月华丸（胶囊）及其拆方对巨噬细胞增殖影响的研究

目的：研究月华丸（胶囊）对小鼠单核巨噬细胞（RAW264.7）活性的影响,为后续研究月华丸（胶囊）对耐多药结核分支杆菌感染细胞自噬的影响提供前期实验基础。方法：取对数生长期的RAW264.7细胞,用10%胎牛血清培养制成的细胞悬液加入96孔培养板中培养。分别采用终浓度为1.25g/mL、0.63g/mL、0.32g/mL、0.16g/mL、0.125g/mL、0.063g/mL、0.032g/mL、0.016g/mL不含阿胶的月华丸（胶囊）以及相同浓度梯度含阿胶的月华丸（胶囊）处理RAW264.7细胞,并设不加药的对照组。以4-甲偶氮唑蓝（MTT）法检测细胞存活情况。结果：（1）不含阿胶的月华丸（胶囊）在1.25g/mL、0.63g/mL浓度时对RAW264.7细胞增殖抑制率明显升高,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,表明不含阿胶的月华丸（胶囊）高浓度对巨噬细胞的增殖有一定的抑制作用。（2）含阿胶的月华丸（胶囊）对RAW264.7细胞增殖率明显升高,各浓度组与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）,提示含阿胶的月华丸（胶囊）对巨噬细胞的增殖有明显促进作用。（3）浓度为0.32g/mL的含阿胶月华丸（胶囊）对RAW264.7细胞增殖率最高,为最佳促细胞增长药液浓度。结论：月华丸（胶囊）能提高巨噬细胞的活力,增强巨噬细胞的增殖。     

全球百年海表面温度年际和年代际变化特征分析

利用100 a(1903—2002年)HadiSST的逐月资料,将全球海表面温度异常(SSTA)作为整体进行经验正交函数分解(EOF分解),提取了控制各大洋SSTA的主导模态和各大洋之间的联合模态,分析了相应的空间分布和时间序列。研究结果表明:SSTA变化最剧烈的海区是赤道中东太平洋、西北大西洋湾流海区和北太平洋黑潮延伸体海区。热带太平洋厄尔尼诺和南方涛动是主导模态并具有2~7 a周期的年际变化;SSTA变化第二主模态和第三主模态都是以大约70 a为周期的年代际变化为主的跨大洋联合模态。第二主模态的空间分布主要表现为中纬度北太平洋和北大西洋反位相、热带太平洋与大西洋反位相的太平洋-大西洋双偶极子型分布。SSTA变化的第三模态主要呈现南北半球海洋反位相的特征,为北太平洋-北大西洋-南大洋联合模态。第四模态基本上是反映各个不同海域特有的局地海洋-大气相互作用模态,该模态的时间序列具有1~4 a周期的年际变化和约9 a周期的年代际变化。     

海岸系统演变长周期数值模拟研究进展

在人类活动日益频繁及海平面上升等自然环境变化的背景下,研究和预测海岸系统地貌演变正变得越来越重要。长周期数值模型是海岸系统演变研究的一种重要手段,近年来得到了迅速发展和广泛应用。介绍了海岸系统演变的长周期数值模型的计算原理、信息约减和地貌加速等关键技术、时空尺度及其验证方法。详细阐述了不同类型长周期模型在海岸系统演变的过程与机制和长期演变的数值模拟及预测人类活动和自然变化引起的海岸系统长期演变等方面的应用与最新进展,并对长周期模型的发展进行了讨论。     

磁异常相关的四种物理信号性质分析

建立了一种特殊坐标系,从理论上推导了磁异常强度、全梯度模信号、张量梯度模信号和拉普拉斯信号等物理信号的表达式,并分析了它们具有的物理性质。 采用仿真计算表明:拉普拉斯信号在空间的等值面非常接近于球面,其在平面上的等值线极大值对应磁性目标中心位置,而其他三种信号在平面上等值线极大值与磁性目标中心位置则存在一定的偏差。 而且四种物理信号随测点至磁性目标中心间距离的衰减速度也存在差异,其中, 拉普拉斯信号与距离呈 5 次方衰减,磁异常强度与距离呈 3 次方衰减,而全梯度模信号和张量梯度模信号与距离都成 4 次方误差。     

