三峡及邻区新构造期以来应力场分区研究

利用地形变测量、震源机制和钻孔应力测量等资料,综合研究了三峡及邻区的构造应力场。结果表明,研究区在大区域近东西向构造应力场作用下．新构造期一现代构造应力场的作用方向具有明显的分区性,即北区呈近北西西向挤压;西区呈北西向挤压;东区呈北东向挤压。     

土地利用变化及其生态响应综述

1 IntroductionLand use change,as one ofthe m ain driving forces ofglobalenvironm entalchange,is centraltothe sustainable developm ent debate (Figure 1).The types of land use are distinguished as landcover conversion,i.e.,the com plete replacem ent of one …     

大气科学论文英文缩略词的用法

根据美国气象学会有关大气科学英文缩略词的使用规则,参考<英汉汉英大气科学词汇>,给出了大气科学论文中常见的标准缩略词表,并对大气科学论文中一般英文缩略词和英文数字的规范使用进行了简要探讨,一般缩略词在文中首次出现时应给出明确定义,而标准缩略词则可以直接使用.     

Four-dimensional variational data assimilation experiments for a heavy rain case during the 2002 IOP in China

A heavy rainfall event along the mei-yu front during 22-23 June 2002 was chosen for this study. To assess the impact of the routine and additional IOP (intensive observation period) radiosonde observations on the mesoscale heavy rainfall forecast, a series of four-dimensional variational (4DVAR) data assimilation and model simulation experiments was conducted using nonhydrostatic mesoscale model MM5 and the MM5 4DVAR system. The effects of the intensive observations in the different areas on the heavy rainfall forecast were also investigated. The results showed that improvement of the forecast skill for mesoscale heavy rainfall intensity was possible from the assimilation of the IOP radiosonde observations. However,the impact of the IOP observations on the forecast of the rainfall pattern was not significant. Initial conditions obtained through the 4DVAR experiments with a 12-h assimilation window were capable of improving the 24-h forecast. The simulated results after the assimilation showed that it would be best to perform the intensive radiosonde observations in the upstream of the rainfall area and in the moisture passageway area at the same time. Initial conditions created by the 4DVAR led to the low-level moisture convergence over the rainfall area, enhanced frontogenesis and upward motion within the mei-yu front,and intensified middle- and high-level unstable stratification in front of the mei-yu front. Consequently,the heavy rainfall forecast was improved.     

地震活动时间分布不均匀结构的多尺度检验分析

利用ldquo;非零导数显著性rdquo;检验方法, 分析了中国大陆东西部地区及青藏高原、新疆、东北、华北、华南以及台湾构造区内地震活动广义应变释放时间分布的不均匀结构. 结果表明,当广义地震应变指数eta;取较小值时,新疆、华南、东北以及台湾构造区地震活动自1970年以来总体上呈长期增强趋势, 而青藏高原与华北构造区则呈长期减弱的态势;在较小的时间窗宽情况下,各构造区均存在多尺度成丛特征,显示出地震活动在一定的尺度层次下的强弱交替现象. 但当该eta;取较大值时,除青藏高原与台湾构造区在某些尺度时间窗宽内存在某些时段趋势性变化外,其它各构造区广义地震应变释放时间分布均无统计学意义上的显著变化.      

内蒙达里诺尔火山群晚第四纪火山地质特征与岩浆裂隙通道研究

达里诺尔火山群位于中亚造山带中部以及大兴安岭-太行山重力梯度带中部的西侧。该区拥有上百座第四纪火山,其中不乏全新世仍有过喷发的年轻火山。本文选取以鸽子山、锡塔特乌拉等形成时代最晚,推测形成于中更新世晚期至全新世的晚第四纪火山作为研究对象,从火山锥形貌和定向排列两方面推断岩浆补给裂隙通道的几何特征。结果发现,这些火山具有较为一致的NE和NEE两个方向的裂隙通道。这些方向与区域构造最大主压应力方向相近。本文提出在NE向区域主压应力作用下,在研究区域发生NEE走向的左行剪压走滑。在这个走滑带上,瑞德尔断裂提供岩浆补给裂隙通道。而局部连通瑞德尔断裂的断裂提供了NEE向通道。     

Comment on “Timing and nature of the Xinlin–Xiguitu Ocean: constraints from ophiolitic gabbros in the northern Great Xing’an Range,eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt” by Feng et al. (2016)

International Journal of Earth Sciences - We disagree the transitional supra-subduction zone model of Feng et al. (Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 105:491–505, 2016) for the tectonic setting...     

