Abnormal Phenomena Recorded by Several Earthquake Precursor Observation Instruments Before the Ms 8.0 Wenchuan,Sichuan Earthquake

Abstract: The paper introduces the anomalies observed by digital tiltmeter, cross-fault deformation meter, 4-component borehole strainmeter and geothermometer before May 12, 2008, Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, Sichuan. The digital tiltmeter installed in the epicentral region in Shifang County recorded the tilt anomalies 15 days before the earthquake with variation amplitude of 3.7 times larger than the annual deviation of 2007. The cross-fault deformation meter installed at Zimakua station on the Xianshuihe-Anninghe fault zone detected displacement anomaly occurring since 2006 with the variation amplitude exceeding the cumulative value of the last ten years. Five borehole strainmeter stations in the Chongqing section of Three Gorges Reservoir area observed unconventional strain changes occurring in the period from May 1 through 12, 2008. Among them, the strainmeter at Wanzhou station recorded the great compression strain rate on the EW component at 14:00 o'clock of May 10, and the anomaly amplitude was so large that the instrument output exceeded its dynamic range, corresponding to a level of ~104 nanostrains. The geothermometers installed in Xi’an, Chongqing and Xichang recorded the sudden temperature changes from November 2007 to January 2008 with the variation amplitudes several times larger than the ordinary deviation. The above phenomena and the criteria for distinguishing the anomalies from background fluctuations are discussed in this paper.     

地电化学法寻找隐伏金矿的应用研究

通过对金的地电化学成晕机制的研究,利用地电化学法在东北大兴安岭森林覆盖区虎拉林金矿和澳大利亚第四纪厚层覆盖区Challenger金矿进行可行性找矿试验研究。试验结果在上述已知矿区的剖面上均测出了清晰的地电化学异常,表明利用地电化学法在上述地区寻找的隐伏金矿是有效的。在此基础上对两矿区外围及深部进行了找矿预测,发现4个有利的成矿靶区,经工程验证发现2个金矿体,取得了良好的经济和社会经济效益。     

MRCP在肝内外胆管梗阻中的临床应用

目的: 评价磁共振胆胰管成像在肝内外胆管梗阻中的临床应用。方法: 回顾分析49例磁共振水成像在胆胰管成像临床中的应用。使用GE1.5T超导型磁共振扫描仪,软件aw4.2,利用重T相似文献   

博格达山白杨河地区中基性岩墙地球化学特征及其地质意义

白杨河地区中基性岩墙地球化学研究显示,该岩墙属于亚碱性系列,为岩浆高度演化的产物,轻稀土元素适度富集,轻重稀土分异中等,Nb、Ta强烈亏损,Ti、Zr和Hf适度亏损,不相容元素(K、Rb、Ba、Sr、LREE)与Pb富集,说明该岩墙源自与俯冲作用有关的交代地幔,且在侵位过程中受到地壳物质的混染。该岩墙侵位时期可能为270~250Ma左右,为造山期后伸展环境下的产物,是中亚造山带后碰撞阶段陆壳垂向生长的重要标志。     

基于多元统计的微量元素地球化学特征分析——以广西资源县向阳坪地区构造蚀变岩型铀矿为例

应用聚类分析和因子分析对广西资源县向阳坪地区构造蚀变岩型铀矿样品的22种微量元素进行了系统分析。分析结果表明,W—Sr—Hg—As—Sb元素组合在铀成矿作用过程中起关键性作用。该元素组合特征可以用于本区地球化学找矿中判别构造的含矿性以及推断隐伏的铀矿体。     

CO2 processes in an alpine grassland ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau

In this paper, the CO2 concentrations profile from 1.5 m depth in soil to 32 m height in atmosphere were measured from July 2000 to July 2001 in an alpine grassland ecosystem located in the permafrost area on the Tibetan Plateau, which revealed that CO2 concentrations varied greatly during this study period. Mean concentrations during the whole experiment in the atmosphere were absolutely lower than the CO2 concentrations in soil, which resulted in CO2 emissions from the alpine steppe soil to the atmosphere. The highest CO2 concentration was found at a depth of 1.5 m in soil while the lowest CO2 concentration occurred in the atmosphere. Mean CO2 concentrations in soil generally increased with depth. This was the compositive influence of the increasing soil moistures and decreasing soil pH, which induced the increasing biological activities with depth. Temporally, the CO2 concentrations at different layers in air remained a more steady state because of the atmospheric turbulent milking. During the seasonal variations, CO2 concentrations at surface soil interface showed symmetrical patterns, with the lowest accumulation of CO2 occurring in the late winter and the highest CO2 concentration in the growing seasons.     

