辽宁避暑旅游气候适宜度评价

利用辽宁省59个国家气象站2008-2017年6-8月逐时地面观测资料,综合考虑夏季气候舒适度和高影响天气对避暑旅游的不利影响,确定辽宁避暑旅游气候适宜度评价方法,分析了辽宁避暑旅游适宜度时空分布,为公众及旅游相关部门了解当地避暑旅游气候资源提供参考.研究表明:①辽宁避暑旅游适宜度由西北到东南逐渐增强,59个地市(县)...     

Association of Indian Ocean ITCZ Variations with the Arctic Oscillation during Boreal Winter

In this study,the authors analyzed the associations between the Arctic Oscillation(AO)and the tropical Indian Ocean(TIO)intertropical convergence zone(ITCZ)in boreal winter for the period 1979–2009.A statistically significant AO-TIO ITCZ linkage was found.The ITCZ vertical air motion is significantly associated with the AO,with upward(downward)air motion corresponding to the positive(negative)AO phase.The Arabian Sea anticyclone plays a crucial role in linking the AO and the TIO ITCZ.The Arabian Sea vorticity is strongly linked to high-latitude disturbances in conjunction with jet stream waveguide effects of disturbance trapping and energy dispersion.During positive(negative)AO years,the Arabian Sea anticyclone tends to be stronger(weaker).The mean vorticity over the Arabian Sea,averaged from 850hPa to 200 hPa,has a significant negative correlation with AO(r=0.63).The anomalous anticyclone over the Arabian Sea brings stronger northeastern winds,which enhance the ITCZ after crossing the equator and result in greater-than-normal precipitation and minimum outgoing long-wave radiation.     

海风雷暴的观测分析和数值模拟研究进展

沿海地区经济相对繁荣,城市化水平较高,对天气和气候的依赖性强,突发性强对流天气所造成的灾害也会更加严重;同时沿海地区的强对流天气又与海风环流密切相关,因此沿海地区海风雷暴的研究受到了日益广泛的关注,成为了气象学和大气科学中的重要研究对象。在过去的半个多世纪中,海风雷暴的观测和模拟研究取得了大量的研究成果。本文通过对这些研究工作进行回顾和总结,系统地分析了国内外的研究现状,重点讨论了海风雷暴的结构和特征、发展演变过程、触发机制及其预报预警。最后对海风雷暴未来的研究方向进行了探讨,提出了一些有待于研究或需深入研究的问题,以利于今后更好的开展有关海风雷暴的工作,加深对其发生发展规律的认识,提高预报预警水平。     

利用WRF对兰州冬季大气边界层的数值模拟

本文介绍了WRF中尺度模式的有关概况,分析了模式的物理结构,并利用WRF中尺度模式对河谷城市兰州冬季大气边界层的风场和温度场进行了数值模拟研究。模拟结果与观测事实基本一致,表明WRF模式具有良好的稳定性能。     

Optimizing GPS-guidance transit route for cable crane collision avoidance using artificial immune algorithm

GPS Solutions - A cable crane collision accident usually causes serious damage to workers, equipment and materials. Owing to the emergence of global position system (GPS), some new collision...     

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界碎屑岩相对高渗储集层成因及分布*

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界发育 “粒间孔型石英砂岩”、“溶孔型石英砂岩”、“粒间孔—溶孔复合型长石砂岩”3类相对高渗储集层。结合鄂尔多斯盆地地质背景,分析了该地区上古生界3类相对高渗储集层的岩石结构、组分与物性等基本特征,详细探讨了沉积环境、成岩作用、构造活动对鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界各类相对高渗储集层形成的控制机理,并在此基础上,依据与物源的距离、沉积相类型及砂体分布、孔隙类型、颗粒成分及粒度粗细、杂基成分及含量、储集层最大埋深、后期构造运动等因素,对主力勘探层系山西组二段和下石盒子组八段进行了储集层优劣分级综合评价,认为受高石英含量母岩控制的沉积体系、辫状河高能沉积相带和强溶蚀、弱压实的有利成岩相带分布区是鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界碎屑岩相对高渗储集层的主要发育区域。     

车辆碾压作用下戈壁地表起尘浓度

通过野外观测车辆碾压作用下戈壁地表PM₁₀释放浓度,探讨其主要影响因素。针对戈壁区砾石、砂砾、砂质和砂土4种路面类型,应用TSI粉尘仪多次重复观测车辆碾压产生的PM₁₀浓度,进而阐明碾压次数、车速和地表水分等因素对起尘浓度的影响。结果表明：4种路面的平均起尘浓度依次为5.339、9.089、16.944、50.251 mg·m^-3,是自然状态下的5~50倍;起尘浓度随碾压次数增多而增大,其中砂土路情况下的增长最显著;随土层厚度的增大呈现出幂函数的增长趋势;降雨后路面起尘浓度显著减小,且降雨量会影响降雨后起尘浓度的变化趋势。最后提出了针对性的建议和措施以减弱车辆碾压导致的戈壁地表起尘。     

斜向往复水平荷载作用下矩形截面框架柱抗震性能

通过7根矩形截面钢筋混凝土框架柱试验,研究了不同加载角度时低周往复斜向水平荷载作用下,矩形截面框架柱双向受剪承载力的相关性、滞回曲线特性和延性系数。结果表明,低周往复斜向水平荷载作用下矩形截面框架柱的受剪承载力随加载角度的增大而减小;双向受剪承载力的相关关系可以近似用椭圆方程描述;滞回曲线在形状上与正向水平荷载作用下框架柱的滞回曲线并无明显差异;随着加载角度的增大,框架柱的延性系数有降低的趋势。低周往复斜向水平荷载作用下所有框架柱的破坏均为剪切脆性破坏,应加强其抗震设计。     

An analysis of anomalous weather and climate around the M S=6.2 earthquake of Zhangbei region

Through analysis we found that some mesoscale anomalous regions (10¹–10² km) of meteorological parameters such as the special drought areas, unusual warm areas, the largest snowfall center, low pressure area together with the epicenter area of M _S=6.2 Zhangbei earthquake on January 10, 1998 are located at the same area, i.e. there appears the “Five areas corresponding” phenomenon. Meanwhile, three times of low pressure evolution are generated and develop in the earthquake area in five days after the occurrence of the earthquake. The abnormal variation of the lower limit of frozen soil layer shows indirectly that unusual warm in earthquake areas are related to the upward thermal conduction from the deeper layer of earth surface.     

Free polyamine content during algal bloom succession in the East China Sea in spring 2010

We measured the concentrations and distribution of major polyamines(spermine, putrescine and spermidine) in seawater during successive spring algal blooms in an area of frequent harmful blooms in the East China Sea. Spermine, putrescine, and spermidine concentrations were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and ranged from 1–64, 7–81, and 0–19 nmol/L. Spermine was present at the highest concentrations, followed by putrescine and spermidine. In late April, when a diatom bloom dominated by Skeletonema costatum dispersed, polyamine concentrations increased, presumably as a result of diatom decomposition. In early May, when a dinoflagellate bloom dominated by Prorocentrum donghaiense occurred, the polyamine concentration decreased from the level seen in late April. The abundant polyamines that decomposed and were released during the diatom bloom in late April may have promoted the growth of P. donghaiense, resulting in its dominance.