On curved laminae,graded layers,convection currents and dynamic crystal sorting in the Ploumanac'h (brittany) subalkaline granite

Curved, layered objects in a subalkaline, potassic, intrusive granite are analyzed: biotite laminae and cyclic reverse size and modal layers are encountered in an annular zone; both cyclic and intermittent layers are observed in rhythmic arrangement. Truncation, the bifurcation curvature of layers with ladle shape, represents the action of magmatic currents, as would convection cells or fluid-dynamic fingers. Emphasis is put on the Bagnold effect related to such currents, which would explain the reverse size-grading of layers; this kind of size-sorting (hydrodynamic) occurs in highly viscous granitic magma. Simple convection seems more likely than diffusive convection.     

Die W-Sn-Lagerstätte Chojlla,Cordillera Real,Bolivien Teil 1: Nebengestein und Tektonik

The W, Sn ore deposit of Mina Chojlla is situated in the Cordillera Real to the NE of La Paz within a thick pile of Lower Paleozoic slates near the contact to the alkaligranitic and granodioritic Taquesi-Mururata Batholith of Upper Triassic age. Due to the intrusion the slates, which during the Paleozoic had slightly been folded, became low grade metamorphic and were metasomatically turmalinized. The slates, which uniformly dip to the NE, are cut at right angle by a system of parallel orebearing quartz veins, which dip to the SW. They evidently are tensional features, but opening of joints was made possible only through a special orientation of stratification parallel to the tensional stress and normal to the compressional stress. The stress pattern was generated in a shear zone as a consequence of an upward motion of the batholith with respect to its surroundings. Younger Andean tectonics first caused frequently repeated small bedding plane faults, and lateron a system of reversed faults.

---

Resumen El yacimiento de wolfram y estaño de la mina Chojlla está ubicado en la Cordillera Real al Noreste de la Paz dentro de una secuencia muy potente de pizarras del Paleozoico inferior y cerca del contacto con el granito alcalino y la granodiorita del batolito Taquesi-Mururata de edad triásica superior. Debido a la intrusión, las lutitas ya levemente plegadas durante el ciclo hercínico fueron sometidas a un metamorfismo de bajo grado y a una turmalinización metasomática. Una serie de vetas mineralizadas, que están inclinadas hacia el SW, corta perpendicularmente a las pizarras inclinadas hacia el NE. Resultan de grietas de extensión, las cuales pudieron abrirse sólo por consecuencia de una orientación especial de la estratificación paralela al esfuerzo extensivo y perpendicular al esfuerzo compresivo. Estos esfuerzos pueden explicarse como componentes de un sistema de cizalla producido por un levantamiento tardío del batolito. La tectónica más reciente produjo primero frecuentes fallas en el plano de estratificación y luego un sistema tranversal de fallas inversas.

     

Composition isotopique du strontium d'eaux interstitielles extraites de sédiments récents: un argument en faveur de l'homogénéisation isotopique des minéraux argileux

The ${}^{87}\text{Sr}{}^{86}\text{Sr}$ ratio of interstitial waters squeezed from recent sediments of the Pacific Ocean increases from 0.70920 ± 0.00017 (2σ) to 0.70960 ± 0.0023 and 0.70984 ± 0.00040 at 1.50 and 1.60 m depth—reference value for sea water: 0.70910 ± 0.00035. This variation underlines the likely existence of exchanges between the clays and the interstitial environment. The isotopic homogenization of strontium between the clays and their environment, result of these changes, becomes thus a credible phenomenon. This is a new argument for the dating of clays by the $\text{Rb}\text{Sr}$ method.     

Systematics in uranium-ionium dating of sediments

The mineral separates of a core have been systematically dated by the Io/Th chronology method. The results show that authigenic minerals, though not always completely authigenic, are suitable for dating.We give some evidence against the hypothesis of Io/²³²Th isotopic equilibrium in marine conditions and suggest that the minerals are mixtures of two components.     

地震环境噪声成像中的地形影响校正

以传统地震环境噪声面波成像方法研究地壳速度结构时,在一些极端的地形条件下,结果与真实结构会存在较大偏差.我们以地震波场三维正演模拟为基础,提出了一种地形校正方法.我们保留了传统噪声面波成像简单的两步反演法,在面波层析成像和一维速度结构反演的基础上,通过地震波场三维模拟近似估计地形和散射波场的影响,并据此校正瑞利波频散曲线,最终反演得到校正地形影响的S波速度结构.理论测试与在实际观测数据上的应用都证明了校正方法的有效性,同时也显示了地形校正的必要性.     

Reliability of K-Ar Dating of Clays and Silicifications Associated with vein Mineralizations in Western Europe

K-Ar ages were determined on fine fractions and one massive silicification associated with vein mineralizations in uranium, barium, fluorine and related base metals in Western Europe. The reliability of the potassic materials analysed, once the mineralogical and geochemical relationships to the low-temperature mineralization have been established, is demonstrated. The isotopic ages are concentrated between nearly 190 and 170 MA. This epoch corresponds to that of the rifting of the future Atlantic and Tethys oceans. This type of low-temperature mineralization thus seems to be better explained by extensional phenomena.