新疆哈密至罗布泊沿线盐渍土特征及其灾害探析

新疆地区盐渍土分布范围较广,尤其以死亡之海著称的罗布泊地区,盐渍土现象更为突出。哈密至罗布泊沿线路段地处在温差大,地下水矿化度高,降雨量少,蒸发量大的自然环境下,这种自然环境易导致出现各种盐渍土病害。盐渍土地带的病害主要有盐胀、翻浆、溶陷和腐蚀等类型,其中盐胀和溶陷对路基的影响尤为严重。本文将通过对沿线盐渍土特征的分析,为哈罗沿线的公路、铁路等工程的盐渍土病害防治提供相应的参考依据。     

Reactive Transport Process of Earthquake-induced Hydro-chemical Changes in Guanding Thermal Spring, Western Sichuan, China

Earthquake-related hydrochemical changes in thermal springs have been widely observed; however, quantitative modeling of the reactive transport process is absent. In the present study, we apply reactive transport simulation to capture the hydrochemical responses in a thermal spring following the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 and Lushan Ms 7.0 earthquakes. We first constrain deep reservoir geothermal fluid compositions and temperature by multicomponent geothermometry, and then a reactive geochemical transport model is constructed to reproduce the hydrochemical evolution process. The results show that the recharge from the shallow aquifer increases gradually until it reaches a peak because of the permeability enhancement caused by the Lushan earthquake, which may be the mechanism to explain the earthquake-related hydrochemical responses. In contrast to the postseismic effect of the Wenchuan earthquake, the chemical evolution can be considered as hydrochemical anomalies related to the Lushan earthquake. This study proves that the efficient simulation of reactive transport processes is useful for investigating earthquake-related signals in hydrochemical time series.     

北太平洋和北冰洋大气中多氯联苯的浓度与气固分配行为

Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) were measured in atmospheric samples collected from the North Pacific to the Arctic Ocean between July and September 2012 to study the atmospheric concentration characteristics of PCBs and their gas/particle partitioning. The mean concentration of 26 ∑PCBs(vapor plus particulate phase)(∑PCBs) was 19.116 pg/m3 with a standard deviation of 13.833 pg/m3. Three most abundant congeners were CB-28,-52 and-77, accounting for 43.0% to ∑PCBs. The predominance of vapor PCBs(79.0% to ∑PCBs) in the atmosphere was observed. PCBs were negative correlated with the latitudes and inverse of the absolute temperature(1/T). The significant correlation for most congeners was also observed between the logarithm of gas/particle partition coefficient(log KP) and 1/T. Shallower slopes(from-0.15 to-0.46, average-0.27) were measured from the regression of the logarithm of sub-cooled liquid vapor pressures(logpo L) and log KP for all samples. The difference of the slopes and intercepts among samples was insignificant(p0.1), implying adsorption and/or absorption processes and the aerosol composition did not differ significantly among different samples. By comparing three models, the J-P adsorption model, the octanol/air partition coefficient(KOA) based model and the soot-air model, the gas/particle partitioning of PCBs in the Arctic atmosphere was simulated more precisely by the soot-air model, and the adsorption onto elemental carbon is more sensitive than the absorption into organic matters of aerosols, especially for lowchlorinated PCB congeners.     

地学多源数据集成方法分析与应用

地学数据库是地调成果数据资料的汇总和集成,是地质调查信息化建设的重要体现.随着地学信息资源的不断积累,以应用为目的的多源数据信息的集成开发和利用将是推进国家地质工作不断前进的动力,能更好地为地调科研和社会大众服务.阐述了地学多源数据的产生,并对多源数据的集成方法进行了分析,介绍了通过GIS软件实现多源数据集成的技术基础和应用方法.     

