黄土高原晚更新世的植被与气候环境

在被认为孢粉贫乏的黄土中分析出了大量孢粉,首次作出了黄土地层的孢粉浓度图式。根据１０余个剖面上孢粉组合的变化,阐明了晚更新世的植被与气候在时间上演替与空间上分布的规律,证明了各地植被在时间上的演变韵律十分相似,说明它们同受全球气候变化的控制,但同一时期在空间上各地植被不尽相同,此乃局地自然环境差异所致。根据植被变化重建了古气温曲线。     

干旱区绿洲土壤共存重金属元素形态变化及生物有效性实验分析

采用盆栽试验,初步研究了干旱区绿洲土壤—胡萝卜系统中镉、锌、镍3种重金属的形态变化特征及其生物有效性问题。结果表明：供试绿洲土壤原状土中,Cd、Zn、Ni均以稳定的残渣态形式存在,而处理土壤中重金属被钝化的量有限,Cd的存在形式主要以碳酸盐态为主,Zn、Ni则主要以铁锰氧化态为主;3种元素的活性大小依次为Cd＞Ni＞Zn。根据回归分析,元素Zn对胡萝卜块茎和茎叶吸收Zn量贡献最大的分别是Zn的碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化态;元素Ni对胡萝卜各部位吸收贡献最大的均为Ni的铁锰氧化态。     

Formation of an anticyclonic eddy and the mechanism involved: a case study using cruise data from the northern South China Sea

Data from satellite altimetry and in situ observations together with the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model(HYCOM)reanalysis data were used to investigate the mechanism and formation of an anticyclonic eddy in the northeastern South China Sea(SCS).Analysis of water mass using cruise data indicated that the water captured in the eddy differs from those in the SCS,the Kuroshio intrusion,and the eddy-forming region.Data from sea surface height(SSH)and sea level anomaly(SLA)indicate that the eddy formed due both to the Kuroshio intrusion and the local circulation in the SCS.The Kuroshio intrusion is present at the start of the eddy growth(March 5-9)before Kuroshio leaps the Luzon Strait.The eddy then becomes larger and stronger in the absence of the Kuroshio intrusion.From the eddy budget of the HYCOM reanalysis data,the formation of the eddy goes in three steps.By the third step,the eddy had become affected by variations of local SCS circulation,which is more strongly than in the first step in which it is affected more by the Kuroshio intrusion.The variability of the temperature and salinity inside the eddy provide a support to this conclusion.The water in the SCS intruded into the eddy from the southeast,which decrease the salinity gradually in the southern part of the eddy during the growth period.     

中国沿海GPS站用于潮波系数提取分析

首先给出了基于GNSS-MR技术提取潮波系数的原理与方法,然后利用布设在浙江省石浦港验潮室屋顶的GPS站DSPU实测数据对潮波系数进行了提取,并与验潮站实测潮位调和分析结果进行了对比分析。实验结果表明GPS-MR反演潮位与验潮站实测潮位值吻合较好,相关系数优于0.97;GPS-MR反演潮位与验潮站实测潮位获取的潮波系数基本一致,除M2、S2外其它差异较小。两者获取的潮波系数差异主要因为DSPU测站观测环境极大地影响了GPS-MR提取潮位精度。沿海GNSS站用于潮位监测和潮波系数提取,将进一步拓展沿海GNSS监测站的应用领域,在一定程度上可弥补验潮站的不足。     

Formation of an anticyclonic eddy and the mechanism involved: a case study using cruise data from the northern South China Sea

Data from satellite altimetry and in situ observations together with the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) reanalysis data were used to investigate the mechanism and formation of an anticyclonic eddy in the northeastern South China Sea (SCS). Analysis of water mass using cruise data indicated that the water captured in the eddy diff ers from those in the SCS, the Kuroshio intrusion, and the eddy-forming region. Data from sea surface height (SSH) and sea level anomaly (SLA) indicate that the eddy formed due both to the Kuroshio intrusion and the local circulation in the SCS. The Kuroshio intrusion is present at the start of the eddy growth (March 5-9) before Kuroshio leaps the Luzon Strait. The eddy then becomes larger and stronger in the absence of the Kuroshio intrusion. From the eddy budget of the HYCOM reanalysis data, the formation of the eddy goes in three steps. By the third step, the eddy had become aff ected by variations of local SCS circulation, which is more strongly than in the fi rst step in which it is aff ected more by the Kuroshio intrusion. The variability of the temperature and salinity inside the eddy provide a support to this conclusion. The water in the SCS intruded into the eddy from the southeast, which decrease the salinity gradually in the southern part of the eddy during the growth period.     

