40～30ka B.P.中国暖湿气候和海侵的特征与成因探讨

40～30kaB.P.相当于末次冰期(75～10kaB.P.)中的大间冰阶或海洋氧同位素第3阶段的晚期(MIS3a),已有测年记录的冰芯、湖泊沉积、孢粉与古生物、黄土与沙漠地区古土壤、石灰岩洞穴中石笋、古河道沉积、滨海地区海相沉积等7种记录指示我国各区域的湿润程度即降水量高于现代,青藏高原和西北地区尤为显著.西部和华南地区的温度明显高于现代,但较多的孢粉研究者认为东北、华北和长江流域的温度略低于现代.降水量的增加对内陆水系的合并和外流的黄河和长江流域等产生重大影响.渤海西侧、长江三角洲南北与珠江三角洲南部出现重大海侵,当时海平面高度仅低于现代海平面8～10m.当时暖湿气候与海侵的主要动力是岁差周期导致的中、低纬度太阳高辐射所提供的热力促使冰盖消融萎缩,海洋扩涨,青藏高原热低压增强,吸引季风降水,中、低纬度区海洋加热蒸发,增强夏季风与西风环流的水汽含量导致我国全境暖湿.高分辨率的西昆仑山古里雅冰芯记录和南京汤山洞穴石笋记录表明气候有许多百年级高频振荡波动,不是稳定暖湿,要作更深入研究才能说明其表现和影响.     

Diagnostic Analysis of the Quasi-Balanced Flow of a Mesoscale Vortex During the 12 June 2008 Guangxi Rainstorm

By using the high-resolution observation data and MM5 model simulation data, the analysis on the 12 June 2008 Guangxi flash-flood rainstorm shows that the associated major mesoscale weather system of this event is a quasi-stationary mesoscale vortex, which resulted from the interaction between the midlatitude synoptic-scale waves in the westerly belt and the low-latitude warm-moist flow under the terrain effect. The genesis, development, and movement of the mesoscale vortex have significant impacts on the intensity and persistence of the severe precipitation from the Guangxi flash-flood rainstorm. This vortex is characterized by the coexistence of strong vorticity and divergence with the same order of magnitude. Well organized, deep, and moist convection was observed for a long period of time, and was produced by the interaction between the mesoscale vortex and the gravity waves. The latter was generated by the terrain effect and the ageostrophic effect of high winds in the low-level jet. According to the quasi-balanced dynamical theory, quasi-balanced flow must have existed in the mesoscale motions with both divergent and rotational winds. Thus, based on the diagnosis of the quasi-balanced flow, the PV-ωinversion method is employed to analyze the organized moist convection. The results show that 50%-70% of the vertical circulation in the rainstorm areas was quasi-balanced, so the quasi-balanced flow could well reflect features of the strong vertical motions associated with the coexistence of vorticity and divergence during this event.     

Review of the Metallogenic Regularity of Magnesite Deposits in China

China has abundant reserves of magnesite, making it the world’s leading source of this strategic mineral. Sparry magnesite is the main type of magnesite deposit, and is easy to exploit. It occurs mainly as the sedimentary-metamorphic type. Production is centred on eastern Liaoning Province, where a world-class large to super large magnesite ore processing and production facility has been developed. Hydrothermal metasomatic deposits, associated with ultramafic complexes and eluvial deposits produced by weathering, are two other important types found in China. The Western section of the Bangonghu-Nujiang metallogenic belt is an important target region for prospecting lake-sedimentary magnesite deposits. Based on a systematic analysis of material from 62 magnesite production areas, this study investigated the metallogeny of magnesite and delineated 13 magnesite metallogenic belts. Maps were produced showing metallogenic regularities in magnesite deposits, the metallogenic system of the magnesite deposits, and the distribution of the metallogenic belts of Chinese magnesite deposits. It provides a theoretical basis for forecasting the location of potential magnesite resources in China. Finally, it explores some key scientific issues, including the formation processes of ultra magnesite ore-concentrated areas, and their sources of magnesium.     

