计划与制定勘探程序

为寻找有实际意义的矿床,编写地质勘探计划,和确定勘探程序,就找矿小组而言,要求完成一些必要的基本活动.无论找矿小组是隶属于私人公司还是国家机构,也无论所找的是什么矿种或是在什么地区勘探,均须如此. 简单地说,要完成的工作包括: (1)规定勘探计划的目标.要找什么矿?     

石榴石表面的颤动痕可作为古沉积物冰川作用的指示

引言观察曾经历过冰川搬运的石榴石,可见到这些石榴石颗粒表面具有特殊的颤动痕,而非冰川搬运的石榴石却未见有这种特殊的痕迹。技术的应用正如Folk(1975),Gravenor,Mclelwain和Stupavsky (1978)和Gravenor(1979)所指出,未变动的具颤动擦痕的石榴石与冰川搬运距离具有函数关系。如     

根据激发极化数据估计硫化物含量

在四个斑岩铜矿床露天采掘坑中,对99处各种岩石和各种类型蚀变带上,进行了157次相位和电阻率测量,并从这些地方取回岩样在室内进行了化学分析,研究其蚀变特征和矿化特征,还确定了其硫化物含量.所得结果总地讲,随硫化物含量的增高,电阻率值降低,相位滞后增大.测得的数据很分散,无法总结出有用的规律.但如果取其相位与电阻率的比值,则可以使数据的分散性减小.因此,在许多情况下,可以用相位与电阻率的比值来确定硫化物的含量.其数理基础如下. 百分频率效应(PFE)和金属传导因数(MCF)的     

湖泊沉积物研究和利用的新见解

近几年来,苏联坚持不懈地和定向地实行自然资源合理利用和环境保护的措施。特别是湖泊天然资源的利用问题更为迫切,因为它对于发展渔业、提供动力和水源,灌溉农田以及寻找沉积矿床等具有重要的国民经济意义。在解决许多实际问题时,应用古植物学方法进行古地理研究具有重要的作用。     

巨早型星系的近红外谱合成

在8000至8670的波长范围内,利用一个由144颗恒星光谱组成的光谱厍,我们对57个巨椭圆和S0星系(M_B<-21)的光谱和它们的平均光谱进行了光谱合成.这个光谐库包括了光谱型为G,K和M的巨星和矮星,它具有的金属丰度[Fe/H]覆盖了-0.1到-0.5的范围,表面重力log g为1.0至5.0.光谱合成的结果表明:巨椭圆和S0星系的金属丰度约为太阳的一倍半;有效表面重力分布在3.2—4.1的范围内;矮星在8400附近光的贡献可与巨星相比较.     

Construction of Vertical Wind Profile from Satellite-Derived Winds for Objective Analysis of Wind Field

During summer Monex-79, a variety of observing systems viz. research ships, research aircrafts, constant pressure balloons and geostationary satellite etc. were deployed, besides the regular conventional observations. The purpose of these additional systems was to make the best possible data for the studies on various aspects of monsoon circulation. The present study is aimed at the construction of vertical wind profile using cloud motion vectors obtained from GOES (I-O) satellite and to examine whether the constructed wind profiles improves the representation of the monsoon system, flow pattern etc. in the objective analysis. For this purpose, climatological normals of the wind field are considered as the initial guess and the objective analyses of the wind field are made with, first using only data from conventional observations over land areas, subsequently including the constructed winds from cloud motion vectors. These analyses are then compared with the standard analyses of wind field obtained fro     

Temperatures and Winds over Tropical Middle Atmosphere during Two Contrasting Summer Monsoons, 1975 and 1979

Using the monthly geopotential heights and winds for 700 and 200 hPa for India during July and August, and the weekly M-100 Soviet rocketsonde temperature and wind data for Thumba (8.5 ° N, 76.9 ° E) during the last week of June and the first week of September for the two contrasting summer monsoon years 1975 (a very strong monsoon year) and 1979 (a very weak monsoon year), a study has been made to examine the mean circulation features of the troposphere over India, and the structures of the temperatures and the winds of the middle atmosphere over Thumba. The study suggested that the axis of the monsoon trough (AMT) at 700 hPa shifted southward in 1975 and northward towards the foothills of the Himalayas in 1979, from its normal position. Superimposed on the low-pressure area (AMT) at 700 hPa, a well-defined divergence was noticed at 200 hPa over the northern India in 1975.The mean temperatures at 25,50 and 60 km (middle atmosphere) over Thumba were cooler in 1975 than in 1979. While a cooling trend i     

大陸漂流过吗?

自从伊丽莎白一世女王的医生威廉·吉尔勃特以来,人们就已经知道了在地球的中心,好像有一个巨大的磁铁在起着作用。正是由于这个中心磁铁发挥了磁力,才使罗盤磁针指向接近于地理北方,才使航海员能够利用罗盤来指导航行。     

Effects of hydrocarbon contamination on a free living marine nematode community: results from microcosm experiments

Anthropogenic inputs of crude and refined petroleum hydrocarbons into the sea require knowledge of the effects of these contaminants on the receiving assemblages of organisms. A microcosm experiment was carried out to study the influence of diesel on a free living nematode community of a Tunisian lagoon. Sediments were contaminated by diesel that ranged in concentration from 0.5 to 20 mg diesel kg⁻¹ dry weight (dw), and effects were examined after 90 days. Gradual changes in community structure were revealed depending on the quantity of diesel administrated. In the medium (1 mg diesel kg⁻¹ and 5 mg diesel kg⁻¹ (dw)) and high (10 mg diesel kg⁻¹, 15 mg diesel kg⁻¹ and 20 mg kg⁻¹ (dw)) treated microcosms, most univariate measures, including diversity and species richness, decreased significantly with increasing level of diesel contamination whereas nematode assemblage from the low treated microcosm (0.5 mg diesel kg⁻¹ (dw)) remained unaffected. Results from multivariate analyses of the species abundance data demonstrated that responses of nematode species to the diesel treatments were varied: Chaetonema sp. was eliminated at all doses tested and seemed to be intolerant species to diesel contamination; Pomponema sp. and Oncholaimus campylocercoïdes were significantly affected at all diesel contamination levels but they were not eliminated, these species were categorized as “diesel-sensitive”; Hypodontolaimus colesi, Daptonema trabeculosum and Daptonema fallax which significantly increased respectively at 0.5, 1 and 5 mg diesel kg⁻¹ (dw) concentrations and appeared to be “opportunistic” species at these doses whereas Marylynnia stekhoveni which increased at all high doses (10, 15 and 20 mg diesel kg⁻¹ (dw)) seemed to be a “diesel-resistant” species.