乌鲁木齐市酸雨特征及变化趋势

通过对乌鲁木齐市1991—2007年降水pH值、K值(电导率)以及相关的天气气候资料的处理,分析了酸雨特征和变化趋势。结果表明:pH平均值有逐年降低的趋势;从2000年开始K平均值呈下降趋势;降水pH平均值和K平均值具有明显的季节变化;供暖对pH平均值和K平均值造成很大的影响,是形成酸雨的重要因素之一。     

塔中45井油气藏成藏期的厘定

在塔中45井的萤石中发现两期烃包裹体:第Ⅰ期烃包裹体为产于萤石中的发黄色弱荧光的原生液相烃包裹体,沿萤石生长纹分布,与萤石同生;第Ⅱ期烃包裹体为产于萤石中的发蓝白色强荧光的次生气液相烃包裹体,分布在萤石的愈合缝中,晚于萤石形成.烃包裹体组分分析和赋存矿物测年结果表明,第Ⅰ期油来源于中上奥陶统,是一期成熟油的充注;第Ⅱ期油应形成于喜马拉雅期,主要来源于高成熟的寒武系烃源岩,是由寒武系原油裂解后再一次大规模轻质油侵入而形成的,第Ⅱ期是奥陶系萤石层段的油气藏主要成藏期     

Magma Chamber Process of Post-collisional Magmatism: Insight from Textural and Elemental Characteristics of Plagioclase from the Tatun Volcanic Group, Northern Taiwan Volcanic Zone

The Taiwan mountain belt, one of the youngest orogenies in the world, is caused by the collision of the Luzon arc with the Eurasian margin, which leads to post-collisional extension and magmatism in the Northern Taiwan Volcanic Zone (NTVZ). The magma chamber process in this region has not previously been elucidated in detail. In this paper, the textural and compositional features of plagioclase phenocrysts in basalt from the Tatun Volcanic Group (TTVG) were studied to restrict the dynamics of magma system. Results show that the magma melts in TTVG are mainly sourced from the underlying MORB-like mantle wedge but influenced by incorporation of subduction components, causing the elevated Sr/Y and Ba/Y ratios in magma melts. The subduction components are mainly transported in the form of sediment melt. The plagioclase phenocrysts in the TTVG volcanic rocks are generally coarsely core-sieved with a clear rim. The An contents in the rims of plagioclase are much lower than those of cores, and elevated FeO concentrations are detected in the plagioclase rims. We propose there exists a double-layer magma chamber in this region. The core of the plagioclase was crystalized in the deeper quiescent magma chamber (~21 km), which was subsequently partially dissolved during the ascent of magma melt under H2O-undersaturated condition, forming the typical coarsely sieved texture and synneusis. When this crystal-rich melt migrates into the shallower chamber, water saturation is reached and more sodic plagioclase formed as the rim of phenocryst. Due to the considerably higher fO2 in the shallow chamber than in the deeper one, and the distribution of Fe between plagioclase and melt positively correlates with fO2, the FeO content in the plagioclase rim elevates in conjunction with increasing fO2.     

末次冰期最盛期热带西太平洋的海洋表层温度

热带西太平洋是全球海-气相互作用最强烈的区域,在地球气候系统中极为重要。为获得该海区末次冰盛期(LGM)海洋表层温度(SST)变化,以Ontong-Java海台WP7浮游有孔虫G.ruber为材料,结合其他站位,通过求解由G.ruber壳体镁钙元素比值(Mg/Ca)、壳体氧同位素(δ18Oc)和SST相互关系组成的方程组,排除了海水盐度对G.ruber壳体Mg/Ca的影响,对SST降幅进行了估算。结果表明,热带西太平洋LGM时期SST较晚全新世(LH)降幅达到了4.5℃,其中西太平洋暖池核心区(29℃等温线以内)约3.9℃,远大于以前的估算结果,但小于热带印度洋约5.8℃的结果,接近热带东太平洋约3.6℃的SST降幅,这可能是LGM时期西太暖池规模向东缩小的结果。     

利用元胞自动机计算河道槽蓄量

构建基于元胞自动机的河道水流漫延模型,在该模型中针对河道地形特点处理边界问题,基于水力学中的曼宁公式构建模型局部转换规则,并利用元胞自动机的模拟空间复杂系统动态演变能力的特点,模拟了水流由上断面向下断面流动的动态过程,形成符合上下断面水位的水面,进而计算河道槽蓄量。实验结果表明,把元胞自动机模型引入水文领域计算河道槽蓄量的方法具有可行性。     

