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731.
Zhibin Dai Shengbang Qian Eduardo Fernández Lajús G. L. Baume 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2010,330(2):243-248
Two CCD photometries of the intermediate polar TV Columbae are made for obtaining two updated eclipse timings with high precision. There is an interval time ~17 yr since the last mid-eclipse time observed in 1991. Thus, the new mid-eclipse times might offer an opportunity to check the previous orbital ephemerides. A calculation indicates that the orbital ephemeris derived by Augusteijn et al. (Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 107:219, 1994) should be corrected. Based on the proper linear ephemeris (Hellier in Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 264:132, 1993), the new orbital period analysis suggests a cyclical period variation in the O–C diagram of TV Columbae. Using Applegate’s mechanism to explain the periodic oscillation in the O–C diagram, the required energy is larger than the energy that a M0-type star can afford over a complete variation period of ~31.0(±3.0) yr. Thus, the light travel-time effect indicates that the tertiary component in TV Columbae may be a dwarf with a low mass, which is near the lower mass limit of ~0.08M ⊙ as long as the inclination of the third body is high enough. 相似文献
732.
We calculate NLTE models of stellar winds of hot compact stars (central stars of planetary nebulae and subdwarf stars). The studied range of subdwarf parameters is selected to cover a large part of these stars. The models predict the wind hydrodynamical structure and provide mass-loss rates for different abundances. Our models show that CNO elements are important drivers of subdwarf winds, especially for low-luminosity stars. We study the effect of X-rays and instabilities on these winds. Due to the line-driven wind instability, a significant part of the wind could be very hot. 相似文献
733.
We have analyzed a set of 147 metric Type II radio bursts observed by Culgoora radio spectrograph from November 1997 to December
2006. These events were divided into two sets: The first subset contains Type II events that started during the impulsive
phase of the associated solar flares and the second subset contains those starting during the decaying phase of flares. Our
main aim is to differentiate the metric Type IIs, flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) of these two subsets. It is found
that while Type II burst characteristics of both subsets are very similar, there are significant differences between flare
and CME properties for these two subsets. Considering all analyzed relationships between the characteristics of Type IIs,
flares and CMEs in these two Type II subsets, we conclude that most of the coronal shocks causing metric Type II bursts are
driven by CMEs, but that a fraction of events are probably ignited by solar flares. 相似文献
734.
The north – south asymmetries (NSA) of three solar activity indices are derived and mutually compared over a period of more
than five solar cycles (1945 – 2001). A catalogue of the hemispheric sunspot numbers, the data set of the coronal green line
brightness developed by us, and the magnetic flux derived from the NSO/KP data (1975 – 2001) are treated separately within
the discrete low- and mid-latitude zones (5° – 30°, 35° – 60°). The calculated autocorrelations, cross-correlations, and regressions
between the long-term NSA data sets reveal regularities in the solar activity phenomenon. Namely, the appearance of a distinct
quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is evident in all selected activity indices. Nevertheless, a smooth behavior of QBO is derived
only when sufficient temporal averaging is performed over solar cycles. The variation in the significance and periodicity
of QBO allows us to conclude that the QBO is not persistent over the whole solar cycle. A similarity in the photospheric and
coronal manifestations of the NSA implies that their mutual relation will also show the QBO. A roughly two-year periodicity
is actually obtained, but again only after significant averaging over solar cycles. The derived cross-correlations are in
fact variable in degree of correlation as well as in changing periodicity. A clear and significant temporal shift of 1 – 2
months in the coronal manifestation of the magnetic flux asymmetry relative to the photospheric manifestation is revealed
as a main property of their mutual correlation. This shift can be explained by the delayed large-scale coronal manifestation
in responding to the emergence of the magnetic flux in the photosphere. The reliability of the derived results was confirmed
by numerical tests performed by selecting different numerical values of the used parameters. 相似文献
735.
736.
B. Košt’ák S. Cacoń N. D. Dobrev E. Avramova-Tačeva E. Fecker J. Kopecký L. Petro R. Schweitzer A. A. Nikonov 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2007,43(6):503-516
Long-term repeated measurements of microdisplacements in tectonic fault structures of various parts of Central Europe and the Balkan Mountains showed that displacement trends changed significantly at several points in the period from 1997 through 2000; afterward, long-term trends were restored. This phenomenon took place in the periods of strong (M > 7) earthquakes in Iran (1997) and in the North Anatolian fault zone in Turkey (1999). Two strong Izmit earthquakes of 1999 in Turkey at distances of 600 km from the Balkan Peninsula and 1400 km from observation points in Central Europe were the main seismic events of the period studied. Apparently, the crustal deformation due to the sources of the aforementioned earthquakes reaches the central part of the European craton. Anomalous displacements in some areas occurred due to deformation propagating for great distances in the heterogeneous block medium of the West European part of the Eurasian plate. Changes in stresses can be caused by impulsive deformations of various intensities acting on some structural units (fault segments) at various distances. 相似文献
737.
