高煤级煤储层煤层气产能“瓶颈”问题研究

基于山西沁水盆地高煤级煤储层宏观裂隙、显微裂隙的连续观测,孔隙的系统测量,结合应力渗透率、气-水相对渗透率、吸附膨胀等实验成果,分析了高煤级煤储层三级渗流特征,探讨了有效应力和煤基质收缩对高煤级煤储层渗透率的耦合作用,系统揭示了在地面排水降压开发煤层气的过程中,高煤级煤储层初期产气量高,数月后急剧衰减之“瓶颈”现象,找出了造成高煤级煤储层产气缺陷的根本原因。鉴于高煤级煤储层物性的特殊性,指出了高煤级煤储层煤层气开发的技术和措施。     

REE Characteristics of the Kalatongke Cu-Ni Deposit, Xinjiang, China

On the basis of the study on the REE geochemistry of the ore minerals and host rocks of the Kalatongke Cu-Ni deposit, Xinjiang, it is indicated that the major ore minerals, sulfides, were sourced from the host mafic-ultramafic magma. Characterized by low REE content of sulfide, such a Cu-Ni sulfide deposit occurring in the orogen is obviously different from that on the margin of the craton. Because the mafic-ultramafic rocks from the Cu-Ni sulfide deposit occurring in the orogen is water-rich and the REEs of some sulfides show a particular "multiple-bending" pattern, which suggests coexistence of multiple liquid phases (fluid and melt), the sulfide melt possibly contains a great deal of hydrothermal fluids and increasingly developed gases and liquid-rich ore-forming fluids after the main metallogenic epoch (magmatic segregation stage).     

Ore-Bearing Formations of the Precambrian in South China and Their Prospects

In the Precambrian System of the Yangtze and Cathaysian plates six ore-bearing formations can be identified: the Cu-Pb-Zn-bearing formations in volcanic rocks of marine facies of the Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic, Cu-Au-bearing formations and Pb-Zn-bearing formations in volcanic rocks of marine facies of the Mesoproterozoic, Pb-Zn-bearing formations in volcaniclastic rock and carbonate rock of the Neoproterozoic, Fe-Mn-bearing formations in the volcaniclastic rock of the Neoproterozoic, and Ni-Cr-serpentine-bearing formations in ophiolite and ultrabasic rock of the Meso- and Neoproterozoic. They were mostly formed in the marginal rift valleys of the Yangtze and Cathaysian plates, where occur stratabound and stratiform ore deposits, thermal deposits and porphyry polymetallic deposits. The six regions with ore-bearing formations have good prospects for ore deposits.     

滇西兰坪盆地五茂林剖面下白垩统景星组沉积相

实测了云南西部兰坪盆地东部下白垩统下部景星组的五茂林剖面,建立了曲流河、三角洲和湖泊3种沉积序列,其中三角洲序列在云南下白垩统中属首次建立。分析了粗碎屑岩的组成,将该剖面上出露的砾岩分成4类。早白垩世时兰坪盆地属丹那沙林-高黎贡弧的弧后盆地,景星组自下而上为曲流河沉积、三角洲沉积和湖泊沉积,且随湖侵发生,湖泊向西扩大。     

GIS Platform-based Multi-source Information System for Evaluation of Cu, W and Au Resources in the Northern Qilian, China

Based on the information of geology, geochemistry, geophysics and remote sensing, the GIS of multi-source information is used to evaluate Cu, W and Au mineral resources in Northern Qilian, China. As the GIS evaluation system works out in the thinking of geological prospecting, its functions include file management, graph edition, database maintenance, information inquiry and comprehensive spatial analysis as well as prospecting target prognosis. Accordingly, the GIS evaluation system can be used directly and conveniently for inquiry and analysis of visual graphs or images.     

A Simple Monte Carlo Method for Locating the Three-dimensional Critical Slip Surface of a Slope

Based on the assumption of the plain-strain problem, various optimization or random search methods have been developed for locating the critical slip surfaces in slope-stability analysis, but none of such methods is applicable to the 3D case. In this paper, a simple Monte Carlo random simulation method is proposed to identify the 3D critical slip surface. Assuming the initial slip to be the lower part of a slip ellipsoid, the 3D critical slip surface is located by means of a minimized 3D safety factor. A column-based 3D slope stability analysis model is used to calculate this factor. In this study, some practical cases of known minimum safety factors and critical slip surfaces in 2D analysis are extended to 3D slope problems to locate the critical slip surfaces. Compared with the 2D result, the resulting 3D critical slip surface has no apparent difference in terms of only cross section, but the associated 3D safety factor is definitely higher.     

Massive Sulphide Deposits Related to the Volcano-Passive Continental Margin in the Altay Region

The Devonian volcano-passive continental margin in southern Altay is a significant volcanogenic massive sulphide metallogenic belt. Acidic volcanism has been dominant on the inner side of the volcano-passive continental margin, i.e., near the old land, resulting in a Pb-Zn metallogenic sub-belt, in which the ore deposits are hosted by sedimentary rocks in volcanic series, as represented by the large Koktal Pb-Zn deposits. In the central part of the margin far away from the old land, bimodal volcanic formations are well developed, forming volcanics-hosted Cu-Zn metallogenic sub-belts, e.g., the large-scale Ashele Cu-Zn deposit. The Qiaoxiahala sub-belt on the outer side of the margin near the ocean ridge is located at the spreading central trough, where ophiolite suites are developed. This type of deposits is rich in gold and copper, similar to the Cyprus-type Fe-Cu-Au metallogenic sub-belt in metallogenic environment (represented by the Qiaoxiahala medium-scale Fe-Cu-Au deposit). From the old land to th     

大兴安岭北部森林覆盖区植物化探找矿方法的新思路

大兴安岭北部森林覆盖区内白桦、落叶松分布广泛。以白桦、落叶松作为植物化探的主要研究对象具有可操作性和可推广性.植物的外皮、落叶是植物化探研究的首选.落叶松、白桦树叶的采集时间应在9月份叶落后不久,采样间距可在100~600m之间.松树、白桦树皮的采样时间集中在6月和9月两个阶段,采样间距在10~200m之间,采集的树皮距地约0.2m.建议采用干灰化法,最佳的灰化温度在450℃左右     

南极乔治王岛阿德默勒尔蒂湾火山活动时空演化

在乔治王岛中部的阿德默勒尔蒂湾 ,凯勒半岛、于尔曼山嘴和埃内坎角是第三纪火山岩集中分布区。野外地质调查和同位素年代学研究表明 ,凯勒半岛发生了三期火山喷发 (三个火山喷发旋回 ) ,同时伴随着火山活动中心的不断北移 ;在第二期火山喷发之后 ,火口塌陷 ,形成破火山 ,之后在半岛北部又发生火山喷发 ,并向东迁移到于尔曼山嘴。因此凯勒半岛是一复活破火山 ,火山活动具有随时间迁移的特性。埃内坎角火山活动虽与上述两地区大致同时 ,但化学成分上不存在明显演化关系 ,应属另一相对独立的火山活动中心     

A Review on the Global Stratotype Section and Point of the Permian-Triassic Boundary

1 Introduction The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Permian-Triassic Boundary (PTB) has been ratified by IUGS in 2001 (Yin et al., 2001). It is defined at the base of the Hindeodus parvus horizon, i.e. the base of Bed 27c of Meishan Section D, Changxing County, Zhejiang Province, South China. The PTB is important because it is not only an erathem boundary but also a great turning point of geological history symbolized by profound global changes and the strongest …