广西六万山印支早期花岗岩地球化学特征及锆石U-Pb年龄

广西六万山印支早期花岗岩的岩性主要为堇青黑云二长花岗岩,根据岩石结构特征及侵入接触关系可划分为4个侵入单元。利用LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素测定技术,4个侵入单元的锆石206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值分别为252.8±1.9Ma（MSWD=0.92）、249.2±1.9Ma（MSWD=1.2）、248.3±3.2Ma（MSWD=2.1）、246.8±2.8Ma（MSWD=2.2）。地球化学分析结果表明,花岗岩在岩石化学上富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K等,相对亏损高场强元素Ta、Nb、Ti等,反映出与俯冲带有关的岛弧岩浆岩相似的地球化学特征。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线呈右倾型,具明显的Eu负异常,相对富集重稀土元素,与典型壳源花岗岩配分曲线一致。部分熔融与分离结晶模型（La/Sm-La）显示,花岗岩主要由部分熔融作用形成,演化过程经历了一定程度的分离结晶作用。结合花岗岩岩石化学特征、微量元素地球化学特征及花岗岩构造环境判别图解,认为六万山印支早期花岗岩的形成经历了早期洋-陆俯冲阶段到晚期陆-陆碰撞阶段的构造演化过程。     

甘肃阳山金矿碳氢氧同位素与成矿流体来源

甘肃文县阳山金矿的探明黄金储量已达308t,平均品位4.74g/t,是我国地质勘查储量最大的金矿床.该矿床产于西秦岭造山带,是一个同碰撞形成的类卡林型金矿床,矿体受EW向韧脆性剪切带控制,赋矿围岩为泥盆系碳质千枚岩-板岩-碳酸盐-硅质岩和侵入其中的花岗斑岩脉.热液石英的流体包裹体之δ13CCO2(PDB)值为-2.5‰～-5.6‰,δ13CCH4(PDB)值为-23.1‰～-32.6‰,说明成矿流体来源于碳酸盐地层或相似岩石建造的变质或/和改造脱水作用.该结论尚被流体氢氧同位素研究结果所证明,成矿早阶段和主阶段流体的δ18OW值介于9.5‰～15.3‰,δDW值为-86‰～-73‰.两件矿化晚阶段流体的δ18OW氧分别为2.7‰和6.8‰,表明有强烈的大气降水热液混入.总体而言,成矿流体系统从早到晚、从深到浅.由变质热液演变为大气降水热液.特别补充说明,上述研究结果和认识与我们根据流体包裹体和矿床地质研究得出的结论相吻合.     

Comparative Studies on Phosphorus Uptake and Growth Kinetics of the Microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis and the Macroalga Ulva pertusa

Short-term uptake experiments and long-term semicontinuous culture experiments were performed under the condition of phosphorus (P) limitation to estimate and compare the P uptake and growth kinetics of the microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis and the macroalga Ulva pertusa. Two new parameters, the maximum specific uptake rate (Vm^sp) and the maximal growth efficiency (β), are introduced to achieve uniformity for the comparison of nutrient uptake and growth efficiency between microalgae and macroalgae. T. subcordiformis possesses 3 times lower half saturation uptake constant, 4 times higher maximal growth rate and 20 times higher maximum specific uptake rate than U. pertusa, while U. pertusa possesses 4 times higher maximal growth efficiency than T. subcordiformis.     

射电宇宙各向同性吗？

本文报告了小尺度河外射电源喷流和内禀偏振位置角分布的统计结果。我们发现，毫角秒喷流分布和内禀偏振位置角分布呈各向异性。这一现象的内禀真实性相当值得怀疑，因为它与我们的宇宙学三大基本原则之一相悖，但它在统计上的显著性是相当高的，至少我们可以认为在一些巡天工作中存在某种不清楚的传播效应，选择效应或缺陷     

密云232MHz星表的可靠性研究(英文)

利用密云综合孔径射电望远镜，在232MHZ频率，对于北纬30°以上天区的巡天已经完成.除了银道面区域（|b|＜10°）的射电源外，密云总星表（MGC）共包含了26957颗射电源．MGC的完整性和均匀性已在另文讨论．本文将利用所有处理完的MSRT资料和其它已发表的主要射电源表，研究密云总星表的可靠性．