GPS定位中对流层折射估计研究

本文首先讨论了ＧＰＳ相对定位中的对流层折射２估计的单参数方法，多参数方法，分估线性方法和随机过程方法。论证了其它方法都是随机过程方法的近似。为了用随机过程模拟对流折射，建立了一种最小二乘递推算法。在此基础上，在ＧＡＭＩＴ软件中统一实现了以各种对流层折射估计方法。最后给出并分析了不同方法所获得的结果。     

新疆拜城黑孜尔水库垂直形变观测与现今断层活动特征

根据跨断层定点水准、基线观测资料和垂直形变的水准高程观测数据分析,黑孜尔断裂 Ｆ２定点水准的垂直位移量为 ０． １４ ｍｍ／ａ,基线缩短量为 ０． ４８ ｍｍ／ａ,断层滑动角■≈３７°,现今垂直形变速率为 ０． ６９３ ｍｍ／ａ。结合地震活动和区域地质构造研究,认为黑孜尔断裂近期水平活动强度大于垂直运动强度,该区在未来１～３年内仍可能发生６级以上地震。     

图象恢复在工业CT中的应用

对于以影象增强器为检测系统的目标旋转式工业ＣＴ，分析了其图象退化的因素，采用对一维投影数据进行图象恢复的方法来提高ＣＴ图象质量。文中给出图象恢复公式，从计算机模拟和实验图象恢复的结果可看到所用方法提高了图象清晰度。     

地理信息技术支持的“多规合一”——以常州市新北区为例

开展"多规合一"是推进生态文明建设、新型城镇化建设,落实供给侧改革的必然要求。本文以地理信息技术为基础,以土地利用规划为底盘,统一城乡规划、环保规划、农业发展规划等的空间基础;以经济社会发展规划为目标协调各规划,划定永久基本农田保护红线、生态保护红线、城市开发边界,实施严格的空间管控。最后,以常州市新北区为试验区,分析各规划的差异并落实重点项目,引导国土空间有序开发,优化资源空间配置,形成国土空间开发规划"一张图"。     

Monitoring ground surface deformation over the North China Plain using coherent ALOS PALSAR differential interferograms

North China Plain (Huabei Plain) is one of the most densely populated regions on earth. Due to excessive underground water extraction, the North China Plain has been experiencing severe ground deformation over the last three decades. Therefore, for the purpose of hazard mitigation, it is necessary to monitor the ground displacement occurred in this region. As an extension of the differential radar interferometry (DInSAR) technique, advanced DInSAR techniques involving multiple images have demonstrated the potential to effectively map ground displacement. Such techniques are able to measure the temporal evolution of ground deformation with millimetre-level accuracy by using a stack of differential interferograms. In this study, the ALOS PALSAR data acquired over the North China Plain, which cover an area of approximately 16,000 km $^2$ , were processed based on the concept of advanced DInSAR techniques. Because of the large size of the PALSAR images, a targeted processing strategy was designed. This strategy is able to reduce required disk storage space and I/O operations, leading to the improvement of the computational efficiency. The resulting mean deformation velocity map demonstrates that a large portion of the area covered by the data was affected by various degrees of ground deformation between January 2007 and April 2010. The ground deformation is mostly distributed in rural areas, while the downtown areas are generally stable.     

成矿流体动力学与大地构造环境的关系(英文)

热液矿床的形成需要大量流体,而流体的运移需要包括地势差、岩石变形、热梯度及热异常等多种驱动力。这些流体驱动力与构造环境及过程有密切关系。流体压力状态和热场及地势差的组合决定了压性构造环境流体以向上运动为主,如造山型成矿系统,而张性构造环境流体以对流为主,如VMS和SEDEX成矿系统。造山作用造成的地势差及水平挤压作用所产生的超压可以驱动流体侧向迁移数百公里,如MVT成矿系统。但是,具体的成矿流体动力学过程比较复杂,且随构造演化而变化。在经历过多个大地构造演化阶段的地区,如地洼区,老的成矿流体动力系统不断被新的系统叠加或取代;新的构造单元需要来自地幔的流体源补充才有利于成矿。成矿学研究的是成矿作用与大地构造的关系,而流体动力学系统与大地构造环境密切相关,因此,成矿流体动力学应成为成矿学的一个重要组成部分。     

格尔木地磁台观测环境测试与分析

通过实验测试和计算，分析了高压输出电线等干扰源对格尔木地磁台观测环境的影响，进一步对格尔木地磁台观测环境现状，及今后观测环境保护工作的要点进行了综合分析讨论。