Hydrothermal Alteration Zoning and Kinetic Process of Mineral-Water Interactions

This study reports the kinetic experimental results of albite in water and in KCI solution at 22 MPa in the temperature range of 25 to 400℃. Kinetic experiments have been carried out in an open flow-through reaction system (packed bed reactor). Albite dissolution is always incongruent in water at most temperatures, but becomes congruent at 300℃ (close to the critical point 374℃). At temperatures from 25 to 300℃, the incongruent dissolution of albite is reflected by the fact that sodium and aluminum are easily dissolved into water; from 300 to 400℃ it is reflected by silicon being more easily dissolved in water than Al and Na. Maximum albite dissolution rates in the flow hydrothermal systems have been repeatedly observed at 300℃, independent of flow rates.The kinetic experiments of albite dissolution in a KCl aqueous solution (0.1 mol KCl) indicate that the dissolution rate of albite increases with increasing temperature. Maximum silicon release rates of albite have been observed at 400℃, while ma     

内蒙古金厂沟梁地区晚三叠世脉岩地球化学特征及成岩动力学背景

金厂沟梁位于张家口-赤峰-朝阳金矿集区东端, 区内发育大量规模不等的脉岩, 岩性以闪长岩、闪长玢岩为主.对其进行了锆石U-Pb年龄、主微量元素及Sr-Nd同位素分析.脉岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄值可分为三组: 2 458~2 524 Ma、253±6 Ma(MSWD=3.0)及228±1 Ma(MSWD=0.26).2.5 Ga锆石反映成岩过程中有古老地壳物质参与, 253 Ma锆石可能与古亚洲洋闭合时的岩浆事件有关, 228 Ma则为脉岩的形成年龄.脉岩SiO₂(51.22%~68.48%)、MgO(1.35%~8.13%)含量变化较大, 且具有高Na₂O+K₂O、Al₂O₃及低的TiO₂、P₂O₅含量等特征.岩石LREE及LILE富集, HFSE亏损.脉岩(87Sr/86Sr)_i比值较为一致(0.704 95~0.705 92), 而ε_Nd(t)(-0.2~-9.5)及T_2DM(1.02~1.77 Ga)值变化范围较大.主微量元素及同位素研究结果表明: 部分熔融的岩石圈地幔熔体底侵到壳幔边界, 诱发古老地壳物质的部分熔融, 随后发生的幔源熔体与壳源熔体的混合是脉岩最可能的源区过程.主微量元素构造判别图解指示岩石形成于陆弧向板内演化的构造环境; 结合区域上同时代脉岩群、碱性岩带及A2型花岗岩的侵位, 认为晚三叠世华北板块北缘已完成与蒙古弧地体的碰撞并进入造山后伸展阶段.      

利用斯通利波衰减反演渗透率的方法改进

利用严格的Biot介质模型,针对阵列声波测井情况,建立了基于物理统计方法的利用斯通利波幅度衰减反演储层渗透率之线性化最小二乘反演模型。作为对方法可行性的检验,运用该方法对理论合成数据进行了处理,结果表明运用统计方法后反演渗透率的偏差变小,证明了方法的可行性。     

东天山哈密地区赤湖钼铜矿区斜长花岗斑岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄

东天山赤湖斑岩钼铜矿床的形成时代和成矿地质背景至今尚存在争议,前人根据同一成矿带中土屋-延东斑岩铜矿的同位素地质年龄信息,认为赤湖钼矿的形成时代为中-晚泥盆世,系塔里木板块北部活动陆缘泥盆纪岛弧火山-深成作用的产物;近期一些研究者根据赤湖斑岩钼铜矿区斜长花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb和谐曲线年龄,认为矿化斜长花岗斑岩的侵位时代为晚石炭世,成矿作用与哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块南部活动陆缘晚石炭世汇聚阶段钙碱性岩浆侵入作用有关.在前人研究基础上,笔者对赤湖斑岩钼铜矿区矿化斜长花岗斑岩体进行了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年研究,获得322Ma±10Ma(95%可信度)的年龄值,表明赤湖斑岩铜矿床的形成时代为晚石炭世,成矿作用与晚石炭世钙碱性岩浆浅成侵位有关.     

西藏拉萨地块高镁超钾质火山岩及对南北向裂谷形成时间和切割深度的制约

青藏高原拉萨地块南北向裂谷中发育少量中新世高镁超钾质火山岩,岩石具有较高的SiO2含量(53%~50%),同时具有极高的K2O(7%~6%)、MgO(11%~8%)、Cr(500×10-6~400×10-6)、Ni(400×10-6~260×10-6)含量,较高的放射性成因87Sr/86Sr(0.7265~0.7199)、非放射性成因143Nd/144Nd(0.511844~0.511769)比值,δ18OVSMOW值较高,变化范围很大(10.4‰~6.4‰),其源区为加入了大量俯冲印度地壳的富集地幔。40Ar/39Ar同位素年龄指示他们喷发时代为17~13Ma。结合正断层与火山岩的切割与覆盖关系,指出高原正断层强烈活动时间为23~13Ma,持续了~10Ma,伸展速率为5.6±3.0mm/a。高镁超钾质火山岩与裂谷在时间上的一致和空间上的重合,指示高镁超钾质火山岩与裂谷的形成演化密切相关,高原裂谷系统的建立是由于俯冲印度地壳的断离造成的高原岩石圈的伸展破裂,其活动时期分为2个阶段,首先伴随高原隆升(23~13Ma),随后在重力作用下,促使高原垮塌(13Ma~现在)。     

