Discovery of Triassic Saurischian and Primitive Mammalian Remains at Lufeng, Yunnan

(1) Through the discovery of determinable fossils in the so-called "RedBeds" at Lufeng, Yunnan, parts of these beds have been accurately dated. (2) The name "Shihmen Series" is proposed for the unfossiliferouscapping escarpment sandstones. (3) The name "Lufeng Series" is proposed for the fossiliferous bedswhich lie disconformably under the Shihmen Series and unconformably abovethe pre-Cambrian Metamorphic Series (in the Lufeng area).     

Cave and Rock-Shelter Deposits in Yunnan

The two localities(C.L.Locs.40 and 41)reported in this paper haveall been examined previously by other geologists.Y.L.Wang visited     

一个还原性沉积物的间隙水化学特征

用箱式采样器采集了美国佛罗里达州东海岸奥·伽利河口的沉积物柱状样,分析了间隙水的氯度、pH、Eh、5项植物营养盐、碱度、硫酸根、硫离子和锰.Eh小于零,硝酸根在整个沉积物中被耗尽,硫酸根在9cm处耗尽,硫离子浓度较高,说明整个沉积物处在还原性环境中;营养盐的再生过程进行的很激烈,离子活度积的计算结果说明,硫离子在控制间隙水中金属离子浓度方面起着重要的作用.     

湾流北侧切变波卫星观测与发生机理研究

本文利用卫星红外资料分析了哈特勒斯角东北沿湾流北侧的切变波运动特征。观测到的波动平均波长为75km,平均波幅(波峰至波谷)为17km,平均周期为27h。观测表明,切变波以100cm/s的平均速度向东传播。一次切变波发生事件持续时间为一周。对1977年至1982年切变波发生频率的统计分析表明,发生频率与湾流不稳定性密切相关。文中对1982年春季发生的一次切变波事件的兴衰过程与NOAA浮标同步测得的风应力资料进行了相关分析,据此提出了大气作用是切变波激发机制的观点。     

Xenobiotic-induced immunomodulation in the European flat oyster,Ostrea edulis

The presence of chemical contaminants in marine coastal waters is a major subject of concern since many molecules are potentially immunotoxic, even at low concentration. During the last decade, studies in sentinel species, such as the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, or the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, have revealed that immunosuppressive responses can be related to xenobiotic exposure, in the laboratory and in the field. In the present study, European flat oysters were experimentally exposed to heavy metals, to investigate possible alterations of their immune function. Several hematological and functional parameters of hemocytes were measured by flow cytometry, a technique allowing rapid, sensitive, cell-by-cell measurements in large cell populations. Results reveal a depression of phagocytosis and several subcellular, physiological changes in oysters exposed to cadmium alone or to cadmium and copper, suggesting an overall alteration of the phagocytic function.     

Variability of heat shock proteins and glutathione S-transferase in gill and digestive gland of blue mussel,Mytilus edulis

Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and heat shock proteins (hsps) 40, 60, 70 and 90 were determined by immunoblotting using actin as an internal control in Mytilus edulis from one station outside (site1) and three stations within (sites 2-4) Cork Harbour, Ireland. Comparisons were made between gill and digestive gland and between sites. Gill shows generally higher hsp 60, 70 and 90 while digestive gland has higher hsp 40. Site 1 showed higher gill hsps 40 and 70 than sites 2-4 while gill GST was higher in sites 3 and 4 than 1 and 2. Comparison with sites in the North Sea (site 5: outside Tj?rn? in The Koster archipelago in the Skagerack) and Baltic Sea (site 6: Ask? island) also revealed lower hsps 40 and 70 in site 6 (low salinity) than site 5 (high salinity) although hsps 60, 70 and 90 were detectable in digestive gland unlike sites 1-4. Previously, only hsp 70 had been studied at these sites [Mar. Environ. Res. 39. (1995), 181]. At the mRNA level, gill hsp 70 is 80-fold higher at Tj?rn? than Ask?. These data suggest that, while salinity may slightly decrease hsp 40 and 70, both hsp 70 and GST are selectively up-regulated by approx. 10- and 3-fold, respectively, at Tj?rn? compared to the other sites which we attribute to exposure to more widely fluctuating pollution levels.     

Food intake and body measurements of Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncates) in captivity

The food consumption (recorded in kg of individual fish species), body length and mass of 11 Atlantic bottlenose dolphins kept first at Windsor Safari Park, UK (1979-1993/1994), and later at Harderwijk Marine Mammal Park, The Netherlands (1993/1994-1995) are reported. This broad-scale, longitudinal study is based on historical data that were originally recorded for short-term husbandry purposes. The chemical composition and caloric value of the diet were variable and were not recorded. The food intake quantities should therefore be viewed as rough weight estimates of what wild conspecifics might eat (depending on their diet). The average annual food consumption of adult males and non-pregnant, non-lactating females was approximately 2000 kg of fish (estimated at 176 x 10(5) kJ). Food consumption showed little increase during gestation, but was 58-97% higher during lactation than during similar periods in non-reproductive years. All six calves began to eat solid food within a year of birth although suckling continued for 14-37 months after birth. The pattern of food intake of mothers and calves varied substantially between suckling periods. No seasonal changes in food consumption were detected, although there were small seasonal changes in water temperature. Births occurred at various times of year, since the timing of mating varied between years. The animals' body length increased rapidly during the first 3 years of life after which the growth rate decreased. Body length reached asymptote at approximately 270 cm. Adults of both sexes weighed around 260 kg. The relationship between standard body length (in cm) and body mass (in kg), although based on a small sample size (n = 16), can be expressed as body mass = 17.261e(0.0156(body length-100)). Animals weighing 155-225 kg consumed between 2 and 4% of their body mass per day.     

我国海岸带地质工作面临的形势与任务

在系统总结我国海岸带基础地质工作和沿海地区经济开发需要的基础上,论述了我国当前海岸带地质工作面临的形势,指出了基础地质工作存在的主要问题,提出了要做好海岸带地质工作需要解决的6大问题,并阐述对"十二五"海岸带基础地质工作部署的指导思想、基本原则及主要任务的认识.