Discovery of Borax-bearing Mirabilite Beds in Dong Co, Northern Tibet, and Its Palaeoclimatic Significance

The authors investigated lacustrine chemical sediments on terrace-I of Dong Co-a salt lake in the interior of the northern Tibetan Plateau and firstly discovered borax and a complete sedimentary section with five pure mirabilite beds. According to the sedimentary characteristics of rhythmic layering, palaeotemperatures for the formation of the cold-phase mineral-mirabilite-at the profiles and 14C dating, the authors applied the theory and method of comparative salinology in the study of the history of the palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment of Dong Co in the early and middle Holocene and drew the conclusion that the salt lake had experienced the following climatic evolution: the warm and moist stage (>8470 a BP and possibly to 10500 a BP)→cold and dry stage (8470-8170 a BP)→warm and moist stage (8170-7590 a BP)→stage of repeated climatic oscillations (7590-7400 a BP, alternation of three dry oscillations and three moist oscillations in a generally cold climatic background)→cold and dry stage (7400-6     

柴达木盆地未熟—低熟石油的生烃母质研究新进展

柴达木盆地古近系—新近系烃源岩具有有机质丰度低,而烃转化率却较高,主要形成于咸水、还原环境特点,明显有别于我国东部古近系—新近系的烃源岩。特别是目前在柴达木盆地已探明的石油资源中80％为未熟—低熟石油,更是与我国东部盆地古近系—新近系原油具有明显的不同。柴达木盆地目前已探明的石油资源中近80％为未熟—低熟石油。为了了解柴达木盆地这种异常富集未熟—低熟石油的根本原因,本文借鉴古生物学的研究方法,通过改进传统提取干酪根的方式,尽可能多地保留干酪根中原有的生物形态与结构,采用将干酪根与全岩光薄片的荧光显微组分相结合的研究方法,确定了柴达木盆地未熟—低熟石油主要的、真正的生烃母质是丛粒藻及颗石藻。     

西藏洞错硼砂芒硝层的发现及其古气候意义

通过调查藏北高原腹地盐湖——洞错的Ⅰ级阶地湖相化学沉积,首次发现硼砂及赋存5层纯芒硝层的完整沉积剖面,依据韵律层的沉积特征研究和~(14)C测年,针对剖面中出现的冷相盐类矿物——芒硝,应用比较盐湖学的理论和方法,指出洞错在全新世早、中期经历了潮湿温暖期(>8470 a BP,可能至10500 a BP±)→寒冷干旱期(8470～8170 a BP)→潮湿温暖期(8170～7590 a BP)→气候频繁波动期(7590～7400 a BP,寒冷大背景下三干三湿的气候演替)→寒冷干旱期(7400～6940 a BP)→潮湿温和期(6940～6620 a BP)→寒冷干旱期(6620～6410a BP)→温暖湿润期(6410 a BP以后)的演变序列。     

Isotope Geochemistry of the Xinchang -Yongjia Silver (Lead-Zinc)Ore Belt in Eastern Zhejiang Province

In the Xinchang-Yongjia silver (lead-zinc) ore belt, there mainly occur the large to medium-sized Haoshi, Bamao, Dalingkou and Wubu silver deposits or silver-bearing lead-zinc deposits. On the basis of researches on these typical deposits, the mechanism of leaching-drawing mineralization of Mesozoic geothermal water and the related model are put forward in this paper in the light of the time interval between rock and formation ages as well as hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur and lead isotope geochemical characteristics. The major metallogenic process occurred in volcanic rock layers. The ore-forming fluids are geothermal water coming from meteoric water and circulating at shallow layers. This geothermal water leached and absorbed ore-forming materials from its country rocks during its flowing (such metallogenic elements as silver, lead-zinc and sulphur mainly came from consolidated volcanic rocks), leading to the formation of meso - epithermal silver deposits.     

岩石标准物质的研制

研制了霓霞正长岩，粗面岩，花岗闪长岩，辉长石，流纹岩及白云岩６种不同类型的岩石标准物质，对用Ｘ射线荧光光谱均匀性检验实际取样量进行了探讨，选择分析测试方法时，除采用了标准方法和长期应用的分析方法外，还采用了近年发展起来的新技术新方法，在定值中应用了多参数统计定值模式，给出了６９个元素的标准值和参考值，该批标准物质于１９９１年１月经国家技术监督局审核批准为国家一级标准物质，编号分别为ＧＢＷ０７１０９     