Fleurice Parat François Holtz Miloš René Renat Almeev 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2010,159(3):331-347
The equilibrium phase relations of a mafic durbachite (53 wt.% SiO2) from the Třebíč pluton, representative of the Variscan ultrapotassic magmatism of the Bohemian Massif (338–335 Ma), have
been determined as a function of temperature (900–1,100°C), pressure (100–200 MPa), and H2O activity (1.1–6.1 wt.% H2O in the melt). Two oxygen fugacity ranges were investigated: close to the Ni–NiO (NNO) buffer and 2.6 log unit above NNO
buffer (∆NNO + 2.6). At 1,100°C, olivine is the liquidus phase and co-crystallized with phlogopite and augite at 1,000°C for
the whole range of investigated pressure and water content in the melt. At 900°C, the mineral assemblage consists of augite
and phlogopite, whereas olivine is not stable. The stability field of both alkali feldspar and plagioclase is restricted to
low pressure (100 MPa) at nearly water-saturated conditions (<3–4 wt.% H2O) and T < 900°C. A comparison between experimental products and natural minerals indicates that mafic durbachites have a near-liquidus
assemblage of olivine, augite, Ti-rich phlogopite, apatite and zircon, followed by alkali feldspar and plagioclase, similar
to the mineral assemblage of minette magma. Natural amphibole, diopside and orthopyroxene were not reproduced experimentally
and probably result from sub-solidus reactions, whereas biotite re-equilibrated at low temperature. The crystallization sequence
olivine followed by phlogopite and augite reproduces the sequence inferred in many mica-lamprophyre rocks. The similar fractionation
trends observed for durbachites and minettes indicate that mafic durbachites are probably the plutonic equivalents of minettes
and that K- and Mg-rich magmas in the Bohemian Massif may have been generated from partial melting of a phlogopite–clinopyroxene-bearing
metasomatized peridotite. Experimental melt compositions also suggest that felsic durbachites can be generated by simple fractionation
of a more mafic parent and mixing with mantle-derived components at mid crustal pressures. 相似文献
738.
The Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Pb–Zn ore district at Mežica is hosted by Middle to Upper Triassic platform carbonate rocks
in the Northern Karavanke/Drau Range geotectonic units of the Eastern Alps, northeastern Slovenia. The mineralization at Mežica
covers an area of 64 km2 with more than 350 orebodies and numerous galena and sphalerite occurrences, which formed epigenetically, both conformable
and discordant to bedding. While knowledge on the style of mineralization has grown considerably, the origin of discordant
mineralization is still debated. Sulfur stable isotope analyses of 149 sulfide samples from the different types of orebodies
provide new insights on the genesis of these mineralizations and their relationship. Over the whole mining district, sphalerite
and galena have δ
34
S values in the range of –24.7 to –1.5‰ VCDT (–13.5 ± 5.0‰) and –24.7 to –1.4‰ (–10.7 ± 5.9‰), respectively. These values are
in the range of the main MVT deposits of the Drau Range. All sulfide δ
34
S values are negative within a broad range, with δ
34
S
pyrite <δ
34
S
sphalerite <δ
34
S
galena for both conformable and discordant orebodies, indicating isotopically heterogeneous H2S in the ore-forming fluids and precipitation of the sulfides at thermodynamic disequilibrium. This clearly supports that
the main sulfide sulfur originates from bacterially mediated reduction (BSR) of Middle to Upper Triassic seawater sulfate
or evaporite sulfate. Thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) by organic compounds contributed a minor amount of 34S-enriched H2S to the ore fluid. The variations of δ
34
S values of galena and coarse-grained sphalerite at orefield scale are generally larger than the differences observed in single
hand specimens. The progressively more negative δ
34
S values with time along the different sphalerite generations are consistent with mixing of different H2S sources, with a decreasing contribution of H2S from regional TSR, and an increase from a local H2S reservoir produced by BSR (i.e., sedimentary biogenic pyrite, organo-sulfur compounds). Galena in discordant ore (–11.9
to –1.7‰; –7.0 ± 2.7‰, n = 12) tends to be depleted in 34
S compared with conformable ore (–24.7 to –2.8‰, –11.7 ± 6.2‰, n = 39). A similar trend is observed from fine-crystalline sphalerite I to coarse open-space filling sphalerite II. Some variation
of the sulfide δ
34
S values is attributed to the inherent variability of bacterial sulfate reduction, including metabolic recycling in a locally
partially closed system and contribution of H2S from hydrolysis of biogenic pyrite and thermal cracking of organo-sulfur compounds. The results suggest that the conformable
orebodies originated by mixing of hydrothermal saline metal-rich fluid with H2S-rich pore waters during late burial diagenesis, while the discordant orebodies formed by mobilization of the earlier conformable
mineralization. 相似文献
739.
