Mechanical and low-cycle fatigue behavior of stainless reinforcing steel for earthquake engineering applications

Use of stainless reinforcing steel (SRS) in reinforced concrete (RC) structures is a promising solution to corrosion issues. However, for SRS to be used in seismic applications, several mechanical properties need to be investigated. These include specified and actual yield strengths, tensile strengths, uniform elongations and low-cycle fatigue behavior. Three types of SRSs (Talley S24100, Talley 316LN and Talley 2205) were tested and the results are reported in this paper. They were compared with the properties of A706 carbon reinforcing steel (RS), which is typical for seismic applications, and MMFX II, which is a high strength, corrosion resistant RS. Low-cycle fatigue tests of the RS coupons were conducted under strain control with constant amplitude to obtain strain life models of the steels. Test results show that the SRSs have slightly lower moduli of elasticity, higher uniform elongations before necking, and better low-cycle fatigue performance than A706 and MMFX II. All five types of RSs tested satisfy the requirements of the ACI 318 code on the lower limit of the tensile to yield strength ratio. Except Talley 2205, the other four types of RSs investigated meet the ACI 318 requirement that the actual yield strength does not exceed the specified yield strength by more than 18 ksi (124 MPa). Among the three types of SRSs tested, Talley S24100 possesses the highest uniform elongation before necking, and the best low-cycle fatigue performance.     

Investigation of the SA evolution by using the CHAOS-4 model over 1997–2013

The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the geomagnetic secular acceleration(SA) are investigated, based on CHAOS-4 core field model during the period of 1997–2013. The SA evolution on a short time scale is associated with the phenomenon of the geomagnetic jerk. More details of the global extent and the occurrence time of the successive jerks(the 1999, 2003, 2007, and 2011 jerks) are obtained. The location, size and reversed polarity pattern for the 1999 jerk are similar to those for the 2003 jerk in the Asian-Indian sector. While the 2007 and 2011 jerks mainly take place in the Atlantic sector. The direction and speed of the shift for the four jerks are different, identified by the occurrence time of the jerks. The zonal motions of the SA patches exhibit an oscillation pattern in the Asian-Indian sector, whereas a purely westward drifting pattern is along the equator in the Atlantic sector. It is believed that the shift of the jerks is related to the motion of SA-B_r patches observed at the core-mantle boundary(CMB).     

影响或控制平昌县地质灾害发育的因素分析

通过对四川平昌县滑坡、崩塌等地质灾害发育发育情况的介绍,分析了影响或控制该县地质灾害发育的因素。     

Monitoring ground surface deformation over the North China Plain using coherent ALOS PALSAR differential interferograms

North China Plain (Huabei Plain) is one of the most densely populated regions on earth. Due to excessive underground water extraction, the North China Plain has been experiencing severe ground deformation over the last three decades. Therefore, for the purpose of hazard mitigation, it is necessary to monitor the ground displacement occurred in this region. As an extension of the differential radar interferometry (DInSAR) technique, advanced DInSAR techniques involving multiple images have demonstrated the potential to effectively map ground displacement. Such techniques are able to measure the temporal evolution of ground deformation with millimetre-level accuracy by using a stack of differential interferograms. In this study, the ALOS PALSAR data acquired over the North China Plain, which cover an area of approximately 16,000 km $^2$ , were processed based on the concept of advanced DInSAR techniques. Because of the large size of the PALSAR images, a targeted processing strategy was designed. This strategy is able to reduce required disk storage space and I/O operations, leading to the improvement of the computational efficiency. The resulting mean deformation velocity map demonstrates that a large portion of the area covered by the data was affected by various degrees of ground deformation between January 2007 and April 2010. The ground deformation is mostly distributed in rural areas, while the downtown areas are generally stable.     

沿淮地区秋季连阴雨综合指数构建及其变化特征

基于安徽省沿淮地区10个国家气象站1960-2019年观测资料、灾情资料和7种地方连阴雨监测指标,在评估7种地方指标适用性的基础上,采用加权综合指数法和线性趋势法,构建了沿淮地区秋季连阴雨综合指数,分析了时空变化特征。结果表明:江苏指标对沿淮地区连阴雨监测的适用性最好,连阴雨综合指数由连阴雨总日数、连阴雨总降水量线性组成,权重分别为0.8和0.2。按照综合指数,将连阴雨强度分成重度、中度、轻度3级,分级结果与灾情实况较吻合,重度连阴雨和中度连阴雨TS评分分别为100%、88.9%。秋季连阴雨在20世纪70年代到80年代前期及近10年发生频率高、强度大,尤其是2016年和2017年的连阴雨,强度居历史前2位。沿淮地区连阴雨年数东部和西部的多于中部的,重度连阴雨阜南的最多,五河的最少。     