松辽盆地白垩纪青山口阶的同位素地层标志及其与海相Cenomanian阶的对比

本研究利用大庆油田在松辽盆地中部的岩心样品进行了青山口组有机碳稳定同位素的测试,通过化学地层和生物地层研究提出了青山口阶的顶底标志。在青山口组底部同位素值最低,为- 32 .2‰,与介形虫Cypridea elliptica的消失界面吻合。同位素值随后迅速上升,形成底界之上的第一个峰值,为- 2 8.1‰。随后的4个峰值自下而上分别是- 2 8‰、- 2 7.8‰、- 2 7.3‰和- 2 6 .6‰,相间的低峰值一般处于- 30‰～- 2 9‰左右。最为重要的是,有机碳稳定同位素值在青山口组顶部出现一个明显的异常,由- 2 9.5‰急剧升为- 2 3.1‰,随后又迅速降为- 30 .12‰,形成一个明显的正向峰值。这一正向偏移的位置与介形类Cypridea panda和Triangulicyprisfusiformis的消失界面基本吻合,并与全球Cenom anian- Turonian界线稳定同位素事件表现一致。据此,将这一稳定同位素正向偏移确定为青山口阶顶界的化学标志。通过这一标志可以将青山口阶的顶界与海相Cenom anian阶顶界进行对比。研究结果表明,化学地层标志是陆相与海相地层的对比的渠道。青山口阶的有机碳稳定同位素值具有全球一致的意义,与我国西藏南部海相地层,乃至全球重要地区Cenomanian- Turonian阶稳定同位素界线均具有可比性。     

Discovery of Paleogene Sporopollen from the Matrix Strata of the Naij Tal Group-Complex in the Eastern Kunlun Orogenic Belt

The Naij Tal Group-complex is a suite of tectonic-sedimentary melange aggregation of the Eastern Kunlun orogenic belt, which is composed of two parts, i.e. the exotic blocks of various ages and the matrix strata. On the basis of coral, brachiopod and gastropod fossils found in the exotic blocks, the age of this group-complex was once defined to the Late Ordovician or the Paleozoic. This paper reports for the first time 44 genera and 31 species of Mid-Late Oligocene sporopollen in samples from the matrix strata in this group-complex and the Paleogene Quercoidites-Persicarioipollis assemblage is named. The paper aims to provide some detailed evidence for determining the age of the matrix strata in this group-complex based upon a study at the Caiyuanzigou section, which would be of great geological significance for further understanding this group-complex as a suite of tectonic-sedimentary melange aggregation. The new finding will certainly benefit from now on the investigation of formation and evolution mechanism for the Eastern Kunlun orogenic belt.     

Chemical Composition of Ancient Celadon Material （1127-1279 A.D.） from Zhejiang, China and Its Implication

The microprobe EDXRF equipment was used for analysis of the major and trace elements in glaze layer-transitive layer-body layer of the celadon from the Altar Yao （Kiln） and Laohudong Yao in the Southern Song Dynasty （1127-1279 A.D.）, Zhejiang, China. The K values of the discriminant factor for the celadon wares are larger than 8, which means the celadon of the Altar Yao and Laohudong Yao are different from that of the Longquan Yao. The former two belong to the Guan Yao system （the Chinese imperial kilns）, but the latter to the Min Yao system （the Chinese popular kilns）. The principle component analysis shows their relationship between the Altar and Laohudong wares with provenance postulation. The thickness of the transitive layer in the Altar and Laohudong wares is obviously different, which reveals the microstructure characteristics of the celadon even though both kinds of wares belong to the imperial kiln system.     

酶法催化餐饮废油制备生物柴油的研究

以废物资源转化为宗旨,利用固定化脂肪酶催化餐饮废油与乙醇反应制备生物柴油,通过实验获得最佳酯化反应条件:反应温度47℃、有机溶剂为正己烷、醇油比3∶1,5次投加乙醇,酶用量为0.3g,反应时间32h时,生物柴油产率可达81%。     

西藏曲珍过铝花岗岩地球化学特征及地球动力学意义

对西藏曲珍过铝花岗岩的地球化学研究表明,岩石中SiO_2、Al_2O_3和K_2O的含量均很高,贫TiO_2和Fe_2O_3;SiO_2变化为72．72%～73．34%,为铝和硅过饱和类型,属典型的含白云母过铝质花岗岩(MPG)。稀土元素总量(∑REE)为99．71×10~(-6)-132．85×10~(-6),稀土元素配分曲线显示铕负异常明显,具负铈异常。Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素具有明显的负异常,而La、Nd、Y等大离子亲石元素具有明显的正异常。过铝指数图、微量元素标准化蛛网图、岩石组合R_1-R_2图解、Rb-(Y+Nb)和Nb-Y图解均指示曲珍岩体是产生于同碰撞环境的花岗岩,其定位机制与板片俯冲、碰撞后陆内调整有关。Sr和Nd同位素组成具非常负的ε_(Nd)(t)值(-14．8～-15．4)和非常老的Nd模式年龄,表明其来源可能是古老的上地壳物质,而ε_(Sr)(t)-ε_(Nd)(t)图解也支持其上地壳来源。岩体具有较高~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr初始比值(0．72699～0．73884)特征,据此推断曲珍过铝花岗岩成因是陆壳部分熔融作用产物。岩浆源区可能以粘土岩为主,砂质岩占次要地位,是成熟陆块部分熔融作用的结果。