全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1305篇 |
免费 | 24篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 52篇 |
大气科学 | 62篇 |
地球物理 | 613篇 |
地质学 | 307篇 |
海洋学 | 31篇 |
天文学 | 238篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
自然地理 | 25篇 |
出版年
2018年 | 29篇 |
2017年 | 32篇 |
2016年 | 57篇 |
2015年 | 33篇 |
2014年 | 49篇 |
2013年 | 55篇 |
2012年 | 23篇 |
2011年 | 33篇 |
2010年 | 46篇 |
2009年 | 41篇 |
2008年 | 34篇 |
2007年 | 31篇 |
2006年 | 31篇 |
2005年 | 13篇 |
2004年 | 24篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 30篇 |
2001年 | 26篇 |
2000年 | 22篇 |
1999年 | 15篇 |
1998年 | 19篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 31篇 |
1995年 | 23篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 33篇 |
1992年 | 21篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 25篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 22篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 19篇 |
1984年 | 18篇 |
1983年 | 24篇 |
1982年 | 21篇 |
1981年 | 15篇 |
1980年 | 20篇 |
1979年 | 20篇 |
1978年 | 26篇 |
1977年 | 24篇 |
1976年 | 17篇 |
1975年 | 17篇 |
1974年 | 13篇 |
1973年 | 17篇 |
1972年 | 12篇 |
1971年 | 20篇 |
1970年 | 11篇 |
1969年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有1331条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
121.
122.
Lucie Juřičková Jitka Horáčková Vojen Ložek Michal Horsák 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2013,42(4):932-946
Analyses of fossil mollusc successions have rarely been used to study the development of floodplain forests during the Holocene. The Oh?e River, located in a prehistorically settled chernozem area in the Czech Republic, is partly situated in Cretaceous marlstones, yielding sediments suitable for fossilization directly in floodplain deposits. We analysed five fossil mollusc successions situated in the lower stretch of the Oh?e River and compared the results with recent mollusc assemblages studied along the entire 256 km of the river. Fossil samples were composed mostly of open‐country species throughout the Holocene or the whole preserved succession. Only some samples also contained woodland assemblages, but these were always greatly impoverished, with a very low frequency of strictly woodland species. Although the natural‐looking appearance of the present‐day floodplain forests of the lower river stretch has resulted in its being declared a nature reserve, modern floodplain forest mollusc assemblages there are also impoverished. This reduction in the distribution of strictly woodland species compared with modern assemblages in the upper stretch of the river seems to be the result of an ancient human settlement and continuous disturbances of the floodplain forest development since the Neolithic. Thus, fully developed floodplain forest assemblages occur recently only in the upper non‐impacted stretch of the river. Based on the studied fossil successions we can conclude that the lower Oh?e River floodplain was probably a mosaic of open and disturbed forest habitats throughout the Holocene. This area is part of a central European landscape island, where forests probably never fully developed and open patches from the early Holocene continually developed into an agricultural landscape. 相似文献
123.
Incorporation of void ratio as a state variable into constitutive models allows, in principle, to use a single set of parameters for soils with different OCRs. Two sets of experimental data on reconstituted clays are used for evaluation of three constitutive models of different complexity (Modified Cam clay model, 3SKH model, hypoplastic model for clays). Although all the models predict the influence of OCR correctly from the qualitative point of view, quantitative comparison using a suitable scalar error measure reveals merits and shortcomings of different models. 相似文献
124.
The hydraulic behaviour of the karst aquifer in the Hubelj spring catchment area (SW Slovenia) was studied by using an indirect
research method based on natural tracers. The variations of natural tracers (in precipitation and in groundwater) during the
storm event made possible the separation of the Hubelj spring storm hydrograph by the three-component separation technique.
The results produced information on the aquifer recharge, storage and discharge processes, as well as on the mechanisms that
affected them. They verified the so-called epikarst hypothesis presuming that an important part of a karst aquifer recharge
reaches rapidly and intensively from the epikarst zone. It was demonstrated that epikarst water could occupy up to 50% of
the spring discharge during precipitation events. This phenomenon could have important consequences on protection and management
of the problems of karst aquifers, including engineering problems in karst areas. With this respect the results could give
way to new engineering ideas. 相似文献
125.