Six samples of non-mineralized black shale from a Kupferschiefer section in the northern part of the Polish Zechstein Basin
(Zdrada IG-8 drill hole: 1026.16–1026.90 m) were studied for Re–Os isotopes and selected major and trace elements. These black
shales, averaging 5.82 wt.% Corg and 1.69 wt.% Stot, display very low base metal values (up to 106 ppb Cu, 792 ppb Pb, and 144 ppb Zn) and have abundances of 64–1376 ppb Re
and 0.37–1.25 ppb Os, with a 187Os/188Os ratio of 6.95–22.5. The regression of all Re–Os data yields an age of 247 ± 20 Ma, which is within the range of uncertainties
of previous Rb–Sr and K–Ar geochronological studies. The scatter in the Re–Os data can be explained in terms of fluctuations
in sedimentary conditions, i.e., restricted basin with terrestrial influence. 相似文献
740.
Günther J. Redhammer Fernando Cámara Matteo Alvaro Fabrizio Nestola Gerold Tippelt Sebastian Prinz Jan Simons Georg Roth Georg Amthauer 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2010,37(10):685-704
A synthetic clinopyroxene with composition LiFe3+Ge2O6, monoclinic s.g. P21/c, a = 9.8792(7), b = 8.8095(5), c = 5.3754(3) Å, β = 108.844(6)°, V = 442.75(16) Å3, has been studied by in situ low- and high-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The variation of lattice parameters and the intensity of the b-type reflections (h + k = 2n + 1, only present in the P-symmetry) with increasing temperature showed a displacive phase transition from space group P21/c to C2/c at a transition temperature T tr = 789 K, first order in character, with a sudden volume increase of 1.6% and a decrease of β by 1° at the transition. This spontaneous dilatation is reversible, shows a limited hysteresis of ±10°C, and corresponds to the vanishing of the b-type reflections, thus indicating a symmetry increase to space group C2/c. Below T tr an expansion is observed for all the cell parameters, while the β angle remained almost constant; at T > T tr the thermal volume expansion is due to dilatation of the structure in the $(\bar{1}\,0\,1) A synthetic clinopyroxene with composition LiFe3+Ge2O6, monoclinic s.g. P21/c, a = 9.8792(7), b = 8.8095(5), c = 5.3754(3) ?, β = 108.844(6)°, V = 442.75(16) ?3, has been studied by in situ low- and high-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The variation of lattice parameters
and the intensity of the b-type reflections (h + k = 2n + 1, only present in the P-symmetry) with increasing temperature showed a displacive phase transition from space group P21/c to C2/c at a transition temperature T
tr = 789 K, first order in character, with a sudden volume increase of 1.6% and a decrease of β by 1° at the transition. This spontaneous dilatation is reversible, shows a limited hysteresis of ±10°C, and corresponds
to the vanishing of the b-type reflections, thus indicating a symmetry increase to space group C2/c. Below T
tr an expansion is observed for all the cell parameters, while the β angle remained almost constant; at T > T
tr the thermal volume expansion is due to dilatation of the structure in the ([`1] 0 1)(\bar{1}\,0\,1) plane, mostly along [0 1 0], and pure shear in the (0 1 0) plane due to the decrease of β. From comparison with silicate analogues, the germanate clinopyroxenes are more expansible, while the P21/c expands more than the C2/c phase. The evolution of Q
2 (calculated as the normalized intensity of b-type reflections) with T in the framework of the Landau theory has been done using a standard expression for a first order phase transition. We observe
a jump of Q
02 = 0.538(2) at T
tr, with T
c of 481(7) K, b/a = −2,290 K, and c/a = 3,192 K, and thus far from being tri-critical point. A closely related composition (LiFe3+Si2O6) shows an equivalent phase transition at 228 K, which is very close to the tri-critical point and 561 K cooler. This result
indicates that a change in the composition of tetrahedral sites can have dramatic effects on the P21/c ↔ C2/c displacive phase transition in clinopyroxenes. The major changes observed in the evolution of the crystal structure with
T are observed in the M2 polyhedron, with a volume decrease by ca. 13.3%, compared to ca. 1.3% observed in the M1 polyhedron.
The tetrahedra behave as rigid units with neither a significant change of volume at T > T
tr (<1‰), nor a change of tilting of the basal plane. No change in coordination is observed at T > T
tr in the M2 polyhedron, which remains sixfold coordinated although a strong deformation of this polyhedron is observed. This
deformation is related to a strong change by 51.4° at T
tr of the kinking angle (O3–O3–O3 angle) of the B-chain of tetrahedra, which switches from O-rotated to S-rotated [from 143.3(5)°
to 194.7(6)°]. The A-chain is S-rotated at T < T
tr [206.8(5)° at 703 K] and extends by 12° at the transition. 相似文献