Shock‐induced phase transformation of anorthitic plagioclase in the eucrite meteorite Northwest Africa 2650

Anorthite is an important constituent mineral in basaltic achondrites from small celestial bodies. Its high‐pressure phase transformation in shocked meteorites has not been systematically studied. In this study, we report the diverse phase transformation behaviors of anorthite in a shocked eucrite Northwest Africa (NWA) 2650, which also contains coesite, stishovite, vacancy‐rich clinopyroxene, super‐silicic garnet, and reidite. Anorthite in NWA 2650 has transformed into anorthite glass (anorthite glassy vein, maskelynite, and glass with a schlieren texture and vesicles), tissintite and dissociated into three‐phase assemblage grossular + kyanite + silica glass. Different occurrences of anorthite glass might have formed via the mechanism involving shear melting, solid‐state transformation, and postshock thermally melting, respectively. Tissintite could have crystallized from a high‐pressure plagioclase melt. The nucleation of tissintite might be facilitated by relict pyroxene fragments and the early formed vacancy‐rich clinopyroxene. The three‐phase assemblage grossular, kyanite, and silica glass should have formed from anorthitic melt at high‐pressure and high‐temperature conditions. The presence of maskelynite and reidite probably suggests a minimum peak shock pressure up to 20 GPa, while the other high‐pressure phases indicate that the shock pressure during the crystallization of shock melt veins might vary from >8 GPa to >2 GPa with a heterogeneous temperature distribution.     

Numerical studies of the Kelvin-Hemholtz instability in a coronal jet

Kelvin-Hemholtz(K-H)instability in a coronal EUV jet is studied via 2.5D MHD numerical simulations.The jet results from magnetic reconnection due to the interaction of the newly emerging magnetic field and the pre-existing magnetic field in the corona.Our results show that the Alfv e′n Mach number along the jet is about 5–14 just before the instability occurs,and it is even higher than 14 at some local areas.During the K-H instability process,several vortex-like plasma blobs with high temperature and high density appear along the jet,and magnetic fields have also been rolled up and the magnetic configuration including anti-parallel magnetic fields forms,which leads to magnetic reconnection at many X-points and current sheet fragments inside the vortex-like blob.After magnetic islands appear inside the main current sheet,the total kinetic energy of the reconnection outflows decreases,and cannot support the formation of the vortex-like blob along the jet any longer,then the K-H instability eventually disappears.We also present the results about how the guide field and flux emerging speed affect the K-H instability.We find that a strong guide field inhibits shock formation in the reconnecting upward outflow regions but helps secondary magnetic islands appear earlier in the main current sheet,and then apparently suppresses the K-H instability.As the speed of the emerging magnetic field decreases,the K-H instability appears later,the highest temperature inside the vortex blob gets lower and the vortex structure gets smaller.     

时间间隔计数器的研制

介绍了一种新研制的时间间隔计数器,并给出了实验结果和误差的定性分析。通过斜坡发生器,高速采样保持,A／D转换和器件时延平衡等电路的使用,该计数器在5MHz频标下可达到较高的测量精度和分辨率,该计数器亦可用于频率的精确测量。     

Syn-collision Biotite Hornblende Granodiorite from the Zedong Area, Tibet: Zircon U–Pb Isotope Chronology, Petro-geochemistry, and Geodynamic Significance

Cu–Au mineralization is rare in the Jurassic–Early Tertiary batholiths related to the India–Asia collision. Geochemical analysis and U–Pb isotope chronology was carried out on Shuangbujiere biotite hornblende granodiorite from the Zedong area. Zircon grains of the biotite hornblende granodiorite show oscillatory growth zonation and have high Th/U ratios of 1.08–2.39, indicating a magmatic origin for the zircons. Geochrological test yielded a LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age of 51.5±1.0 Ma, suggesting that the emplacement age of the biotite hornblende granodiorite is Early Eocene. The Shuangbujiere biotite hornblende granodiorites have geochemical features characteristic of adakite and are associated with a calc–alkaline metaluminous I-type granite enriched in Sr, high in Mg~#(49.6–54.9) and Sr/Y, and depleted in Y and Yb. These results indicate that this intrusion formation may have been associated with crustal thickening caused by the early collision of the Indian and Eurasian Plates. As the process of crustal thickening continued, the heating of the underplated basaltic magma caused the thickened lower crust amphibolite to dehydrate the melt and form a high-K calc–alkaline adakitic melt at about 848°C. Meanwhile, magma mixing of the underplated basaltic melt and high-K calc–alkaline adakitic melt formed a high-Mg# adakite representative of the sys-collisional tectonic setting.     