Period–luminosity relations for type II Cepheids and their application

JHK _s magnitudes corrected to mean intensity are estimated for Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) type II Cepheids in the OGLE-III survey the third phase of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE). Period–luminosity (PL) relations are derived in JHK _s as well as in a reddening-free VI parameter. Within the uncertainties, the BL Her stars  ( P < 4 d)  and the W Vir stars (   P = 4  to 20 d) are colinear in these PL relations. The slopes of the infrared relations agree with those found previously for type II Cepheids in globular clusters within the uncertainties. Using the pulsation parallaxes of V553 Cen and SW Tau, the data lead to an LMC modulus uncorrected for any metallicity effects of  18.46 ± 0.10  mag. The type II Cepheids in the second-parameter globular cluster, NGC 6441, show a PL( VI ) relation of the same slope as that in the LMC, and this leads to a cluster distance modulus of  15.46 ± 0.11  mag, confirming the hypothesis that the RR Lyrae variables in this cluster are overluminous for their metallicity. It is suggested that the Galactic variable κ Pavonis is a member of the peculiar W Vir class found by the OGLE-III group in the LMC. Low-resolution spectra of OGLE-III type II Cepheids with   P > 20  d (RV Tau stars) show that a high proportion have TiO bands; only one has been found showing C₂. The LMC RV Tau stars, as a group, are not colinear with the shorter period type II Cepheids in the infrared PL relations in marked contrast to such stars in globular clusters. Other differences between LMC, globular cluster and Galactic field type II Cepheids are noted in period distribution and infrared colours.     

使用震源机制解反演内蒙古东部地区构造应力场

使用内蒙古地震台网2008-01~2017-12记录的数字地震波形观测资料,采用基于P波初动和振幅比联合求解（FOCMEC）方法计算震源机制,获得内蒙古东部地区发生的138个ML≥2.5地震的震源机制解。对震源机制解特征进行分析显示,研究区地震震源类型以走滑型为主,兼有一定比例的逆冲型,而正断型相对较少,P轴和T轴走向的优势方向分别为NEE-SWW向和NNW-SSE向。将研究区划分为1°×1°的网格,采用阻尼区域应力反演（MSATSI）方法获得研究区的应力张量和应力场图像。应力场反演结果显示,内蒙古东部地区应力状态主要表现为走滑,局部区域存在剪切、挤压,最大主应力方向主要分布在NEE-SWW向,由北向南顺时针旋转。     

英国矿产资源规划与战略研究

英国是世界上编制矿产资源规划较早的国家之一,它的规划体系已成为许多国家尤其是英联邦国家建立规划体系的蓝本。笔者等通过研究英国矿产资源规划体系与管理特征,分析矿产资源发展战略,总结英国矿产资源规划的经验和启示,为我国矿产资源规划编制与管理提出建议。     

New Discovery of the Devonian Orthoclase Granite of Nenjiang–Heihe Structural belt, China and its Zircon U-Pb Data

正Objective The Nenjiang–Heihe structural belt is located in the eastern Xing’anling Mongolian Orogenic Belt between the Songnen block and Xiang’an block.This structural belt has long been the focus of geological scholars(Miao Laicheng et al.,2003;Liang Chenyue et al.,2011;Li Chao et al.,2017),which has complex geological condition,     

内蒙古扎鲁特盆地坤都地区满克头鄂博组流纹岩锆石U-Pb年龄及岩石成因

为研究内蒙古扎鲁特盆地坤都地区晚侏罗世火山岩的构造属性,对研究区内流纹岩开展了锆石U-Pb定年和原位Lu-Hf同位素研究。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,流纹岩形成于151.2±1.2Ma,属于晚侏罗世。岩石地球化学研究表明,火山岩具高硅富碱、贫镁钙的特征,稀土元素总量为110.38×10~(-6)~138.88×10~(-6),轻、重稀土元素分馏中等,弱负Eu异常(δEu=0.72~0.98),微量元素特征为富集Cs、Rb、Ba和轻稀土元素,强烈亏损Sr、P、Ti,相对亏损Nb、Ta,ε_(Hf)(t)值为-10.1~4.9,对应的地壳模式年龄(T~C_(DM))为1192~3639Ma,反映其岩浆来源于元古宙、太古宙地壳物质的部分熔融,之后经历矿物分离结晶作用。通过对比大兴安岭地区同时代岩浆-构造活动,研究区满克头鄂博组流纹岩形成于后造山伸展背景,与蒙古-鄂霍茨克造山后伸展作用有关。