利用后向散射特性从高分辨率SAR影像中提取建筑物高度

研究了一种基于雷达后向散射特性,从单张星载高分辨率SAR影像提取建筑物高度的方法。该方法通过检测建筑物二次散射强度,同时获取目标方位角、入射角等参数以及相关介质特性等信息,根据后向散射几何光学模型估算建筑物高度。实验验证了对于相当一部分典型建筑物都能够获得较为理想的高程估计值,进而证明了该方法提取建筑物高度的可行性和有效性。     

利用时序DInSAR监测填海造陆地区地表沉降

通过研究时序DInSAR相位模型,利用振幅离差、时间相干系数和统计分析多重方法提取了相干点目标,并根据不同相位分量的时空特性分离出形变相位,继而提取出相干点目标上的沉降速率。以上海市临港新城主城区为实验区,利用24景Envisat ASAR影像,得到了2007-10～2010-02间的沉降速率分布,并分析了冲填土年代对沉降的影响。     

基于确定性系数模型的地质灾害多因子权重计算方法

地质灾害影响因子权重的确定是区域地质灾害评价和预警模型研究的关键。本文采用确定性系数模型(CF)实现复杂多因子数据的同区间量化,基于CF值直接代表着各因子对地质灾害的贡献这一物理基础,提出了一种基于CF的多因子叠加确定权重法。该方法通过三步完成权重计算:(1)基于CF的地质灾害各影响因子量化,使得各影响因子取值均介于0~1;(2)所有影响因子逐级叠加计算,计算所有因子的相对贡献值;除某计算因子外,其他所有影响因子的逐级叠加计算,得到除某计算因子外的其他所有因子的相对贡献值;(3)通过相减的方法,得到某计算因子的相对贡献值。同样方法分别得到所有因子的相对贡献值,最后归一化处理分别得到所有因子的权重。最后,以区域显式统计预警模型中潜势度计算为例,分区计算确定了地质灾害各影响因子的权重,并以潜势度计算结果进行效果检验,验证了基于CF的多因子叠加确定权重法的有效性和实用性。     

n-alkane distribution coupled with organic carbon isotope composition in the shell bar section, Qarhan paleolake, Qaidam basin, NE Tibetan Plateau

Lipids extracted from lacustrine deposits in the paleolake Qarhan of the Qaidam basin in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau were determined by conventional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Several series of biomarkers were identified, mainly including n-alkanes, n-alkan-2-ones, n-alkanoic acids, branched alkanes, triterpenoids and steroids, indicative of various biogenic contributions. On the basis of cluster analysis, the n-C₁₅, n-C₁₇, n-C₁₉ alkanes were proposed to be derived from algae and/or photosynthetic bacteria, the n-C₂₁, n-C₂₃, n-C₂₅ homologues from aquatic plants, and the n-C₂₉, n-C₃₁ homologues from vascular plants. In contrast, the n-C₂₇ alkane is not categorized in the n-C₂₉ and n-C₃₁ group of alkanes, probably due to more complex origins including both aquatic and vascular plants, and/or differential biodegradation. Stratigraphically, layers-2, 4 and 5 were found to show a close relationship in n-alkane distribution, associated with a positive shift in carbon isotope composition of bulk organic matter (δ¹³C_org), inferring a cold/dry period. Layers-1 and 6 were clustered together in association with a negative δ¹³C_org, excursion, probably indicating a relatively warm/humid climate. The potential coupling between the n-alkane distributions and δ¹³C_org, suggests a consequence of vegetation change in response to climate change, with the late MIS3 being shown to be unstable, thought to be the climatic optimum in the Tibetan Plateau. Our results suggest that the cluster analysis used in this study probably provides an effective and authentic method to investigate the n-alkane distribution in paleolake sediments.     

基于WebGIS的重庆市互联网导游系统

建立基于WebGIS技术的互联网导游系统,对旅游事业的发展及人们外出旅游具有十分重要的意义。通过对目前几大主流WebGIS平台和主要技术模式的比较,结合重庆市旅游发展实际,并从方便用户出发,构建了基于WebGIS的重庆市导游系统。在WebGIS基础平台上,采用计算机网络和数据库管理技术,对重庆市旅游资源信息进行采集、存储、管理、分析、计算和图形处理显示,以图文、声像等形式综合展示系统处理结果,并将之公布于互联网上;整个导游系统由基础数据库、应用分析和决策支持三大模块组成;同时,在基础数据库支持下,用户可以通过互联网对导游信息系统进行相关旅游信息的空间查询分析。该系统的构建将促进旅游业的信息化发展,提高重庆市的旅游管理水平。     

电偶源瞬变电磁测深研究(五)--实测感应电压转换成垂直磁场

阐述了电偶源瞬变电磁测深感应电压Ｖｚ（ｔ）转换为垂直磁场Ｈｚ（ｔ）的方法,以便计算全区视电阻率,进行定性与定量解释。     

单视数SAR图像Speckle滤波方法的研究

在分析单机数SAR影像的Speckle局部统计特性和现有的空间滤波算法的基础上,提出了一种新的Speckle滤波方法,该方法采用特殊的滤波窗口邻域划分方法,根据窗口相对标准差自适应地调整窗口尺寸和窗口内的滤波区域。该方法被用于多幅单视数ERS-1/2SAR图像去Speckle处理,并与以往的典型算法进行了比较,取得了较好的实验结果。     

The study on automatic registration of InSAR images

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) allows production of high resolution DEM and detection of small earth motions using multiple pass SAR data sets obtained by remote sensing satellite. But the whole process has not yet reached sufficient robustness to warrant automated DEM production as commonly produced by stereovision with optical images. The automatic algorithm for precision registration is one of the bottlenecks in InSAR data processing. In this paper, an automatic approach with multi-step image matching algorithm is presented. All procedures are automatically implemented. The experiment is carried out successfully with SIR-C/L-band InSAR data. The triangular piecewise rectification is also advanced in reducing local distortion between the images and processing the large scene image. The primary result has prospect in the precision registration for the repeat-track InSAR data and reveals the potential of the presented automatic strategy.     

雷达遥感滑坡隐患识别与形变监测

滑坡是全球发生最为频繁、造成损失最严重的自然灾害之一,滑坡表面形变测量对于滑坡的早期识别、监测和预警具有重要意义.雷达遥感具有非接触式大范围空间连续覆盖和高精度形变测量等优势,在滑坡地质灾害领域中取得了广泛的应用.本文概述武汉大学干涉雷达遥感团队近几年在利用雷达遥感监测滑坡形变方面的研究内容,包括:雷达遥感在滑坡形变监...