Possible Origins of the Western Pacific Warm Pool Decadal Variability

In this study,the impacts of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) on the western Pacific warm pool (WPWP) were investigated.Our results show that the WPWP is linked with the PDO and the AMO at multiple time scales.On the seasonal time scales,the WPWP and the PDO/AMO reinforce each other,while at decadal time scales the forcing roles of the PDO and the AMO dominate.Notably,a positive PDO tends to enlarge the WPWP at both seasonal and decadal time scales,while a positive AMO tends to reduce the WPWP at decadal time scales.Furthermore,the decadal variability of the WPWP can be well predicted based on the PDO and AMO.     

一次台风外围雨带多普勒天气雷达回波及风场结构分析

使用常规天气资料、卫星云图和长春c波段多普勒雷达资料对2004年7月5日发生在吉林省的一次典型台风外围雨带降水天气过程进行了分析.可看出两种尺度云系的相互作用,整个降水雨带为明显的旋转西进过程.多普勒径向速度图上,低层辐合高层辐散的配置有利于降水的发生发展.另外,低层由于存在摩擦,受台风雨带影响较小,而中高层受台风中α尺度系统和中B尺度雨团的共同影响,两者风场的叠加造成低层偏东风到高层东北风的风向变化.可提高预报的准确率,为人工增雨决策提供可靠依据.     

珠江口盆地惠州凹陷古近系规模性砂砾岩储层凝灰质成因及其油气地质意义

随着全球能源需求日益增长,砂砾岩油气藏研究逐步深入,新疆准噶尔盆地玛湖大型砾岩油藏、渤海海域渤中19-6大型整装凝析气田及珠江口盆地H6-6构造超百亿方天然气勘探获重大发现,使得砂砾岩体成为油气勘探新领域.基于镜下薄片、扫描电镜与振幅?方差体地震属性分级?拾取?融合分析,综合表征砂砾岩储层中凝灰质性质、分布、来源及其对...     

多媒体电子海图系统的界面设计

多媒体电子海图系统与传统的ECDIS系统不同,其界面设计要求能够吸引普通读图者兴趣,提升港航要素信息传递效率。多媒体电子海图在界面设计时应注重应用主题、界面人性化、色彩设计风格统一协调并独具特色,同时还要顾及功能转换的简捷流畅。《天津港航电子图集》通过合理确定要素构成、色彩构成和界面内容的组织整饰,达到了改善用户体验,提高信息传输效果的目的。     

Magnesian andesites in north Xinjiang,China

Middle Devonian magnesian andesites (MAs) are widely distributed in south Altay and Carboniferous MAs are present in Alataoshan and west- and east-Tianshan in the north Xinjiang region. These MAs are andesitic rocks with 53–65% SiO₂,<1% (0.21–1.08%; average of 0.72%) TiO₂, and ≥50 Mg^#. Magnesian dacites and diorites, with 52.38–66.91% SiO₂, <0.30% TiO₂ and ≥42 Mg^# commonly occur with these MAs. Relative to boninites, MAs have lower MgO contents (average 6.39%) but higher Ti, K and Na. They have characteristic flat chondrite-normalized REE patterns with weak to no Eu anomalies (Eu depletion, or Eu/Eu* = 0.65–1.15), low (La/Yb)_N (0.98–6.4, mostly 4±) and low total REE contents (15–95 ppm). They also have high contents of compatible elements Cr and Ni (72–790 and 29–276 ppm, respectively). Their relative depletion in high field strength elements Nb, Ta and Ti, and relative enrichment in mobile large-ion lithophile elements Rb, K and Pb are evident on primitive mantle-normalized trace element spidergrams. If magnesian andesites are melts coming from the subducted oceanic crust, as proposed elsewhere, then the relatively high Y contents (>15 ppm), low Sr/Y ratios (4.4–6.2), low (La/Yb)N, and high Mg^# of the MAs in north Xinjiang provide evidence of interaction of such melts with mantle wedge peridotite. New petrographic, chemical and isotopic [(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)I = 0.51221–0.51255 (εNd(t) +0.28 to +7.2); (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)I = 0.7029–0.7065] data suggest that the petrogenesis of the MAs in the north Xinjiang region may have involved: (1) multiple source materials including subducted oceanic slab, juvenile crustal materials (mainly volcanic-volcanoclassic rocks with low maturity and clear mantle geochemical signatures) coming from the forearc accretionary prism and mantle wedge peridotite; (2) a combination of different petrogenetic processes including partial melting of subducted oceanic slab and juvenile crustal materials, followed by interaction of slab melts with the mantle wedge peridotite; (3) high geothermal gradient creating a high temperature (>1,000°C) environment in a volatile-rich source region; (4) unique tectonic settings including oblique subduction, slab break off resulting in slab window formation and asthenosphere upwelling, and subduction erosion resulting in transfer of forearc accretionary materials into the source region of MA magma.     