西昌普诗地区中—下白垩统小坝组岩石–紫色土剖面稀土元素地球化学特征分析

探究山地–丘陵区稀土元素地球化学特征,对了解区域生态地质环境具有十分重要的意义。本文在大凉山区生态地质调查的基础上,选取西昌市普诗地区中–下白垩统小坝组4个典型土壤垂向剖面进行系统采样分析,揭示了西昌普诗地区岩石–土壤剖面中14种稀土元素（La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu）的地球化学分布、迁移及富集特征。结果表明：相似的环境下不同类型成土母岩形成的同类土壤中稀土元素含量有所不同,泥岩–紫色土剖面（PM0909）、砂岩–紫色土剖面（PM03-3）、粉砂质泥岩–紫色土剖面（PM04-4）、泥质粉砂岩–紫色土剖面（PM0924）等代表性剖面土壤中,稀土元素含量依次为126.870 mg/kg、116.472 mg/kg、163.926 mg/kg、175.231 mg/kg,各个剖面稀土元素含量差异与成土母岩的岩性和粘土矿物含量关系密切,黏土矿物对稀土元素具有一定的吸附作用;研究区4个剖面呈现明显的“V”字形右倾模式,负Eu异常明显,重稀土部分较为平坦,属于轻稀土富集型,这与成土过程中稀土元素（REEs）淋溶及其成土母岩化学性质差异有关;不同成土母岩形成的剖面迁移系数存在一定的差异,迁移系数高值主要分布在各个剖面的淀积层（B层）底部及母质层（C层）,这是由于REEs受到淋溶、淀积作用和黏土矿物吸附、解吸作用的共同结果。本次研究结果可以为大凉山区大尺度的生态地质研究提供一定的理论支持和科学依据。

     

三香通络饮联合苯磺酸氨氯地平片治疗老年性高血压病46 例临床观察

目的：观察三香通络饮联合苯磺酸氨氯地平片治疗老年性高血压病的临床疗效。方法：将92 例老年性高血压病患者按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组各46 例。对照组口服苯磺酸氨氯地平片治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用三香通络饮治疗。比较2组的综合疗效、中医证候积分及不良反应发生情况。结果：总有效率治疗组为89.13%（41/46）,对照组为60.87%（28/46）,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;2组各项中医证候积分治疗前后组内比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）,且治疗后头晕目眩、头痛、心悸、口干口苦评分组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;不良反应发生率治疗组为10.87%（5/46）,对照组为19.57%（9/46）,2组比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：三香通络饮联合苯磺酸氨氯地平片治疗老年性高血压病患者的临床疗效优于单用西药治疗,且能有效减轻临床症状,值得推广。     

航空重力测量厄特弗斯改正公式注记

针对当前国内外机构和学者在使用航空重力测量厄特弗斯改正公式中存在的不一致性问题,详细分析了不同时期、不同形式改正计算公式的来源及其相互关系,并比较了它们在数值上的差异,指出我国作业部门目前使用近似公式存在的误用问题和统一使用严密公式的必要性。     

Regional Characteristics and Causes of Haze Events in Northeast China

Northeast China experiences severe atmospheric pollution, with an increasing occurrence of heavy haze episodes. However, the underlying forces driving haze formation during different seasons are poorly understood. In this study, we explored the spatio-temporal characteristics and causes of haze events in Northeast China by combining a range of data sources(i.e., ground monitoring, satellite-based products, and meteorological products). It was found that the ‘Shenyang-Changchun-Harbin(SCH)'city belt was the most polluted area in the region on an annual scale. The spatial distribution of air quality index(AQI) values had a clear seasonality, with the worst pollution occurring in winter, an approximately oval-shaped polluted area around western Jilin Province in spring, and the best air quality occurring in summer and most of the autumn. The three periods that typically experienced intense haze events were Period I from mid-October to mid-November(i.e., late autumn and early winter), Period II from late-December to February(i.e., the coldest time in winter), and Period III from April to mid-May(i.e., spring). During Period I, strong PM_(2.5) emissions from seasonal crop residue burning and coal burning for winter heating were the dominant reasons for the occurrence of extreme haze events(AQI 300). Period II had frequent heavy haze events(200 AQI 300) in the coldest months of January and February, which were due to high PM_(2.5) emissions from coal burning and vehicle fuel consumption, a lower atmospheric boundary layer, and stagnant atmospheric conditions. Haze events in Period III, with high PM_(10) concentrations, were primarily caused by the regional transportation of windblown dust from degraded grassland in central Inner Mongolia and bare soil in western Jilin Province. Local agricultural tilling could also release PM_(10) and enhance the levels of windblown dust from tilled soil. Better control of coal burning, fuel consumption, and crop residue burning in winter and autumn is urgently needed to address the haze problem in Northeast China.