基于方位地震数据的地应力反演方法

在页岩油气藏的开发和勘探阶段,需要对储层进行水力压裂改造,形成有利于油气聚集和运移的裂缝.地应力是进行水力压裂改造的重要参数,能够决定裂缝的大小、方向以及分布形态,影响着压裂的增产效果,且最大和最小水平应力差异比（ODHSR,Orthorhombic Differential Horizontal Stress Ratio）是评价储层是否可压裂成网的重要因子.本文探讨了基于地震数据估算地应力的方法,以指导页岩气的水力压裂开发.首先,利用叠前方位地震数据反演得到地层的弹性参数和各向异性参数;其次,基于正交各向异性水平应力差异比近似公式,利用反演得到的弹性参数和各向异性参数估算地层的ODHSR;最后,选取某工区的裂缝型页岩储层的叠前方位地震数据对该方法进行实际应用.实际工区地震数据应用表明,基于叠前方位地震数据反演得到的ODHSR能够有效的识别储层中易于压裂成网的区域.

     

Design of ASTROD-GW Orbit

The ASTROD-GW (ASTROD [Astrodynamical Space Test of Relativity Using Optical Devices] Optimized for Gravitation Wave Detection), the mission of the laser astrodynamical gravitational wave detection, is the scheme of optimality of the gravitational wave detection on which the ASTROD is concentrated. Its spacecraft orbits form a triangular array close to an equilateral triangle in the vicinity of the solar-terrestrial Lagrangian points L₃, L₄ and L₅. The length of the interference arm is about 2.6 × 10⁸ km and the detectable wavelength of the gravitational wave is 52 times larger than that detected by the LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna). In this article, the design and optimization method of the ASTROD-GW orbit are summarized. After the orbit is optimized, the variation in the arm length difference (which can be called the interference difference in laser interferometry) within 10 years is in the order of magnitude of 10⁻⁴ AU. The Doppler velocities in the three arm length directions are smaller than 4 m/s, and all of them are less than that required by the LISA. Therefore the laser ranging techniques developed by the LISA can be applied to the ASTROD-GW.     

学报论文信息的定量管理

本文简单介绍了“成都气象学院学报”创刊来的情况,论述了信息管理的重要性,对本学报已发表论文的有关信息管理情况以表格形式作出定量的分析、比较,并指出今后的努力方向。     

山东省地壳垂直形变特征与深大断裂带的活动性

本文利用1971—1986年山东全省多期复测水准及部分测距成果讨论了本省的地壳形变特征。结果表明:以沂沭带为界,鲁东块体显示整体抬升,而鲁西块体虽以上升为主,但内部明显存在着形变差异运动。期间地壳垂直形变速率不高,一般不超过±3mm/年。近期构造运动显示继承性特点,地壳上升和下降的分界线与断裂相吻合。沂沭断裂带形变北强南弱。沿该带北西向益都、苍山-尼山断裂两侧形变差异较大,活动相对强烈,故对这两条断裂及其与沂沭带交汇处应加强监测。     

长江经济带上游地区丘陵城市工程建设适宜性评价——以泸州市规划中心城区为例

以长江经济带上游地区泸州市规划中心城区为例,建立了包括多因素综合评价模型和多层次评价指标体系的工程建设适宜性评价方法,采用模糊赋权法和层次分析法相结合的组合赋权法计算评价指标的权重,利用GIS空间分析技术对泸州市规划中心城区工程建设适宜性进行了评价,并对评价方法的可靠性进行了分析。结果表明：泸州市规划中心城区工程建设适宜性整体较好,以适宜、较适宜为主,其中适宜区、较适宜区分别占研究区总面积的36.16%、28.81%,此外适宜性差区、不适宜区各占20.96%、8.07%;泸州市城市规划建设、重大工程建设选址应在适宜区和较适宜区范围内,尽量避免适宜性差和不适宜地区;在适宜性差和不适宜地区进行工程建设应注意不同区段现有和可能诱发的地质灾害、地基不均匀沉降、软土、坍岸等问题的防治。建立的评价方法在丘陵城市工程建设适宜性评价上适用性较好。     

Relationship Between Urban Road Traffic Characteristics and Road Grade Based on a Time Series Clustering Model: A Case Study in Nanjing,China

With the increasing number of vehicles in large- and medium-sized cities challenges in urban traffic management, control, and road planning are being faced. Taxi GPS trajectory data is a novel data source that can be used to study the potential dynamic traffic characteristics of urban roads, and thus identify locations that show a notable lack of road planning. Considering that road traffic characteristics on their own are insufficient for a comprehensive understanding of urban traffic, we develop a road traffic characteristic time series clustering model to analyze the relationship between urban road traffic characteristics and road grade based on existing taxi trajectory data. We select the main urban area of Nanjing as our study area and use the taxi trajectory data of a single month for evaluating our method. The experiments show that the clustering model exhibit good performance and can be successfully used for road traffic characteristic classification. Moreover, we analyze the correlation between traffic characteristics and road grade to identify road segments with planning designs that do not match the actual traffic demands.