准噶尔盆地乌夏地区二叠系储集层特征及影响因素分析

根据40余口钻井的岩石学资料, 较系统地描述了乌夏地区二叠系储集层特征及其主要影响因素。乌夏地区二叠系储集层类型多样,主要包括陆源碎屑岩、白云（质）岩、火山碎屑岩和火山岩4大类。乌夏地区二叠系储集空间类型以次生孔隙为主,碎屑岩储集层以粒内溶孔、填隙物内溶孔、压裂缝最为发育;白云岩储集层主要发育裂缝,火山碎屑岩储集空间类型则主要为气孔和裂缝,火山岩储集层在乌夏地区分布较少,储集空间主要为气孔。二叠系储集层孔隙结构均属小孔细喉、微孔微细喉、微孔微喉,储集性能中等-差,整体为中、低孔渗储集层。研究认为岩性、粒度、成岩压实、溶蚀及破裂作用是本区储集层质量的主要影响因素：岩性、粒度主要影响储集层性质;压实作用是孔隙损失的主控因素,平均压实减孔量高达23.65％;溶蚀及破裂作用则对改善储集层物性起重要作用;断裂活动也使断裂带附近储集层物性发生明显的改善。根据储集层储集性能及其控制因素,将储集层划分为5种类型,乌夏地区以Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ类为主。

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腾格里沙漠南缘土门剖面末次间冰阶层段的粒度特征及其反映的气候-沉积环境

腾格里沙漠南缘土门剖面末次间冰阶层段（TMS 3）由风成砂、黄土状亚砂土、砂黄土、古土壤、湖相沉积物和冲积黄土等6种沉积相相互叠覆构成。粒度分析结果显示,该层段以砂质沉积物为主,粉砂次之,黏土最少,平均值分别为65.45%、26.72%和8.83%;在砂粒级中,以细砂含量最高,其次为极细砂,其余为中砂-粗砂颗粒。粉砂含量、黏土含量、M_z和σ在风成砂中呈现谷值,在其他沉积相为峰值,中砂-粗砂和细砂则相反。粒度指标指示腾格里沙漠南缘土门剖面末次间冰阶至少经历了13次暖湿和12次冷干的气候波动,且可划分为TMS 3e（54 200~59 750 a BP）、TMS 3d （54 200~40 800 a BP）、TMS 3c （40 800~32 800 a BP）、TMS 3b （32 800~25 400 a BP）和TMS 3a （25 400~22 940 a BP）等5个亚段, 25次冷暖波动与格陵兰冰芯和中国南方石笋记录的D/O事件以及北大西洋深海沉积物记录的H事件具有很高的同步性。     

Acute toxicity effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate on sperm vitality,kinematics and fertilization success in zebrafish

Perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) has emerged as one of the most concerning contaminants in recent years.This study aimed to investigate the acute toxicity effect of PFOS on sperm viability,kinematics and fertilization success in zebrafish(Danio rerio).Sperm were activated in aqueous media containing a range of PFOS concentrations(0,0.09,0.9 and 9 mg/L).Viabilities and kinematics of the sperm exposed to different PFOS treatments were assessed via computer-assisted sperm analysis(CASA) at 20,40,60,and 80 s after activation.PFOS exposure decreased the percentage of motile sperm,the curvilinear velocity(VCL),and the mean angular displacement(MAD) of spermatozoa,but showed no influence on the straightline velocity(VSL) or the angular path velocity(VAP).Furthermore,a significant decrease in fertiUzation success was observed in spermatozoa that were exposed to 0.9 mg/L PFOS or more.These findings indicate that PFOS pollution in natural aquatic environment may be a potential threaten to successful reproduction offish.     

鄂尔多斯地块的运动特性与现今地震活动性

鄂尔多斯地块现今水平运动是鄂尔多斯地块本身运动与中国大陆整体运动相互叠加的结果,其动力来源主要受到青藏地块的北东向推挤、地块北缘的北西向拉张。最新的GPS速度场观测表明,鄂尔多斯地块及周缘1999～2015速度场随着时间推移发生明显变化,其东北缘、西北缘、西南缘、东南缘的速度场变化较为显著,南北缘的左旋运动速率远大于东西缘的右旋运动速率。1970年以来鄂尔多斯地块现今地震资料显示的地震活动性、应变积累释放、应力空间分布及其应力场分析结果表明,鄂尔多斯地块北缘是地块周缘乃至华北地区中强地震的主体活动区域,2000年以来地块周缘能量持续积累,是1970年以来能量积累最长的一个时段。2015年阿拉善左旗5.8级地震后,地块周缘的能量出现预释放的迹象,鄂尔多斯地块北缘具有高的应力分布异常区域。