阿拉善地区朱拉扎嘎金矿床硫、铅同位素研究

朱拉扎嘎金矿是近年来在华北地台北缘西段首次找到的以变质沉积岩为主岩的大型金矿床，金矿化主要呈似层状、脉状和透镜体状产在中元古界变质沉积岩地层内，11件硫化物和2件金矿石金岩的δ^34S值变化范围为1.1‰-7.1‰，根据硫化物的产状及形成期次判断，成矿热液中的硫同位素基本上达到了平衡，成矿热液的δ^34S值为2‰左右，暗示硫的来源主要以深源硫为主，与岩浆活动关系密切，6件金矿石中的硫化物、1件变质沉积岩、2件地层火山岩 5件侵入岩体（脉）的^206Pb/^204Pb/^204Pb值分别为17.034-17.725、16.971、17.602-17.513和17.492-17.776,^207Pb/^204Pb为15.297-15.552、15.031、15.436-15.445和15.299-15.564;^208Pb/^204Pb为36.599-37.489、36.347、37.493-37.623和37.606-37.895。在铅构造模式图中，尽管金矿石Pb同位素投影点分布范围较大，但多36.347、37.493-37.623和37.606-37.895。在铅构造模式图中，尽管金矿石Pb同位素投影点分布范围较大，但多数集中于地幔和造山带演化线附近，并与侵入岩铅同位素组成较为接近，反映了铅的来源主要与岩浆活动有关，矿石铅同位素组成可能是侵入岩铅与变质地层中铅混合的结果，S、Pb同位素数据表明，在朱拉扎嘎金矿床，原始地导台的火山岩可能促成了金在地层中的预富集，而海西期大规模的构造-岩浆活动不仅带来了大量的成矿物质，而且使地层中的金活化，并在有利的构造部位沉淀富集，从而形成金矿。     

Fluid-melt Inclusions in Fluorite of the Huanggangliang Skarn Iron-Tin Deposit and Their Significance to Mineralization

For the first time, fluid-melt inclusions are found in fluorite of the Huanggangliang skarn iron-tin deposit (HSID). The fluorite was formed in the main stage of mineralization, named the hydro-skarnization stage. The inclusions contain various components such as Fe, Mg and Cr from deep sources. The melts of primary inclusions are mainly Ca- and F-rich and those of secondary inclusions tend to become Si-rich. During this evolution process, the melts and iron daughter minerals decreased and even vanished. These facts reveal that the evolution of the primary mineralizing fluids and the differentiation of the fluids and melts are the main factors leading to the deposition of Fe, Sn and other elements. This discovery confirms the magmatic genesis of the HSID and has filled in the gaps in the research of magmatogenic skarn deposits and furnished new methods for such research. Furthermore, it has enlarged the scope of the research on fluid inclusions.     

Organic Composition of Sulphide Ores in the Okinawa Trough and Its Implications

A preliminary organic geochemical study shows that the sulphide ores from the hydrothermal deposit of the Okinawa Trough are generally low in the total organic carbon and extremely low in the soluble organic matter. In the aliphatic hydrocarbon fraction, the n-alkanes range from C15 to C35, with usual maxima in the middle n-C20 region and strong odd-carbon number predominance when n > C25 (CPI = 1.2). The dominant analog in the aromatic fraction is phenanthrene, a polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon, which provides evidence for hydrothermal activity. The organic matter derived mainly from marine planktonic and terrigenous vascular plants is entrapped in a high-temperature regime such as an active chimney and cooled quickly in the sulphide ores on the seafloor. Organic matter and sulphides are definitely products of a high-temperature alteration. The biomarker compounds indicate that the ores are formed under low Eh and pH conditions-a reducing to anoxic environment, which is favourable for sulphates to be     

西昆仑山北坡陆台盖层型元古宇的基本特征

根据西昆仑山北坡收集的地层、古生物及少量古地磁、同位素年龄等资料作了深入研究,将以往误定的下古生界及震旦系重新定为3个系(长城系,蓟县系,青白口系)、7个组(卡拉克尔组,拉依勒克组,布卡吐维组:博查特塔格组,苏玛兰组;玉沙斯组,阿其克巴西组),并确认为塔里木地台的第一盖层.     

安徽嘉山坡缕石加热相变的研究

研究样品产于安徽嘉山县的第三系沉积型粘土矿层。样品经分离提纯后分别加热,对不同温度的样品进行X射线衍射和红外光谱分析,结合坡缕石的热分析资料的综合研究,证明坡缕石的热相变过程为:200℃前脱失沸石水,对晶体结构没有影响;200—400℃配位水渐次脱失,晶体发生“折叠作用”,为无水坡缕石阶段;400-500℃时大部分羟基脱失,坡缕石结构随羟基脱失逐渐瓦解;700—800℃出现短暂的玻璃相,接着在800—900℃先后重结晶为顽火辉石和方英石。在高温结晶相中未发现硅线石。