蒙古黄芪的化学成分研究

目的 研究蒙古黄芪Astragalus membranaceus var,mongholicus的化学成分.方法 利用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、大孔树脂柱色谱、ODS柱色谱及制备高效液相等色谱技术对蒙古黄芪70％乙醇提取物进行分离纯化,根据理化数据和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构.结果 共分离得到16个化合物,分别鉴定为芒柄花素(1)、毛蕊异黄酮(2)、(6aR,11aR)-3-羟基-9,10-二甲氧基紫檀烷(3)、染料木素(4)、芒柄花苷(5)、毛蕊异黄酮苷(6)、7,2＇-二羟基-3＇,4＇-二甲氧基异黄烷-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)、(6aR,11aR)-9,10-二甲氧基紫檀烷-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(8)、红车轴草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)、黄芪甲苷(10)、异黄芪皂苷Ⅱ (11)、黄芪皂苷Ⅷ (12)、腺嘌呤(13)、鸟嘌呤核苷(14)、尿嘧啶核苷(15)、胡萝卜苷(16).结论 化合物13、14为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

Characteristics and mechanism of concentrated unloading in bank slope of Yangqu hydropower station

Based on the study of field background, tectonic evolution and development history of the Yellow River valley, the authors made an in-depth study of the distribution and formation mechanism of the deep concentrated unloading of a typical bank slope developed in broad basin, and found that the concentrated unloading ranges from 2520 to 2650 m at El, the horizontal depth is 40 to 90 m in left bank and 40 to 60 m in right bank. It showed that these deep cracks in concentrated unloading zone generally dip towards the river or to the inner slope with high angle, and the cause of formation due to the category of unloading. The concentrated unloading is the product of the epigenetic deformation along the original tectonic structural planes accompanied by the stress release of slope during the formation process of river bank slope.     

Microseism Induced by Transient Release of In Situ Stress During Deep Rock Mass Excavation by Blasting

During deep rock mass excavation with the method of drill and blast, accompanying the secession of rock fragments and the formation of a new free surface, in situ stress on this boundary is suddenly released within several milliseconds, which is termed the transient release of in situ stress. In this process, enormous strain energy around the excavation face is instantly released in the form of kinetic energy and it inevitably induces microseismic events in surrounding rock masses. Thus, blasting excavation-induced microseismic vibrations in high-stress rock masses are attributed to the combined action of explosion and the transient release of in situ stress. The intensity of stress release-induced microseisms, which depends mainly on the magnitude of the in situ stress and the dimension of the excavation face, is comparable to that of explosion-induced vibrations. With the methods of time–energy density analysis, amplitude spectrum analysis, and finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter, microseismic vibrations induced by the transient release of in situ stress were identified and separated from recorded microseismic signals during a blast of deep rock masses in the Pubugou Hydropower Station. The results show that the low-frequency component in the microseismic records results mainly from the transient release of in situ stress, while the high-frequency component originates primarily from explosion. In addition, a numerical simulation was conducted to demonstrate the occurrence of microseismic events by the transient release of in situ stress, and the results seem to have confirmed fairly well the separated vibrations from microseismic records.     

巨厚松散层裸孔施工技术措施

针对巨厚松散层在钻孔施工中易出现钻孔孔壁坍塌、掉块、缩径,造成埋钻、粘钻、卡钻,找不到原孔而形成岔孔等钻孔事故,简述了在巨厚松散层钻孔裸孔安全施工的要点和注意事项。     

