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山西太原古交矿区马兰煤矿主斜井底水仓布置在奥陶系顶部隔水关键层内,其底板为奥陶系峰峰组灰岩,隔水层厚度4.17 m,受到底板奥灰承压含水层的严重威胁。为了消除突水隐患,在水仓底板岩石变形破坏机理模拟研究的基础上,同时考虑到研究区奥灰含水层距离近、水量大的特殊情况,探索出一种新型注浆加固方法对水仓底板进行注浆加固,并取得了良好效果。设计为一钢筋混凝土盖先覆于水仓底板上,同时用加强筋与围岩连接,之后再采用浅孔低压与深孔高压交替注浆充填的方法进行加固。此方法使水仓底板与围岩成为一个整体,对浆液起到封闭作用,使底板更加稳固。 相似文献
43.
IntroductionBasedontheresearchresultSofmanyintemalandextemalseismologiSts,mediuminseis-mogeniczonemaybethecrackedinordermediumsaturatedwithfluid(airorwater),namely,two-phaseanisotropicmedium.Inseismicprospecting,oilorgasreservoirrockmayaPproachtothecrackedtwo-phaseanisotropicmediumtoo.Therefore,thefiJrtherstudyonpropagaiontheoryofseismicwavesintWo-phaseanisotropicmediumpossessestheoreticalsignificanceandaPPlicationprospects-Inthispaper,onthebasisofthetheoryofseismicwavesinanuid-sbedporousso… 相似文献
44.
After an earthquake, earthquake emergency response and rescue are important ways to mitigate earthquake-induced losses. Various earthquake emergency maps can provide effective references and guidance to those actions. Currently, related studies include the investigation on symbols of emergency maps, remote sensing emergency mapping and GIS-based mapping methods. However, the existing studies overlook the characteristics of rapidity, dynamicity and variety of presentation methods in making earthquake emergency maps. In this paper, a map template matching method is used to quickly make earthquake emergency maps considering their characteristics. We take investigations on the service objects(users)of the earthquake emergency maps to understand the needs of making earthquake emergency maps. The audience theory in mass media field and map information transmission theory are adopted to classify the users of the earthquake emergency maps into four categories: earthquake emergency commanders, technical staffs for decision-making, earthquake emergency rescuers, and the public. The components of different types of users are described and then their diverse demands in earthquake emergency maps are analyzed, such as the needs of on-field disaster information maps, earthquake information maps, physical geography and social economic maps. Following those needs, we introduce the representation methods of the earthquake emergency maps according to their formats(vector or raster)and contents, such as point symbolization method, kilometer grid method, line symbolization method and range method. Then, we study the rapid plotting method of earthquake emergency map based on map template matching method. The core steps of the method include: 1)before earthquake, the templates of different earthquake emergency maps are designed, prepared and connect the earthquake emergency features with their related spatial database. The map layout and map elements are stored in the templates. 2)After earthquake, the earthquake emergency features will be generated from seismic models(such as attenuation model of earthquake magnitude and seismic intensity)or the information obtained from field investigation. 3)Corresponding earthquake emergency map template is selected in accordance with the generated seismic features. And the features are used to update related features inside the selected template. 4)Minor adjustments are made such as to the map scale and some map annotations to finally generate the formal earthquake emergency map. Architecture of template system of the earthquake emergency maps is designed, including map user level, map template level, template layer level and map element level. Regrading to the architecture, the general map template of earthquake emergency is presented which includes four main regions: title region, main picture region, auxiliary region and annotation region. The main picture region is the essential, which lays geographic background maps and earthquake emergency features. Finally, an earthquake emergency mapping system is developed. Based on the system, a case study is presented, which demonstrates making a simulated seismic intensity influence map. From three aspects, the case presents the application of the template-matching method including: generating earthquake emergency features, substituting the features inside the template with the generated features, and revising map annotations. Therefore, the map template matching method is verified so that it can be used to quickly generate various earthquake emergency maps. 相似文献
45.
本文定义了各向异性黏弹性参数修正因子,并将其引入到黏弹性模型中以体现泥质含量对黏弹性机制的影响,同时将波传播过程中孔隙介质骨架黏弹性力学机制与两种孔隙流体流动力学机制(Biot流动和喷射流动机制)有机地统一起来处理,从而给出了描述含泥质低孔渗孔隙各向异性介质中波传播规律的黏弹性Biot/squirt (BISQ)模型.数值计算结果表明,入射波的方位角、各向异性渗透率以及泥质含量等对含流体复杂孔隙介质中波频散和衰减的影响具有显著的方位各向异性特征,在低频范围内(地震波勘探频率)黏弹性力学机制对波传播能量的衰减起主导作用. 相似文献
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47.
顺义地裂缝成因与顺义-良乡断裂北段第四纪活动性讨论 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文通过钻孔地层对比方法研究了顺义一良乡断裂北段的第四纪活动性,资料显示该断裂在第四纪期间呈现强弱交替的分期活动特征,距今315万年以来有3个较强活动期和3个较弱活动期,前三者分别距今266~315、171~228、73~147万年,后三者距今分别为228.266、147~171、0~73万年。中更新世晚期以来断裂活动不明显。超量开采地下水导致地面不均匀沉降是造成顺义地裂缝现今活动的主要原因。 相似文献
48.
花山复式岩体位于华北地块南缘,采用LA-ICP-MS技术测得复式岩体中的中细粒似斑状黑云二长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为128±1Ma,此年龄被解释为成岩年龄。该岩体及邻近的五丈山岩体中花岗岩具有高硅、富碱特征,为准铝-弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列;在稀土和微量元素上,富集LREE、Rb、Ba、K、Sr等大离子亲石元素,亏损HREE、Zr、Hf、Ta、Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素,总体上Eu异常不明显,显示出I-A过渡型花岗岩的特征。锆石Lu-Hf同位素组成表明,花山花岗岩的εHf(t)主要变化于-25.8~-19.6之间,tDM2为2.81~2.43Ga,显示源区物质以古老的壳源物质为主,有年轻组分的参与。与岩体外围多金属成矿年龄的对比分析发现,外围金、钼矿床与花山复式岩体的年龄一致,比五丈山岩体晚20~25Ma,表明金、钼矿的形成与花山岩体在时空上联系密切,该岩体可能为成矿提供了热源。 相似文献
49.
提出一种基于SRG剖分方法的剖分编码与经纬度坐标之间的转换算法,不涉及任何投影变换,计算过程只需加、减、乘、除简单算术运算,计算速度快,且SRG剖分编码本身就具有固定的方向性,利于邻近搜索。算法中采用坐标系辅助区分一些难以区分的菱形块,降低了转化误码率,进而提高了转换的精度。 相似文献
50.