L. Vočadlo K. S. Knight G. D. Price I. G. Wood 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2002,29(2):132-139
The thermal expansion and crystal structure of FeSi has been determined by neutron powder diffraction between 4 and 1173?K. No evidence was seen of any structural or magnetic transitions at low temperatures. The average volumetric thermal expansion coefficient above room temperature was found to be 4.85(5)?×?10?5?K?1. The cell volume was fitted over the complete temperature range using Grüneisen approximations to the zero pressure equation of state, with the internal energy calculated via a Debye model; a Grüneisen second-order approximation gave the following parameters: θD=445(11)?K, V 0=89.596(8)?Å3, K 0′=4.4(4) and γ′=2.33(3), where θD is the Debye temperature, V 0 is V at T=0?K, K 0′ is the first derivative with respect to pressure of the incompressibility and γ′ is a Grüneisen parameter. The thermodynamic Grüneisen parameter, γth, has been calculated from experimental data in the range 4–400?K. The crystal structure was found to be almost invariant with temperature. The thermal vibrations of the Fe atoms are almost isotropic at all temperatures; those of the Si atoms become more anisotropic as the temperature increases. 相似文献
126.
127.
B. Balabanova T. Stafilov R. Šajn K. Bačeva 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2014,11(2):517-528
Different sampling media (moss, lichen and attic dust) were used for monitoring the distribution of 15 elements, including certain trace elements, in the vicinity of an intensively exploited copper mine in the east of the Republic of Macedonia. Moss species (Hypnum cupressiforme and Campothecium lutescens), epiphytic lichens (Hypogymnia physodes and Evernia prunastri) and attic dust were collected for comparative analysis for monitoring air pollution. In both cases (lithological and anthropogenic affected areas) for the distribution of elements, the sampling media follows the expression capabilities: attic dust > moss > lichens. Enrichment factors M/L—moss vs. lichen, for plant response to elements distribution and D/L—attic dust vs. lichen, for historical response of elements distribution were significant for Cu and Ni, which were singled out as the main markers for anthropogenic and geogenic distribution. The factor analysis highlighted geogenic (F1: Ni-Cr-Cd-Fe-Al-K-Mn-Zn) and anthropogenic (F2: As-Cu-Pb) association of elements from three types of media samples. For anthropogenic affected areas, T value and F value for Cu content were significant at p < 0.05 and higher enrichment factors were obtained for lichen, moss and attic dust media (3.8, 5.0 and 5.7, respectively). Spatial distribution for element deposition (with emphasis on Cu and Ni) is not disturbed by the significant differences in the sampling media matrix. Treated sample materials (attic dust, moss, lichen) are shown to be useful in determining an anthropogenic impact, as well as the chemical properties or geological background on orographic diverse terrain in the presence of complex geological structure. 相似文献
128.
Summary The stability of any underground structure during and after excavation is the most important question for designers, because any kind of collapse may destroy large parts of a finished tunnel, causing major repairs and time loss. Preliminary calculations are therefore of great importance. A calculation is only useful, however, when the underlying numerical model correctly describes natural behaviour. The rock bolts used in tunnel excavations are mostly untensioned grouted bolts, and this type of bolt is the main focus of this work. From the model of the grouted bolt, other types of rock bolts can also be modelled by the theory presented herein. Bolt behaviour in intact rock mass is so different from behaviour when a bolt intersects a joint, that a model with two different elements is suggested for a numerical calculation; one element for the bolt in the rock mass and one as a bolt intersecting with a joint.The model for both elements is verified by the experimental results. The numerical results correspond favourably with the experimental work. A variation of the parameters important for the behaviour of the bolt in intersection with the joint is shown. As an implementation of the bolt model, the numerical simulation of excavation and stabilisation of one road tunnel is presented. 相似文献
129.
130.