全文获取类型
收费全文 | 556篇 |
免费 | 26篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 18篇 |
大气科学 | 67篇 |
地球物理 | 132篇 |
地质学 | 244篇 |
海洋学 | 52篇 |
天文学 | 63篇 |
自然地理 | 14篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 10篇 |
2021年 | 23篇 |
2020年 | 15篇 |
2019年 | 13篇 |
2018年 | 34篇 |
2017年 | 25篇 |
2016年 | 37篇 |
2015年 | 17篇 |
2014年 | 28篇 |
2013年 | 29篇 |
2012年 | 35篇 |
2011年 | 36篇 |
2010年 | 26篇 |
2009年 | 34篇 |
2008年 | 25篇 |
2007年 | 19篇 |
2006年 | 27篇 |
2005年 | 21篇 |
2004年 | 14篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 24篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有590条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
由卫星和航空磁测成果推断中国岩石圈的磁性特征 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:11
根据前人所得卫星和航磁异常解释结果,作者的综合研究表明:(1)在塔里木、四川和松辽盒地,地壳呈强磁性,至少可分为两层,上层磁化强度为1A/m,下层为2A/m或更强一些。在上述盆地中央,地幔顶部约10km厚,也是强磁性的,此外,在南中国海,地壳和地幔顶部也是强磁性的,卫星磁异常的源位于上述部位。(2)西藏高原,中国东南沿海一带以及其他一些褶皱带之下,地壳是弱磁性的,磁性层在地表以下30km以内,磁化强度约0.66A/m。特别要指出的是,在东南沿海一带,磁性层底面和莫霍面重合,而居里等温面恰在莫霍面之下,因此这个带可能是Wasilewsky PJ等提出的“莫霍面是一个磁性界面”的一例。 相似文献
12.
Dave A.Yuen Benjamin J. Kadlec Evan F. Bollig Witold Dzwinel Zachary A. Garbow Cesar R. S. da Silva 《Visual Geosciences》2005,10(1):1-12
We present a web client-server service WEB-IS, which we have developed for remote analysis and visualization of seismic data consisting of both small magnitude events and large earthquakes. We show that the problem-solving environment (PSE) intended for prediction of large magnitude earthquakes can be based on this WEB-IS idea. The clustering schemes, feature generation, feature extraction techniques and rendering algorithms form a computational framework of this environment. On the other hand, easy and fast access both to the seismic data distributed among distant computing resources and to computational and visualization resources can be realized in a GRID framework. We discuss the usefulness of NaradaBrokering (iNtegrated Asynchronous Real-time Adaptive Distributed Architecture) as a middleware, allowing for flexibility and high throughput for remote visualization of geophysical data. The WEB-IS functionality was tested both on synthetic and the actual earthquake catalogs. We consider the application of similar methodology for tsunami alerts. 相似文献
13.
Throughfall patterns in sugarcane and riparian forest: understanding the effect of sugarcane age and land use conversion
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《水文研究》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Robson Willians da Costa Silva Luiz Felippe Salemi Rafael Pires Fernandes Tatiana Morgan Berteli de Andrade Jorge Marcos de Moraes Plínio Barbosa de Camargo Luiz Antonio Martinelli 《水文研究》2016,30(15):2579-2589
Sugarcane is an annual crop with a dynamic canopy that changes over time mainly because of genetic adaptation. There is uncertainty about the temporal trends of throughfall (TF) in this important commercial crop. In the present paper, we used troughs to measure TF in a third and fourth ratoon and subsequently in a fourth and fifth ratoon. Additional measurements were carried out in an adjacent riparian forest. There were no significant differences between cycles of sugarcane, growth phases and riparian forest. The TF results for ratoon crop and riparian forest in 2011/2012 were 76% and 79.5% of gross rainfall, respectively, while in 2012/2013, they were 79% and 78%, respectively. However, TF was remarkably lower in the riparian forest relative to ratoon from the second half of the culm formation and elongation phase (280 days after harvest) until harvest. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
Scott Raulerson C. Rhett Jackson Nathan D. Melear Seth E. Younger Maura Dudley Katherine J. Elliott 《水文研究》2020,34(14):3045-3060
Dense understory thickets of the native evergreen shrub Rhododendron maximum expanded initially following elimination of American chestnut by the chestnut blight, and later in response to loss of the eastern hemlock due to hemlock woolly adelgid invasion. Rhododendron thickets often blanket streams and their riparian zones, creating cool, low-light microclimates. To determine the effect of such understory thickets on summer stream temperatures, we removed riparian rhododendron understory on 300 m reaches of two southern Appalachian Mountain headwater streams, while leaving two 300 m reference reaches undisturbed. Overhead canopy was left intact in all four streams, but all streams were selected to have a significant component of dead or dying eastern hemlock in the overstory, creating time-varying canopy gaps throughout the reach. We continuously monitored temperatures upstream, within and downstream of treatment and reference reaches. Temperatures were monitored in all four streams in the summer before treatments were imposed (2014), and for two summers following treatment (2015, 2016). Temperatures varied significantly across and within streams prior to treatment and across years for the reference streams. After rhododendron removal, increases in summer stream temperatures were observed at some locations within the treatment reaches, but these increases did not persist downstream and varied by watershed, sensor, and year. Significant increases in daily maxima in treatment reaches ranged from 0.9 to 2.6°C. Overhead canopy provided enough shade to prevent rhododendron removal from increasing summer temperatures to levels deleterious to native cold-water fauna (average summer temperatures remained below 16°C), and local temperature effects were not persistent. 相似文献
15.
