地震事件新媒体矩阵传播特征分析

政务新媒体是解决政府信息公开、应对舆情和提升服务能力的一把金钥匙,建立媒体矩阵是提升地震系统新媒体整体覆盖力、传播力、影响力、公信力的有益尝试,是解决地震事件应对过程中信息快速发布、快速辟谣的有效方式。作者通过对地震事件新媒体矩阵现状、发展特征、存在问题进行分析,提出发展趋势判断及建议。     

滇缅活动地块构造应力场研究

本文收集了1976—2017年滇缅活动地块98个M_W 4.8—7.0地震的震源机制解,分析震源机制解和震源深度的空间分布特征,探讨了其构造动力学背景。结果表明:①滇缅活动地块震源深度优势分布范围为10—30km,90%以上的地震震源深度小于30km,结合研究区统计时段内地震震源深度、优势度、众数等参数,推断滇缅活动地块及周边震源深度的下界为30km,脆性多震层位于10—30km,且主要位于15km附近;②滇缅活动块体不同断裂带、块体内部各次级块体之间、块体内外表现出不同的震源机制解,在空间上存在着明显的分区性特征,揭示出位于青藏高原东南缘的滇缅活动块体及周边地区应力场的非均匀性;③滇缅活动地块区域构造应力场明显受周边板块作用的控制,活动地块内部由于构造格局及其运动的差异,应力状态具有明显的区域特征。根据研究区各主要断裂带所反映的与构造背景作用一致的震源机制分布特征,可以将滇缅活动地块初步分为3个应力区。     

Assessing sub-daily rainstorm variability and its effects on flood processes in the Yangtze River Delta region

ABSTRACT

Taking a representative catchment of the Yangtze River Delta region as the study area, this research evaluated sub-daily rainstorm variability and its potential effects on flood processes based on an integrated approach of the HEC-HMS model and design storm hyetographs. The results show that the intensities of rainfall on sub-daily scale are getting more extreme. The annual maximum 1-, 2- and 3-hour rainstorms followed significant upward trends with increases of 0.32, 0.43 and 0.44 mm per year, respectively, while the annual maximum 6-, 12- and 24-h events had non-significant rising trends. The detected significant trends in short-duration rainstorms were then used to redesign storm hyetographs to drive the HEC-HMS model, the results show that these changes in short-duration rainstorm characteristics would increase the flood peak discharge and flood volume. These findings indicate that regional flood control capabilities must be improved to manage the adverse impacts of rainfall variation under changing environments.     

基于Docker的射电干涉阵软件系统敏捷封装与部署

随着天文技术的发展,天文数据处理软件的需求也不断更迭变化,导致软件运行环境渐趋复杂。对于开发者和使用者,急需提出一种对复杂天文数据处理软件敏捷化封装和部署的方法。我国明安图射电频谱日像仪已进入常规观测,与之配套的数据处理软件也已完成开发并投入使用。由于该软件的部署涉及操作系统环境、图形处理器运行环境及底层依赖软件等配置问题,导致安装过程既繁琐又容易出错。结合容器技术的特点,提出了一种基于Docker容器对日像仪软件系统进行敏捷封装与部署的方法,并对该方法的设计进行介绍,通过实验验证了其可用性,以及相比于传统虚拟机可获得较优异的性能表现。该方法可为未来天文数据处理软件的封装部署提供参考。可以预见,未来容器技术将成为天文海量数据处理的基础支撑技术。     

拼接镜面主动控制系统的定标

对拼接主镜进行主动控制是拼接镜技术的难点之一,8 m环形拼接太阳望远镜主动光学的控制性能主要取决于倾斜探测的精度与控制模型建立的准确程度。在研制主动控制系统时,需要对倾斜探测精度定标以及建立较为准确的控制模型,即对主动控制系统定标。实验系统中搭建了用于实时探测拼接子镜倾斜的夏克-哈特曼波前传感器,并对其重复测量精度进行了定标,精度达到0.014 arcsec,接近8 m环形太阳望远镜面形控制的要求。然后利用边缘传感器和夏克-哈特曼波前传感器测量了两镜主动控制系统的控制矩阵,建立较为准确的控制模型。     

火星轨道器次表层探测雷达数据处理技术与现状研究

火星是人类重要的地外天体探测目标之一,对火星表面进行的探测和研究表明,火星表面曾经存在液态水,水是生命存在的基础,因此,在次表层寻找不同形式的水是目前火星探测的重要科学目标之一.近17年来,欧洲火星快车(Mars Express)上搭载的火星次表层和电离层探测先进雷达(Mars Advanced Radar for S...     

The Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parameterization Schemes (PILPS) phase 2(c) Red-Arkansas River basin experiment:: 2. Spatial and temporal analysis of energy fluxes

The energy components of sixteen Soil-Vegetation Atmospheric Transfer (SVAT) schemes were analyzed and intercompared using 10 years of surface meteorological and radiative forcing data from the Red-Arkansas River basin in the Southern Great Plains of the United States. Comparisons of simulated surface energy fluxes among models showed that the net radiation and surface temperature generally had the best agreement among the schemes. On an average (annual and monthly) basis, the estimated latent heat fluxes agreed (to within approximate estimation errors) with the latent heat fluxes derived from a radiosonde-based atmospheric budget method for slightly more than half of the schemes. The sensible heat fluxes had larger differences among the schemes than did the latent heat fluxes, and the model-simulated ground heat fluxes had large variations among the schemes. The spatial patterns of the model-computed net radiation and surface temperature were generally similar among the schemes, and appear reasonable and consistent with observations of related variables, such as surface air temperature. The spatial mean patterns of latent and sensible heat fluxes were less similar than for net radiation, and the spatial patterns of the ground heat flux vary greatly among the 16 schemes. Generally, there is less similarity among the models in the temporal (interannual) variability of surface fluxes and temperature than there is in the mean fields, even for schemes with similar mean fields.     

Adsorption Behavior and Mechanism of Environmental Pollutants on Graphene Oxide

Graphene oxide, as an emerging material for contaminants removal,possesses relatively large specific surface area, and it shows good dispersion in water phase due to the hydrophilicessence resulted from abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on the edge, thus leading to a potential excellent adsorbent. Current studies revealthat, because graphene oxide is negatively-charged in a wide range of pHs, the removal efficiency of heavy metals and cationic dyes by graphene oxide is significantly higher than by traditional adsorbents, like activated carbon. However, its applications are still limited due to its structural defects. For example, its π domain is destructed during fabrication process. Therefore, certain structural modifications need to be conducted on the purpose of improving its performance, achieving a better result in water purification. This paper presented the preparation and structure of graphene oxide, and reviewed the adsorption behaviors, adsorption mechanisms, adsorption models and influence factors of heavy metals and organic pollutants on graphene oxide and its composites, respectively. In view of unresolved issues, further research should focus on comprehensive adsorption mechanisms, more facile and effectivemethods for structural modifications and the treatment of graphene oxide after adsorption process.     

多卜勒天气雷达PPI上0℃层亮带模式识别系统

系统对ＰＰＩ数字回波资料径图象预处理，特征提取后，采用三级识别方式对是否存在０℃层亮带进行自动判别。试验表明，准确率很高。