动态周跳处理方法研究

通过对基于滤波进行周跳处理的 DIA(detection、identification and adaptation)方法、两步 Kalman 滤波法以及连续周跳检验法的分析,提出了接收机高动态情况下也适用的,改进的动态周跳处理方法。 通过选取“当前冶统计模型作为滤波的状态模型,联合利用载波相位和多普勒观测值进行周跳辨识,同时对周跳偏差进行即时估计和改正。 利用机载测量数据模拟不同周跳发生的情况进行计算分析表明,即使在载体运动情况变化较大的情况下, 本文所提出的算法也能够较好的抵御机动误差的影响,对于多周跳和连续周跳的问题都能够快速准确的处理。     

A culture-dependent survey of thermophilic bacteria from hot springs in Xiamen area in China

Microbes are believed to play important roles in ecosystem function in many environments. The hot springs of Xiamen Island are close to the Xiamen Sea, and may have some characteristics different from those of inland hot springs. Microbes living in the hot springs of Xiamen may have new characteristics. However, little is known about microbial communities of hot springs close to the Xiamen Sea. A culturedependent survey of microbial population in the Xiamen hot springs was performed by using an approach combining total cellular protein profile identification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A total of 328 isolates of bacteria were obtained from liquid and sediment samples from the Xiamen hot springs, including neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria and moderately thermophilic acidophiles. Neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria, which grow at a temperature range of 55—90℃ including Rhodothermus marinus (Strain 1), Thermus thermophilus (Strain 2), Thermus thiopara (Strain 3), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Strain 4), Geobacillus thermoleovorans (Strain 5), and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes (Strain 6), were recovered by 2216E plates. Moderately thermophilic acidophiles, which can grow at temperatures above 50℃ and a pH range of 1.8—3.5 such as Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris (Strain 8), Sulfobacillus acidophilus (Strain 9), and Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans (Strain 10), were isolated on selective solid medium containing sulfur and Fe2+. Among these strains, Rhodothermus marinus, Thermus thermophilus and Geobacillus stearothermophilus are not only thermophiles, but also halophiles. One bacterium strain (Strain 6) shared 99% nucleotide sequence homology with Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, but was quite different from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes in biological characteristics, suggesting that it may represent a novel thermophilic species. Results indicated that various species of neutrophilic thermophiles and moderately thermophilic acidophiles were widely distributed in the Xiamen hot springs and that Rhodothermus marinus and Thermus thermophilus dominated the cultivable microbial community.     

基于RS与GIS的北京市热岛研究

基于普适性单通道算法,利用2005年5月6日的TM数据反演北京市区的实际地表温度。在此基础上,分析了北京市区的热环境特征、热岛分布的位置。运用GIS空间分析工具,分析了地表温度与地形特征和地表覆盖类型之间的关系。结果表明,北京市热岛分布具有环状和带状分布特征,高程较低处和坡度较小处更容易形成热岛中心,不同地表覆盖类型的热特征具有显著的差异。     

Histological and Histochemical Analyses of the Cuttlebone Sac of the Golden Cuttlefish Sepia esculenta

The secretion function of mantle is closely related to shell formation in some bivalves and gastropods. Up to now, few researches have been reported for cuttlebone formation in the class Cephalopoda. In this study, the structure and secretion function of cuttlebone sac of the golden cuttlefish Sepia esculenta was analyzed using the histological and histochemical methods. The results showed that high and columnar cells located in sac epithelium, and flat cells existed near the base membrane. A lot of fibroblasts were found in the lateral mantle collective tissue. Some mucus, mucopolysaccharide and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were found in the sac. The ultrastructural characteristics of Quasi-connective-tissue-calcium cells (QCTCC) were observed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The relationship between cuttlebone sac secretion function and shell formation was discussed.     

创伤弧菌和哈氏弧菌双重PCR检测方法的建立及初步应用

根据创伤弧菌(Vibrio vulnificus)的溶细胞毒素基因序列和哈氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)的toxR基因序列,分别设计并合成两对特异性引物,通过PCR反应条件优化,测试两种菌的特异性和敏感性,建立双重PCR方法,同时快速检测V.vulnificus和V.harveyi。结果表明:纯培养V.vulnificus和V.harveyi的检测灵敏度分别是12 cfu/mL和18 cfu/mL,与无乳链球菌、海豚链球菌、副溶血弧菌及美人发光杆菌无交叉反应;此PCR检测方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性,具快速、高效等优点,对细菌V.vulnificus和V.harveyi诊断与防治具有较好的临床应用性。     

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