释。根据台风云团与晴空区之间存在的干、湿梯度力和推动台风前进的惯性力的互相关系,建立台风移向预报方程和轨迹预报方程,分析论证了台风移向变化的物理过程,把影响台风移动的复杂因子转化为单一的预报因子。     

川中地区中二叠统栖霞组滩控岩溶型白云岩储层特征及主控因素

四川盆地中部地区栖霞组的白云岩是该区主要储层,储层成因的主流观点是热液白云岩化.目前勘探实践发现,优质储渗体形成与早期相控岩溶作用有关.通过取芯及测录井资料进行了详细分析,研究结果表明,该类白云岩储层主要位于栖霞组中上部颗粒滩发育的地层中,按其宏微观产出状态可分为溶斑状云岩、溶洞充填云岩、针孔状基质云岩和致密基质云岩....     

Effects of Hypoxia on Dopamine Concentration and the Immune Response of White Shrimp （Litopenaeus vannamei）

Effects of hypoxia on the dopamine concentration and the immune response of White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were studied. The results showed that hypoxia had significant effects on the concentration of dopamine (DA) in the haemolymph, haemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, phagocytic activity of haemocytes and bacteriolytic and antibacterial activity in the haemolvmph (P<0.05). The concentration of the dopamine in haemolymph reached its maximum in the 3.0 and 1.5mgL-1 DO groups at 12h and 6h, and then returned to normal after 24h and 12h, respectively. All immune parameters decreased with the reduction of dissolved oxygen. Total haemocyte count (THC), the hyaline cells and semi-granular cells in the 3.0mgL-1 DO group became stable after 12h,while granular cells did so after 24h, The THC and different haemocyte count (DHC) in the 1.5mgL-1 DO group became stable alter 24h. Phenoloxidase activity and bacteriolytic activity in the 3.0 and 1.5mgL-1 DO groups reached their stable levels after 24 h and 12 h respectively, while phagocytic activity and antibacterial activity became stable after 24 and 12, and 36 and 24 It, respec-tively. It was also indicated that the changes of dopamine concentrations in haemolymph, haemocyte count and phenoloxidase activ-ity were obviously related to the exposure time under hypoxic conditions.     

基于聚二甲基硅氧烷胶与Zn-Al型水滑石复合膜为离子载体的溶解二氧化碳电极及其性能标定

深海探测溶解CO2气体异常.可以为寻找热液口提供一个很好的证据.本文设计的基于自制的聚二甲基硅氧烷胶与Zn-Al型水滑石复合膜为离子载体的溶解CO2探测电极属于电势型CO2电极,适用于对深海中溶解形式的CO2的测量,具有体积微小、便于与pH、盐度、温度、氧化还原电位等多种传感器集成在同一探头腔内,实施在线探测等优点.实验室条件下.将该溶解CO2探测电极与银,氯化银参比电极分别接在Keithley 6517A高阻抗电位计输入端进行测试,测试结果表明:该电极对不同浓度的碳酸氢钠溶液具有良好的响应信号,响应时间大约在30s-1 min.检测限在10-1-10-4mol·L-1.     

近岸海浪、风暴潮及海啸灾害远程实时监测系统的现场试验及应用

利用自主研发的近岸海浪、风暴潮及海啸灾害远程实时监测系统,在广东省阳江市闸坡附近海域进行了远程实时监测试验.文章介绍了监测系统的组成,对2007年9月1日-10月3日的观测记录进行了分析,计算出台风增水、波高和波周期,采用低通滤波方法获得重力外波.实验结果表明,研发的近岸海浪、风暴潮及海啸灾害远程实时监测系统可供实际推广应用.     

未知DEM下的机载SAR图像几何校正方法研究

针对机载环境复杂,不确定因素众多,与图像相对应的DEM不能精确获得等影响校正的不利因素,研究基于先验条件而不依赖DEM的机载SAR图像几何校正方法.从产生畸变的原理和校正过程的本质出发,将不同的几何校正理论在成像原理层面进行统一;在此基础上,分析精确校正所需要的条件,并提出当条件不能满足时的基于统计模型的几何校正方法;继而提出基于不同先验条件的校正方案决策模型.仿真实验及基于配准区域的保真度评价结果验证了所提方法的有效性.     

港域波浪数学模型的改进与验证

通过物理模型对改进的港内波浪传播变形数学模型进行验证。该数学模型以推广的时变缓坡方程为控制方程,采用含松弛因子的ADI法求解,并对波浪反射和透射边界模拟方法进行改进。先通过物理模型试验确定斜向浪入射条件下抛石防波堤前的波浪反射系数,作为数学模型中部分反射边界模拟的依据。然后进行了一个典型港口内波浪折射、绕射和反射的模型试验,测量港内波浪分布。对比模型试验和数学模型计算的结果表明,数学模型可较好地模拟港内复杂地形和边界条件下规则波和不规则波的传播变形。     

Sediment texture and grain-size implications: the Changjiang subaqueous delta

Sediment cores were collected from the subaqueous delta of the Changjiang Estuary. Sediment grain-size profiles and their fractal dimensions were analyzed, to elucidate responses to long-term sedimentary processes. In addition, the environmental sensitive populations of grain size have been extracted. The sediment cores can be divided into two parts, according to the sedimentary structures present. The upper part (0-12 cm) is interpreted as being the active layer, which is influenced frequently by changes i...     

The black water around the Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary in the spring of 2003

The Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary is located in the East China Sea shelf with shallow water. Affected by the tide mixing and the runoff of the Changjiang River and the Qiantang River, the turbidity is very high. Generally, the water-leaving radiance is high in the turbid water because of the large particle scattering. Based on the in-situ data and ocean color remote sensing data of SeaWiFS, it was found that there was a black water region with the normalized water-leaving radiances less than 0.5 mW/(cm2·μm2·...     

利用卫星云图资料制作热带气旋预报路径的一种算法

根据台风生成后在云场中移动的环境条件,引入一个环境作用于台风中心的热力梯度力方向,用该热力梯度力方向与当前台风的移动方向相结合,研究台风移动过程的变化规律,寻找一种简易可行的台风路径预报方法．经过多年实践,本文揭示出台风中心未来沿着当前移动方向与环境作用于台风中心的热力方向合成移动的基本规律：当前台风中心移向与前方晴空区中轴线相交时,台风沿着当前移向前进到与阻挡轴线相交点相距4个纬距的位置时便发生偏转,逐渐与阻挡轴线走向趋于一致;若当前台风中心距相交点的距离小于或等于4个纬距时,则从当前位置发生偏转．文中利用以上规律研制出台风移向变化方程和移动轨迹方程．