基于磁矩分解的运动舰船磁场模型研究

当前的舰船磁场模型大都是通过其静态特性而构建的,现实适用性较差。围绕运动舰船磁场不同航向、不同航区的适应性模型展开研究。首先分析了舰船磁场建模的等效源方法,接着研究了运动舰船磁场磁矩分解的原理与方法。主要思路是先测量舰船在东、西、南、北 4 个航向上的舰船下方 1 个平面的磁场三分量数据,将这 4 组数据分别作为同一舰船在不同磁化状态下的边界条件,求解出舰船在东、西、南、北 4 种不同磁化状态下的磁矩参数,最后联合求解磁源的固定磁矩和感磁磁矩参数。通过以上过程便可计算出舰船在任意航向、任意航行地点的磁矩,利用磁矩解算磁场得到运动舰船磁场模型。     

结合nDSM的高分辨率遥感影像深度学习分类方法

针对高分辨率遥感影像因其地物类内差异大、光谱信息相对欠缺导致现有影像分类方法存在错分现象较多、地物边界残缺不完整等问题,本文提出了一种归一化数字表面模型（nDSM）约束的高分辨率遥感影像深度学习分类方法。首先,将nDSM数据作为附加波段叠加在遥感影像上并获取训练样本;然后,利用优化的U-Net网络进行模型训练得到最优模型;最后,利用最优模型对附加了nDSM波段的遥感影像进行地物分类。试验结果表明,本文方法引入nDSM数据用于U-Net模型训练和分类,可有效提高影像分类精度,得到更加真实可靠的分类结果。     

发酵浒苔对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长、非特异性免疫及消化酶活性的影响

浒苔经发酵后按添加比例（0%、1%、2%、3%、4%、5%）分别加入到珍珠龙胆石斑鱼（Epinephelus lanceolatus♂×Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀）基础饲料中配制成6种饲料,用以探讨发酵浒苔对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长、肠消化酶活性及血清非特异性免疫力的影响。选用初始平均体质量为（19.16±0.25）g的珍珠龙胆石斑鱼为研究材料,试验周期28 d。结果表明:发酵浒苔能显著影响石斑鱼的增重率（WGR）和特定生长率（SGR）（P<0.05）,且随着发酵浒苔添加水平的升高呈现先升高后降低的趋势,在2%组添加量时显著高于对照组。同时,相比于对照组,各添加组饲料系数（FCR）均有下降,在2%组时显著降低（P<0.05）。添加发酵浒苔可以显著提高血清总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）的活性（P<0.05）,但对溶菌酶（LZM）和酚氧化酶（PO）活性影响差异不显著（P>0.05）。在添加组中,淀粉酶、脂肪酶以及胰蛋白酶活性均得到了显著提高（P<0.05）,添加水平在2%~3%时效果最好。综合发酵浒苔对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的作用效果可以看出,发酵浒苔可以明显促进其生长,提高非特异性免疫力及肠道中消化酶活力,建议发酵浒苔在饲料中添加量为2%左右。     

伊犁盆地南缘可地浸砂岩型铀矿床远景地段影像特征及识别

本文阐述了科学试验卫星像片的二次开发研究,计算机三维立体模拟显示及多参数特征提取的原理、方法和步骤;综合研究了伊犁盆地南缘可地浸砂岩型铀矿不同级别的远景地段在不同类型影像上的特征,分析了远景地段影像特征的内涵及地质意义,并据此对远景地段影像特征进行了识别。在此基础上,采用层层剥笋、步步深入、逐次缩小范围的方法,对伊犁盆地从区域成矿远景、有利地段（靶区）的优选到矿区范围有利勘探地段进行了逐步分级预测,取得了良好的验证效果。