对金矿成矿作用的重新认识

含金建造是富含C、S、Fe的沉积岩系或火山沉积岩系,根据形成环境和演化特点,将含金建造划分5种类型.认为金元素地球化学二重性决定其成矿作用具有二重性,含金建造是各种类型内生金矿床成矿物质的直接来源,成矿热液来源于建造水.对独立金矿床进行了类型划分,强调含金建造的存在是金矿成矿的基本条件,运用液态矿源说和二次迁移论探讨了成矿作用机制,并建立了金矿成矿模式.     

三维地形图中碎石区域表达方法研究

改变了三维地形图中以纹理贴图的形式表达碎石区域的常见方法,充分考虑光照视觉效果和重力作用的影响等诸多因素,提出了一套符合人们空间认知习惯的碎石模型自动建立方法,能较好地对碎石区域内不同光照条件、不同高程处的碎石分布特征及个体形态进行逼真模拟,有助于其他类似地貌符号模型的自动建立。     

地图自动综合中Beams移位算法的实现与改进

地图自动综合中,基于Beams模型的全局最优化移位算法通过借鉴材料力学中杆件结构的移位和变形,模拟地图上空间目标(群)在移位操作中的传递性和衰减性,从而较好地保持地图目标(群)的形状、空间关系和分布模式。然而,目前对该算法实现细节的介绍仍然较少,也没有可操作的参数(弹性模量、横截面积和惯性力矩)设置方法。针对此种情况,对算法进行了实现与改进。首先,介绍了算法的基本数学模型与有限元求解方法;然后,从算法实现的角度,详细研究了Beams模型刚度矩阵和外力向量的计算和聚合等关键问题;最后,在降低参数复杂性的前提下,提出了一种自适应参数设置方法来改进算法。为了验证算法的可行性和适用性,在Delaunay三角网的支持下,分别对道路网和建筑物群进行移位,结果表明改进后的算法可较好地应用于地图上线状目标(群)和离散面状目标群的移位。     

Adsorption Characteristics of β‐Ionone in Water on Granular Activated Carbon

The adsorption performance of β‐ionone on four types of granular activated carbon (GAC) in water was investigated through batch experiments. The effect of initial β‐ionone concentrations and natural organic matter (NOM) adsorbed on GAC, adsorption kinetic and isothermal models were also studied. The results showed that four types of GAC all had good adsorption performance for β‐ionone, the equilibrium adsorption amount of the GAC employed was in the order of YK > GK > MZ‐A > MZ‐B. The adsorption amount increased with increasing initial concentrations. The presence of NOM could reduce adsorption of β‐ionone to a certain extent, and small molecular weight (MW) fractions (particularly <1000 Da) exhibited a remarkably competitive effect on the adsorption of β‐ionone. The experimental data showed good correlation with pseudo‐first‐order model. Furthermore, adsorption of β‐ionone on GAC fitted Freundlich, Langmuir, and Tempkin isotherms in the range of experimental concentrations, but followed Freundlich isothermal model most appropriate. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated by the results of the experiment, which showed adsorption of β‐ionone on GAC as being endothermic and spontaneous.     

Analytical layer element solutions for deformations of transversely isotropic multilayered elastic media under nonaxisymmetric loading

This paper presents the analytical layer element solutions for deformations of transversely isotropic elastic media subjected to nonaxisymmetric loading at an arbitrary depth. The state vectors for the nonaxisymmetric problem are deduced through the substitution of the Hu Hai‐chang solutions into the basic equations for the transversely isotropic elastic media. From the state vectors, the analytical layer element of a single layer is obtained in the Hankel transformed domain. The analytical layer element is an exact and symmetric stiffness matrix whose elements are without positive exponential functions, which can not only simplify the calculation but also improve the stability of computation. On the basis of the continuity conditions between adjacent layers, the global stiffness matrix is obtained by assembling the interrelated layer elements. The solutions for the multilayered elastic media in the transformed domain are obtained by solving the algebraic equation of the global stiffness matrix, which satisfies the boundary conditions. The actual solutions in the physical domain are further obtained by inverting the Hankel transform. Finally, some cases are analyzed to verify the solutions and evaluate the influences of the transversely isotropic character and stratified character of the media on the load–displacement responses. The numerical results show that the variations of the elastic properties between layers have a great effect on the displacements of the multilayered media. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

紫外脉冲荧光微量铀分析仪及其应用

本简要介绍了一种新型的紫外脉冲荧光微量铀分析仪(MUA型)，并应用该仪器对岩石、土壤及水系沉积物等样品中的铀进行了分析。结果表明，该仪器具有较高的灵敏度、较强的抗干扰能力和较好的精密度。用该仪器按EJ／T550—2000核工业行业标准方法对国家一级标准物质进行分析，分析结果与其对应的推荐值相符甚好，另外还对3个水平的国家一级标准物质进行精密度试验，相对标准偏差均小于5％。