共存镉/铜对沉积物(生物膜)中主要组分吸附阿特拉津的影响

采用选择性萃取分离技术对沉积物(生物膜)中非残渣态组分(铁、锰氧化物和有机质)进行分离,研究阿特拉津(atrazine,AT)-Cd-Cu系中共存重金属对选择性萃取前后沉积物(生物膜)吸附AT的影响.研究结果表明:共存体系中,沉积物(生物膜)中铁氧化物对AT的吸附贡献最大,其次是有机质,而锰氧化物则抑制AT的吸附;共存镉促进了AT在沉积物(生物膜)原样及各非残渣态组分上的吸附,镉质量浓度为0.2 mg/L时,促进作用最显著,各组分对阿特拉津的吸附贡献增加了3.20%～32.31%(沉积物)和1.61%～17.10%(生物膜),但随镉质量浓度的增加,其促进作用减弱;共存铜抑制沉积物(生物膜)原样及铁氧化物、有机质对AT的吸附,铜质量浓度为75.0 mg/L时,其抑制作用最强,铁氧化物和有机质对阿特拉津的吸附贡献分别降低了29.21%、22.36%(沉积物)和9.46%、77.27%(生物膜),但同时减弱了锰氧化物对AT吸附的抑制作用,其吸附贡献分别提高了28.98%(沉积物)和17.46%(生物膜).     

新疆及其邻区的地震窗前兆与短期地震预报

根据新疆及毗邻的独联体部分国家区域台网微震观测记录,通过普查与统计检验,筛选出22个具有较高短期预报效能的地震窗。较系统地研究了地震窗小震月频度的前兆特征及其用于短期地震预报的判据指标,着重介绍了近两年新疆与独联体科技合作的最新成果,同时给出若干成功预报震例,并对所得结果的可能物理机制等问题进行了讨论。     

中强震前单台地震波振幅比异常特征

通过对乌鲁木齐、石场和库尔勒地震台十几年来地震波振幅比的系统追踪研究，发现在中强地震前，振幅比无论是在空间分布还是在时间进程上都显示出比较明显的异常变化特征。研究结果表明，当监测范围内的孕震介质发生变化时，单台地震波振幅比可以反映出介质的异常变化过程，该方法具有一定的预报效能。     

遥感构造蚀变生态景观研究及在陕西金矿找矿中的应用

本文针对秦岭成矿带中部金矿遥感地质特征,特别是主导控矿因素特点,在详细分析区内地物反射光谱特征曲线的基础上,提出“遥感构造蚀变生态景观”新方法,制定合理的计算机图像处理方案,提取构造蚀变和植被毒化等对金矿预测有贡献的有效信息,然后进行金矿成矿远景预测,取得了成功的尝试。     

营口东部区含硼蚀变岩带特征及找矿方向

营口东部区是我国硼矿重要产区之一。硼矿体主要赋存于晚元古代辽河群里尔峪岩组的下部,受层位控制。含硼蚀变岩带长１４ｋｍ,宽８～６９ｍ,硼矿体产于蚀变岩带中下部的镁橄岩中。背形向斜、向形背斜核部是硼矿富矿体成矿最有利地段,古浅海含硼碳酸岩凹陷盆地中心是硼矿成矿的最佳古地理环境。背形向斜、向形背斜核部的含硼镁橄岩是硼矿体及隐伏硼矿体的主要找矿部位。     

靶场测量装备中GPS换装北斗卫星导航系统方案设计

目前,根据装备试验要求,利用北斗卫星导航系统全面替换靶场测量装备中所使用的GPS已成为必须开展的工作。如果直接替换,则现有测量系统需重新进行测试,代价较高。为此,结合靶场测量装备实际情况,设计一种基于北斗卫星导航系统,集定位、测姿、授时为一体的便携式信息采集分发系统,系统具备多种对外数据传输接口,无需对现有装备进行较大改造,即可全面实现北斗取代GPS的目的。     

