Outer-zone electron boundary according to intercosmos-13 measurements

Summary The position of the high-latitude boundary for electrons of E_e>40 keV and E_e>1 MeV on a low-altitude satellite is studied. An assymetry of this boundary with respect to magnetic local time has been detected. This assymetry depends on geomagnetic activity. Changes of boundary position are more pronounced for lower energies than for higher. The boundary positions obtained by Intercosmos-13 are compared with those obtained by the OGO-6 and AZUR satellites.     

A method of reducing the disturbing effects in gamma — Spectrometric measurements of rock radioactivity

Summary The long-termed stability of the NTA 1024 Gamma spectrometer was investigated. In order to reduce the influence of the instability of the linear amplifier, a method of mathematical transformation of the spectrum was introduced.     

Modelling of the sensing system of a vibrational magnetometer by digital computer

Summary An analytico-numerical computation of the transfer function of the sensing system of a vibrational magnetometer is presented. In discussing the results, the properties of the method are pointed out and a proposal for the sensing system is made with regard to the required sensitivity of the instrument.     

Tilts due to the free nutation of the Earth's axis in the results of geodetic observations

Summary Simple expressions for the deformation of equipotential surfaces and changes of the deflections of the vertical are derived at points of the Earth's surface, which are due to the variations of the rotational component of the gravity potential under free nutation of the Earth's axis of rotation (pole wandering). The results of the solution of this problem given in[1] are discussed. The values of the tilts and the changes of geoid heights for extreme deviations of the poles are considered from the point of view of the effect on measuring tilts and on levelling. An elastically deformable Earth is assumed. It is concluded that reductions with respect to the mean Earth's pole are not realistic at the present degree of accuracy of levelling. The necessity to reduce long-term tilt observations, or the possibility of determining the time variations of the rotational axis from the analysis of these observations is pointed out.     

Bewölkung über Mitteleuropa nach den Satellitenaufnahmen

Zusammenfassung Es wurde u.a. festgestellt, dass in der fünfjährigen chronologischen Reihe der Bewölkungsgrade Mitteleuropas mehrere Perioden vorkommen. Es wird angenommen, dass die 28–29-Tage-Periode von solaren oder lunaren Einflüssen hervorgerufen sein könnte. (Dieser Kurzbericht stammt aus dem ausführlicheren Text des Vortrages, der an der wissenschaftlichen Tagung im Institut den 8. 12. 1977 vorgelesen wurde.)     

Possible differences between mean sea-levels from satellite altimetry

Summary The first attempt has been made at determining the differences between mean sea-levels, using the recent satellite altimetry data [1].     

On the problem of equal area block on a sphere

Summary A new untraditional way of dividing the sphere surface into an arbitrary number of equal area blocks by means of a spiral is proposed and its statistical properties are analysed.     

Temporal Variations in Sea Surface Topography and Dynamics of the Earth's Inertia Ellipsoid

Temporal variations in the nine elements of the Earth's inertia ellipsoid due to sea surface topography dynamics were derived from TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data 1993 - 1996. The variations amount to about 10 mm in the position of the center of the Earth's inertia ellipsoid (E _i ), 0.15' in the polar axis direction of E _i and to about 0.0003 in the denominator of its polar flattening. The approach used is based on the temporal variations of distortions computed by means of the geopotential model EGM96 which is used as reference.     

Solar Activity Effects on Gravity Wave Activity Inferred from Radio Wave Absorption in the Lower Ionosphere

The low frequency (LF) nighttime radio-wave absorption in the lower ionosphere has been measured at Prhonice (50°N, 15°E) in central Europe for over 35 years. Digital measurements, performed since summer 1988, allow absorption oscillations in the period range 10 – 180 mins, which are believed to reflect gravity wave activity, to be derived. Unfortunately, problems with the transmitter in recent years terminated the evaluation of gravity wave activity. The analysis of the available information (6 years of data) allows two conclusions to be drawn as to the effects of the solar activity on gravity wave activity: (1) there is no detectable effect of the solar 27-day variation on gravity wave activity; (2) there is an indication that the positive effect of the 11-year solar cycle on gravity wave activity in the winter half of the year is remarkable (lack of data in summer). The result concerning the solar cycle effect is, to a certain extent, preliminary, because the available data do not cover a complete solar cycle. A comparison with results from other stations and an interpretation of results are presented.     

Solution of the inner stokes problem for a sphere

Summary In the present paper the inner Stokes problem is solved.