鄂尔多斯盆地下白垩统大型类碟状构造的发现及其地质意义*

在鄂尔多斯盆地北部下白垩统中发现一种特殊的软沉积物变形构造,其与碟状构造非常相似,主要出露于G109国道鄂尔多斯市至杭锦旗段100余千米长的公路两侧的露头剖面中。该类软沉积变形构造岩性为下白垩统的一套黄褐色或灰白色的中厚层砾岩或砂砾岩,在竖直面上其边缘翘起、中部平坦或下凹,故笔者把它称之为“类碟状构造”。类碟状构造特征为: (1)规模总体很大。小型者的宽度一般为1~3,m,高度多为0.5~1.5,m;大型者的宽度一般为5~6,m、最大可近10,m,高度多为1~1.5,m、少数可达2,m;(2)两侧翘起程度不同,包括倾角小于45°的倾斜边、倾角在45°~75°之间的陡斜边、倾角在75°~90°之间的近直立边和倾角大于90°的翻卷边;(3)类碟状构造之间为泄水形成的液化充填体,竖直面上多呈漏斗形和倒三角形;(4)类碟状构造边缘的砾石长轴优势排列方位平行于流动变形方向;(5)类碟状构造常与砂岩岩脉、液化脉、软变形层理或软变形褶皱等共生。(6)底部多为湖相棕红色(有时夹少量灰色)泥岩或砂质泥岩,其由于液化流动而多呈块状,极易破碎。根据上述特征,认为类碟状构造系泥泄水形成的,是受强烈地震扰动所致,地震强度可达8级、甚至9~10级。该地震活动可能与鄂尔多斯盆地北部中生代强烈的构造运动有关。     

Analyzing crude oils from the Junggar Basin (NW China) using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS)

As a new technology of analyzing crude oils, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) has received much research attention. Here we present a case study in the Junggar Basin of NW China. Results show that the hydrocarbons, including saturates and aromatics, were all well-separated without large co-elution, which cannot be realized by conventional one-dimensional GC–MS. The GC×GC technique is especially effective for analyzing aromatics and low-to-middle-molecular-weight hydrocarbons, such as diamondoids. The geochemical characteristics of crude oils in the study area were investigated through geochemical parameters extracted by GC×GC-TOFMS, improving upon the understanding obtained by GC–MS. Thus, the work here represents a new successful application of GC×GC-TOFMS, showing its broad usefulness in petroleum geochemistry.     

新疆东准噶尔斑岩铜矿主要构造类型

东准噶尔地区分布有索尔库都克、哈腊苏-卡拉先格尔、乌伦布拉克-溴水泉、塔黑尔巴斯套与琼河坝5条斑岩铜矿带,分为构造叠加改造型斑岩铜矿、断裂构造背景下的斑岩铜矿与和尔赛型斑岩铜矿3种构造类型.构造叠加改造型斑岩铜矿受后期韧性变形构造改造、硫化物沿片理带富集,黄铜矿细脉主要分布于片理带中相对较弱的破劈理中,铜矿体总体产状与片理带产状一致.断裂构造背景下的斑岩铜矿,含矿斑岩体呈岩枝状产出,矿化脉体及伴生蚀变与断裂构造关系密切.和尔赛型斑岩铜矿,具典型斑岩铜矿与岩浆融离型矿床的双重特征,是一个较特殊的斑岩铜矿.