Impact of Wind on Tide-Induced Advective Salt Transport in A Well-Mixed Estuary

The tide-induced net advective salt flux in well-mixed estuaries consists of five terms according to the method from Kjerfve.The term resulted from the vertical variation in salinity can be negligible in well-mixed estuaries with four tide-induced salt flux terms,known as F1?F4.To explore the effects of wind on these salt fluxes,the current-salinity analytical model combined with the perturbation analysis is extended by including wind.Analytical expressions for the four salt fluxes are derived separately in the present model.Under the assumption that only the M₂ tidal component is accounted for and the salt flux generated by diffusion is not studied,the tide-induced net advective salt flux Q_sx is in the seaward direction without the wind effect.By applying the Western Scheldt estuary case,the wind influence on the tidal advection salt flux(TASF)distribution in the F4 term was investigated.The phase difference between zero-order velocity and first-order salinity(Δφ)at the surface layer of the estuary is larger than 90°and smaller than 90°at the bottom layer,which leads to landward TASF in the surface layer and seaward TASF in the bottom layer.The distribution ofΔφis not uniform in the horizontal direction with wind included,which differs from the result without wind.In the case of seaward wind with the speed of 18 m/s,the decrease in the zeroth-order velocity phase(φu)at the surface layer is larger than that of the first-order salinity phase(φs)downstream,which leads to an abnormal seaward TASF in this region.Owing to the surface stress caused by wind,the Stokes compensation flow in the middle and lower reaches increases/decreases with the increase of the landward/seaward wind,while the upstream situation is opposite.Thus,the first-order velocity in the middle and lower reaches increases/decreases with the increase of the landward/seaward wind,while the upstream situation is also opposite.The first-order salinity also increases/decreases with the increase of landward/seaward wind,while the upstream salinity tends to zero.Therefore,the tide-induced net advective salt flux Q_sx increases/decreases with the increase of the landward/seaward wind,which is contrary to the usual recognition.     

利用近场强震记录反演2016年日本熊本县地震震源破裂过程

2016年4月15日16时25分（UTC）,日本熊本县发生M_W7.1强烈地震,给当地人员、建筑及经济造成严重灾难和巨大损失.日本地震观测网F-net给出的震源机制解显示此次地震的震源位置为130.7630°E,32.7545°N,深度12.45 km,节面Ⅰ：走向N131°E、倾角53°、滑动角-7°;节面Ⅱ：走向N226°E、倾角84°、滑动角-142°.与此同时,余震的震中分布及其震源机制结果显示主震的震源机制在破裂过程中有可能发生了变化,单一的震源机制不足以充分解释观测数据.本文依据GNSS和InSAR地表形变反演结果为约束,并结合活动构造资料为参考,构建了震源机制变化的有限断层模型,采用水平层状介质模型,利用日本强震观测台网K-NET和KiK-net的近场加速度观测记录,通过多时间窗线性波形反演方法反演了此次地震的震源破裂过程.研究结果显示,这是一次沿Futagawa-Hinagu断层带发生的右旋走滑破裂事件,发震断层分为南北两段,其中北段走向N235°E、倾角60°,南段走向N205°E、倾角72°,断层深度范围和余震深度分布基本一致,断层面上滑动主要集中于断层北段,最大滑动量约7.9 m,整个断层的破裂过程持续约18 s,释放地震矩5.47×10¹⁹ N·m（M_W7.1）.     

Temporo-spatial Characteristics of Swarm Distribution before Two MS6.0 Earthquakes in the Tianshan Area, China and Their Application to Earthquake Prediction

The Nilka-Gongliu earthquake with M_S6.0 and Xinyuan-Hejing earthquake with M_S6. 6 successively occurred in Xinjiang on November 1,2011 and June 30,2012. Massive swarm activity was observed in a large area around the main shock epicenters before the two strong earthquakes. Main features are as follows:(1) The swarm activities not only increased significantly in number of earthquakes,but also presented a distinct swarm gap in spatial distribution,and the epicenters of the following strong earthquakes were all located in the swarm gap.(2) The duration of the swarm gap lasted longer,for 2-3 years.(3) The time-history characteristics of the swarms cumulative frequency indicates that swarm activity was quieter a few months before the main shocks. Finally,we discuss the results as well as the issues of their application in earthquake prediction.