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91.
92.
SAVITA PATWARDHAN ASHWINI KULKARNI K KRISHNA KUMAR 《Journal of Earth System Science》2012,121(1):203-210
A state-of-the-art regional climate modelling system, known as PRECIS (Providing REgional Climates for Impacts Studies) developed
by the Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research, UK is applied over the Indian domain to investigate the impact of
global warming on the cyclonic disturbances such as depressions and storms. The PRECIS simulations at 50 × 50 km horizontal
resolution are made for two time slices, present (1961–1990) and the future (2071–2100), for two socioeconomic scenarios A2
and B2. The model simulations under the scenarios of increasing greenhouse gas concentrations and sulphate aerosols are analysed
to study the likely changes in the frequency, intensity and the tracks of cyclonic disturbances forming over north Indian
Ocean (Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea) and the Indian landmass during monsoon season. The model overestimates the frequency
of cyclonic disturbances over the Indian subcontinent in baseline simulations (1961–1990). The change is evaluated towards
the end of present century (2071–2100) with respect to the baseline climate. The present study indicates that the storm tracks
simulated by the model are southwards as compared to the observed tracks during the monsoon season, especially for the two
main monsoon months, viz., July and August. The analysis suggests that the frequency of cyclonic disturbances forming over
north Indian Ocean is likely to reduce by 9% towards the end of the present century in response to the global warming. However,
the intensity of cyclonic disturbances is likely to increase by about 11% compared to the present. 相似文献
93.
94.
Ice nucleating particle(INP) measurements were made at two high-altitude stations in India. Aerosols collected on filter paper at Girawali Observatory, Inter University Center for Astronomy Astrophysics(IGO), and at the Radio Astronomy Center, Ooty(RAC), were activated in deposition mode using a thermal gradient diffusion chamber to determine the INP concentrations. The measurement campaigns at IGO were conducted during 2011, 2013 and 2014, and at RAC during 2013 and 2014. When the aerosol samples were exposed to an ice supersaturation of between 5% and 23% in the temperature range~(-1)7.6?C to-22?C, the maximum INP number concentration at IGO and RAC was 1.0 L~(-1) and 1.6 L~(-1), respectively.A maximum correlation coefficient of 0.76 was observed between the INP number concentration and ice supersaturation. The airmass trajectories analyzed for the measurement campaigns showed that the Arabian Desert and arid regions were the main INP contributors. Elemental analysis of particles showed the presence of Na, Cl, Si, Al, Fe, Cu, Co, Cd, S, Mn and K, as well as some rare-Earth elements like Mo, Ru, La, Ce, V and Zr. When aerosols in the size range 0.5–20 μm were considered, the fraction that acted as INPs was 1 : 10~4 to 1 : 10~6 at IGO, and 1 : 10~3 to 1 : 10~4 at RAC. The higher ratio of INPs to aerosols at RAC than IGO may be attributable to the presence of rare-Earth elements observed in the aerosol samples at RAC, which were absent at IGO. 相似文献
95.
DHRUVA KUMAR PANDEY SHAILENDRA RAI A K SAHAI S ABHILASH N K SHAHI 《Journal of Earth System Science》2016,125(1):29-45
This study investigates the forecast skill and predictability of various indices of south Asian monsoon as well as the subdivisions of the Indian subcontinent during JJAS season for the time domain of 2001–2013 using NCEP CFSv2 output. It has been observed that the daily mean climatology of precipitation over the land points of India is underestimated in the model forecast as compared to observation. The monthly model bias of precipitation shows the dry bias over the land points of India and also over the Bay of Bengal, whereas the Himalayan and Arabian Sea regions show the wet bias. We have divided the Indian landmass into five subdivisions namely central India, southern India, Western Ghat, northeast and southern Bay of Bengal regions based on the spatial variation of observed mean precipitation in JJAS season. The underestimation over the land points of India during mature phase was originated from the central India, southern Bay of Bengal, southern India and Western Ghat regions. The error growth in June forecast is slower as compared to July forecast in all the regions. The predictability error also grows slowly in June forecast as compared to July forecast in most of the regions. The doubling time of predictability error was estimated to be in the range of 3–5 days for all the regions. Southern India and Western Ghats are more predictable in the July forecast as compared to June forecast, whereas IMR, northeast, central India and southern Bay of Bengal regions have the opposite nature. 相似文献
96.
B M KUKRETI G K SHARMA PRAMOD KUMAR SANDEEP HAMILTON 《Journal of Earth System Science》2016,125(4):737-744
This paper discusses an experimental approach to examine uranium exploration avenue over the geologically extended parts of Mahadek basin in Meghalaya, amid some of the environmental constraints. Study comprises periodic measurements of prevailing ambient gamma levels across 320 georeference points, in relation to the major litho units of Mahadek basin, covering 673 line km of Khasi Hills. Acquired sample data points were then analysed in geostatistical software (SurferTM) to develop analytical model of sample variogram having bearing on the uranium exploration in the area. Study findings have given encouraging surface indicators with mostly elevated gamma levels over the parts of West Khasi Hills. Delineated gamma anomalous zones are lithologically well correlated including to that of existing uranium occurrences in the basin. Identified anomalous zones over the parts of West Khasi Hills by this study work, are mainly associated with the Mahadek sandstone (Upper and Lower Mahadek) and Precambrian basement granites. Lower Mahadek sandstone is host rock for uranium mineralisation in the basin. Initial findings suggest with the closer spatial resolution (~1 km) of sample data points, the approach adopted by the study work holds promising application in locating potential uranium exploration targets especially to the extended and inaccessible parts of the basin. 相似文献
97.
98.
1 INTRODUCTION Bivalve shells are found in biologically productive coastal regions encompassing the surf zone, tidal entrance and estuarine waters near the entrances. An example of a beach composed exclusively of shells (about 97% of the surficial sedimentary material) is the beach at John o'Groats in Scotland (Raymond and Hutchins, 1932; Komar, 1976). Southern Gulf Coast of Florida in USA (Runsak et al., 1966; Austin, 1971) and the banks of Lower Medway estuary in England (Kirby,… 相似文献
99.
A simple extension of our previous work in which digital filters were developed to transform dipole resistivity measurements over layered earth to Schlumberger ones leads us to the development of filters for transforming the latter to the former. As in the previous work we use a sampling interval of 1/6 In 10 in designing the filters that are both accurate and fast in operation. 相似文献
100.
Several new features are described which facilitate an automatic, more meaningful, and more accurate interpretation of gravity anomalies associated with approximately two-dimensional mass distributions. These include a provision for fixed points on the bounds of a distribution, outward dipping boundaries, calculation of the gravity effect at individual elevations of stations, smoothing of models and end-corrections for distributions of limited strike length. It is possible to obtain distributions about a median plane; these distributions are sensitive to shape and allow estimates of optimum depths and minimum density contrasts for the anomalous masses. 相似文献