冀南邯邢地区白涧和西石门夕卡岩型铁矿磁铁矿成因矿物学研究

对邯邢地区典型夕卡岩型铁矿床白涧铁矿和西石门铁矿中不同产状的磁铁矿的成分、热电性、爆裂温度及O同位素进行了详细的成因矿物学研究。研究发现：层间矿体具有低Ti、∑REE、爆裂温度、δ18O的特征,热电性系数较小但变化范围大;接触带矿体为高Ti、∑REE、爆裂温度、δ18O的特征,热电性系数较大,变化范围小。白涧铁矿层间矿和西石门铁矿中磁铁矿的REE表现出Eu的正异常,而白涧铁矿接触带矿为负异常。白涧铁矿磁铁矿中单层矿体热电性系数具有中部小、顶底大的特征。综合磁铁矿的成因矿物学研究,以热电性的空间变化规律为基础,建立了该区夕卡岩型铁矿的成因和找矿模型。     

四川康定捧塔乡金平电站滑坡成因分析

2010年6月14日23：30左右,四川省甘孜州康定捧塔乡金平电站施工现场在无征兆情况下突发了山体滑坡,致使临时施工营地工棚被掩埋,共造成23人死亡,7人受伤。通过对滑坡形成的地质条件分析,认为滑坡形成的山体斜坡的地形坡度42°～45°是控制滑坡形成的临空条件;滑坡松散体是滑坡形成的物质基础,致使滑坡滑动的诱发因素是连续强降雨。建议在地质灾害频发区实行资格准入和监测预警制度,避免滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害发生时致人群死群伤事件的发生。     

安徽闪电与雷达资料的相关分析以及机理初探

WSR-98D多普勒天气雷达和新型闪电定位仪是监测灾害性天气十分有效的手段,利用合肥多普勒天气雷达的物理量产品和中国科技大学研制的新型闪电定位仪资料,对2001年7月24日、2002年5月27日、2004年4月6日发生在安徽省的冰雹和强降水的3次天气过程的闪电与雷达回波特征做相关性分析和机理初探,发现一些有意义的统计规律：（1） 闪电发生的数目和变化与回波顶高（ET）有较好的对应关系, 而与垂直含水量积分（VIL）对应关系不明显;（2） 强对流天气的云地闪中正地闪与负地闪发生频次相当,甚至超过负地闪,但正地闪比较分散,负地闪比较集中,闪电发生的位置与强回波位置不一致,云下一般存在一个次正电荷层;（3） 强降水天气的负地闪占优势,闪电发生的位置比较集中并且与强回波位置一致,云下没有正电荷层;（4） 垂直累积液态水含量（VIL）和回波顶（ET）很小处出现的闪电是由云砧和对流云分裂的碎云产生的.     

武夷地块中古元古代镁铁质-超镁铁质岩石的发现——剖面介绍及岩石学、岩相学、年代学特征

通过1:250 000衢州区域地质调查,在武夷地块浙西南地区发现古元古代镁铁质-超镁铁质岩石。该套岩石在金华、龙游-带呈面状分布,金华张村出露最为完整,主要由辉石角闪石岩、角闪石岩、斜长阳起石岩、斜长辉石岩和斜长角闪岩等组成。对辉石角闪石岩与阳起石岩开展了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年分析,分别获得其成岩年龄为1 834±14 Ma(MSWD=0.23,N=16)、1 839±17 Ma(MSWD=0.22,N=11),暗示这套镁铁质-超镁铁质岩石为古元古代岩浆活动的产物。这一发现表明,约1 830 Ma武夷地块处于板内伸展构造环境,同时该时期武夷地块已经具备足够的刚性,以致产生大规模的脆性破裂以及可能由地幔对流作用引发的基性岩浆活动,推测在约1.83 Ga武夷地块已经具有克拉通的性质。     

青海南山断裂茶卡北山－大水桥形变带地震地质特征

本文是根据１９９４年中国－法国在青海的联合地震地质考察的结果，对于位于共和盆地北缘的青海南山断裂做了简要描述，确定这是一条既古老又长期复活的断裂，且具有分段性。同时作者对于芬卡北山－大水桥形变带做了系统阐述，并根据该地区的地震地质特征，初步估定了这里曾为古地震震中所在。作者也对该地区的一组活褶皱做了介绍，并提出对于活褶皱的研究应该得到我们的充分重视。