二连盆地西部SAR影像与TM影像复合处理及其地质应用

针对SAR与TM数据的不同特征,研究了SAR与TM影像的几何校正方法及波谱信息复合方法,将SAR影像与复合图像进行比较,并且分别用SAR图像和复合图像对内蒙二连盆地进行地质解译,发现雷达图像能够较好地反映沙漠覆盖区的隐伏构造信息,而TM与SAR的复合图像能够较好地发挥两种数据的优势,拓宽了遥感的波段范围,对于图像解译和实际应用都有重要的意义。      

复合形模拟退火算法及其在水泥土墙优化设计中的应用

将传统优化方法中的复合形法和智能优化方法中的模拟退火算法有机结合,得到一种新型的智能计算方法-复合形模拟退火算法。仿真分析表明它比单一的复合形法和模拟退火算法搜索性能更优。按照我国现行规范建立了水泥土墙优化设计数学模型,探讨了提出的复合形模拟退火算法在水泥土墙支护结构参数优化设计中的应用。给出了工程计算实例,其计算结果验证了方法的可行性和可靠性。还讨论了基坑内被动土压力区的加固对水泥土墙的嵌固深度和有效宽度的影响。     

云南思茅-南坪盆地边缘造山带金(铜)成矿流体动力学

从研究云南思茅-南坪盆地边缘造山带金(铜) 成矿流体的地质地球化学特征和物理化学条件入手, 通过氢-氧、碳-氧、氦-氩同位素组成示踪和矿物流体包裹体温度-压力、流体成分测试及物理化学参数计算, 认为成矿溶液主要来自大气降水, 并且成矿物质具有壳源的特点, 不能排除构造/岩浆活动中其他壳源流体加入的可能性, 其性状为浅成(低压)、低温、高盐度、弱碱性和弱还原性, 流体组分别具有Na+ > K+和Ca2+ +Mg2+、Cl- > F-的特点, 还原形式存在的硫占绝对优势, 它对金的迁移和沉淀起着关键的作用; 运用古水文地质学方法模拟成矿流体的水动力场与排泄条件, 强调多成因含矿流体受古水文动力场运移、分布形式制约, 高能量、高矿化度成矿流体经历漫长的地下反复溶滤、渗透、岩浆和构造驱动双重作用下, 在水动力低压区排泄、沉淀富集成矿.      

北极涛动对中国冬季气候的影响

1IntroductionIt is noteworthy that there is significant association between the surface climate over northern continents and atmospheric circulation (Hurrell, 1995, 1996; Gong and Ho, 2002a). Thompson and Wallace (1998) pointed out that the leading empirical orthogonal function of the wintertime northern hemisphere sea level pressure field resembles the North Atlantic Oscillation but with more zonally symmetric appearance. This annular-like mode in the northern extratropical circulation, wh…     

天山巴音布鲁克草原植被变化及其与气候因子的关系

利用1982-2000年逐月NOAA/AVHRR NDVI的时间序列数据,分析了天山巴音布鲁克草原植被覆盖的动态变化及其与降水、气温、浅层地温等气候因子的关系。结果表明：近20 a来巴音布鲁克草原植被覆盖面积总体上呈现增加趋势,生态环境有所改善。同时,生长季（4-9月）NDVI与降水、气温和浅层地温的相关分析表明, 气温和浅层地温是影响巴音布鲁克草原植被生长的两个重要因子。     

刚-柔性桩复合地基试验研究

阐述了深厚软土地基中刚-柔性长短桩复合地基的设计思想。针对椒江地区土体的工程特性和拟建建筑物的特点,通过大型现场试验,介绍了其在某国家康居示范工程中的应用,并分析了此类复合地基的主要工程性状,研究了桩土应力比以及荷载分担比的发展规律。试验表明,此类复合地基能使刚性桩、柔性桩以及土体协调变形,合理发挥它们各自的承载能力,为以后的设计和推广应用提供了依据。     

辽宁北票四合屯盆地下白垩统义县组沉积相

本文系统地论述了北票四合屯盆地下白垩统义县组沉积时期的演化,将盆地演化划分为继承性初始坳陷、火山洼地、湖盆沉降与扩展三个阶段,其后由于火山作用而使盆地封闭。与盆地演化相对应,建立了盆内义县组的沉积相序,自下而上依次为冲积扇与河流相、火山沉积相、河流相、湖相(滨湖亚相,浅湖亚相,半深湖亚相,浅湖亚相,滨湖亚相,浅湖亚相)、火山溢流相,并指出火山喷发间歇期湖盆的湖水进退规律、水体性质以及沉积环境特征。     

The carbonate system in the East China Sea in winter

Measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), pH, total alkalinity (TA), and partial pressure of CO₂ (pCO₂) were conducted at a total of 25 stations along four cross shelf transects in the East China Sea (ECS) in January 2008. Results showed that their distributions in the surface water corresponded well to the general circulation pattern in the ECS. Low DIC and pCO₂ and high pH were found in the warm and saline Kuroshio Current water flowing northeastward along the shelf break, whereas high DIC and pCO₂ and low pH were mainly observed in the cold and less saline China Coastal Current water flowing southward along the coast of Mainland China. Difference between surface water and atmospheric pCO₂ (ΔpCO₂), ranging from ~ 0 to ? 111 μatm, indicated that the entire ECS shelf acted as a CO₂ sink during winter with an average flux of CO₂ of ?13.7 ± 5.7 (mmol C m^? 2 day^? 1), and is consistent with previous studies. However, pCO₂ was negatively correlated with temperature for surface waters lower than 20 °C, in contrast to the positive correlation found in the 1990s. Moreover, the wintertime ΔpCO₂ in the inner shelf near the Changjiang River estuary has appreciably decreased since the early 1990s, suggesting a decline of CO₂ sequestration capacity in this region. However, the actual causes for the observed relationship between these decadal changes and the increased eutrophication over recent decades are worth further study.     

Re‐evaluation of late Holocene fire histories of three boreal bogs suggest a link between bog fire and climate

We re‐evaluated mid‐ and late Holocene fire records at three bog sites in southern Finland and Estonia through quantitative and qualitative analysis of sedimentary charcoal records. Our analysis suggests synchrony amongst the Kontolanrahka, Männikjärve and Lakkasuo bog records. Over the last 5000 years, three episodes of elevated fire occurrence were evident in these bog records, taking place from 4500 to 4000, 3500 to 2000 and 1000 to 500 cal. a BP. These episodes were probably influenced primarily by climate, but also possibly by expansion/retreat of (pre)historic human populations. Although previous studies have proposed that during the late Holocene only weak fire?climate linkages exist, the presented analysis suggests millennial‐ and centennial‐scale synchronous burning episodes.