内蒙古林西地区上二叠统林西组叶肢介化石的发现及意义

前人对林西县上二叠统林西组和扎鲁特旗陶海营子组进行过长期研究,发现较多淡水双壳类和植物化石,而叶肢介化石仅在陶海营子组有所发现。本次研究在内蒙古林西县官地剖面林西组的中上部首次发现叶肢介化石,经初步鉴定为林西黄河叶肢介（新种）等3个属种。叶肢介化石的发现为林西组时代的进一步确定、地层对比和古地理重建提供了可靠的化石依据,具有重要的地层学和古地理古构造学意义。     

Determination of groundwater recharge regime and flowpath in the Lower Heihe River basin in an arid area of Northwest China by using environmental tracers: Implications for vegetation degradation in the Ejina Oasis

Environmental tracers (CFCs, stable isotopes ¹⁸O, ²H, and ³H) and major ions were employed to study river infiltration and groundwater recharge in the aquifer system in the basin of the Lower Heihe River, Northwest China. Three groups of waters have been recognized: (1) young groundwater, connected to the river, with large variation of CFC apparent ages ranging from <10 a to 40 a, and δ¹⁸O and δ²H values which are similar to the river water; (2) regional background water, unaffected by the river, having CFC apparent ages >40 a, and being depleted in ¹⁸O and ²H compared with the river water; and (3) groundwater in Gurinai, a grassland located about 100 km from the river, in which the predominant discharge is from the Badain Jaran desert, with CFC apparent ages ranging from 25 to >50 a and being enriched in ¹⁸O and ²H compared to the river water. The groundwater along the river contains CFCs and ³H down to depths of about 120 m, and the shallow groundwater exhibits CFC apparent ages in a wide range which are not dependent on the well depth. Groundwaters along the river show a similar trend of enrichment in ¹⁸O and ²H as the river water whereas groundwaters in depression cones are depleted in heavier isotopes, and have low CFC and ³H concentrations. The CFC apparent age of the groundwater increases with increasing distance downstream, indicating that the dominant part of the groundwater is from infiltration of river water in the upper reaches. Modifications of groundwater recharge are reflected in variations of stable isotope compositions, as well as CFC and ³H concentrations in the groundwater that was recharged from the river over the last decades. Despite recharging from river water, groundwater abstraction has induced a water balance deficit. The riparian ecosystem in the Ejina Oasis is constrained by both decreased river flow and increased groundwater abstraction. The vegetation degradation in the Ejina Oasis is controlled not only by natural aridification but also worsened by heavy groundwater abstraction and decreased river flow.     

清江水布垭库区南潭村滑坡特征及其稳定性

南潭村滑坡位于湖北巴东县水布垭镇南潭村,是发育于原斜坡表层及部分浅层风化基岩中的沿岩土接触面或软弱结构面发生滑移的岩土混合质滑坡。本文结合南潭村滑坡的地质环境资料和现场勘察结果,介绍了滑坡的形态特征、结构特征和变形特征,从地质条件、降雨和人类工程活动等三个方面分析了滑坡的形成原因和影响因素,并采用剩余推力法对滑坡的稳定性进行了定量计算。通过对滑坡进行综合评价,提出了排水系统、减载反压、改变种植方式和变形监测等综合防治建议,为滑坡灾害的研究和治理提供借鉴。     

松辽盆地及外围地区石炭系-二叠系烃源岩的特征

松辽盆地及外围地区晚古生代构造层因长期以来被视为中-新生代盆地的变质褶皱"基底"而受到油气勘探界的忽略.近4年的野外调查和室内研究结果表明.本区上古生界除局部遭受不同程度的动力接触变质或热力变质外,并没有发生区域变质作用.初步查明本区石炭系-二叠系在区域上分布4套烃源岩,自上而下为:上二叠统(林西组、索伦组)、中二叠统(哲斯组、吴家屯组)、上石炭统-下二叠统(本巴图组、阿木山组)和下石炭统(白家店组、红水泉组).其中上二叠统和中二叠统中的暗色泥岩单层最大厚度迭百余米、累计厚度迭数百米至千余米,区域分布广,依据有机地球化学主要指标(有机碳、成熟度、干酪根类型),综合评价为中等-好烃源岩,是本区上古生界2套区域主力生烃层系,具有良好的油气资源远景,可望构成松辽及外围地区油气勘探战略接替新层系.     

静力触探技术在东海陆架工程勘察中的应用研究

通过对东海大陆架海底浅表层土样的静力触探参数进行统计分析,得到该区域细砂、粘土、淤泥质土和淤泥的静力触探统计值,建立了研究海区基于静力触探参数的土类判别图,可用于快速判定土的类别.根据静力触探参数,并应用经验公式估算了海底粘性土的抗剪强度和灵敏度,对估算公式经验系数选择进行了深入研究,提出在研究海区应用经验公式进行粘性...