José Tasso Felix Guimarães Prafulla Kumar Sahoo Mariana Maha Jana Costa De Figueiredo Karen da Silva Lopes Markus Gastauer Silvio Junio Ramos Cecilio Frois Caldeira Pedro Walfir M. Souza-Filho Luiza Santos Reis Marcio Sousa Da Silva Paulo Rogenes Pontes Renato Oliveira Da Silva Junior Tarcísio Magevski Rodrigues 《第四纪科学杂志》2021,36(2):255-272
This study addresses paleoclimate influences in a southern Amazonia ecotone based on multiproxy records from lakes of the Carajás region during the last 45k cal a bp. Wet and cool environmental conditions marked the initial deposition in shallow depressions with detrital sediments and high weathering rates until 40k cal a bp. Concomitantly, forest and C3 canga plants, along with cool-adapted taxa, developed; however, short drier episodes enabled expansion of C4 plants and diagenetic formation of siderite. A massive event of siderite formation occurred approximately 30k cal a bp under strong drier conditions. Afterwards, wet and cool environmental conditions returned and persisted until the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The LGM was marked by lake-level lowstands and subaerial exposure. The transition from the LGM to the Holocene is marked by the onset of oscillations in temperature and humidity, with an expansion of forest and canga plants. Cool taxa were present for the last time in the Carajás region ~ 9.5–9k cal a bp. After 10k cal a bp , shallow lakes became upland swamps due to natural infilling processes, but the current vegetation types and structures of the plateaus were acquired only after 3k cal a bp under wetter climatic conditions. 相似文献
16.
Giovanni?Pugliano Umberto?RobustelliEmail authorView authors OrcID profile Fabio?Rossi Raffaele?Santamaria 《GPS Solutions》2016,20(3):499-508
Multipath remains one of the major challenges in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning because it is considered the dominant source of ranging errors, which can be classified into specular and diffuse types. We present a new method using wavelets to extract the pseudorange multipath in the time domain and breaking it down into the two components. The main idea is an analysis-reconstruction approach based on application of both continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The proposed procedure involves the use of L1 code-minus-carrier (CMC) observable where higher-frequency terms are isolated as residuals. CMC residuals are analyzed by applying the CWT, and we propose the scalogram as a technique for discerning time–frequency variations of the multipath signal. Unlike Fourier transform, the potential of the CWT scalogram for examining the non-stationary and multifrequency nature of the multipath is confirmed as it simultaneously allows fine detection and time localization of the most representative frequencies of the signal. This interpretation of the CWT scalogram is relevant when choosing the levels of reconstruction with DWT, allowing accurate time domain extraction of both the specular and diffuse multipath. The performance and robustness of the method and its boundary applicability are assessed. The experiment was carried out using a receiver of Campania GNSS Network. The results are given in which specular multipath error is achieved using DWT level 7 approximation component and diffuse multipath error is achieved using DWT level 6 denoised detail component. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
Kun?Wang Christina?Yan?WangEmail author Zhong-Yuan?RenEmail author 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2018,173(7):59
The ~?2-km-thick Panzhihua gabbroic-layered intrusion in SW China is unusual because it hosts a giant Fe–Ti oxide deposit in its lower zone. The deposit consists of laterally extensive net-textured and massive Fe–Ti oxide ore layers, the thickest of which is ~?60 m. To examine the magmatic processes that resulted in the Fe enrichment of parental high-Ti basaltic magma and the formation of thick, Fe–Ti oxide ore layers, we carried out a detailed study of melt inclusions in apatite from a ~?500-m-thick profile of apatite-bearing leucogabbro in the middle zone of the intrusion. The apatite-hosted melt inclusions are light to dark brown in color and appear as polygonal, rounded, oval and negative crystal shapes, which range from ~?5 to ~?50 µm in width and from ~?5 to ~?100 µm in length. They have highly variable compositions and show a large and continuous range of SiO2 and FeOt with contrasting end-members; one end-member being Fe-rich and Si-poor (40.2 wt% FeOt and 17.7 wt% SiO2) and the other being Si-rich and Fe-poor (74.0 wt% SiO2 and 1.20 wt% FeOt). This range in composition may be attributed to entrapment of the melt inclusions over a range of temperature and may reflect the presence of µm-scale and immiscible Fe-rich and Si-rich components in different proportions. Simulating results for the motion of Si-rich droplets within a crystal mush indicate that Si-rich droplets would be separated from Fe-rich melt and migrate upward due to density differences in the interstitial liquid when the magma unmixed. Migration of the Si-rich, immiscible liquid component from the interstitial liquid caused the remaining Fe-rich melt in the lower part to react with plagioclase primocrysts (An59–60), as evidenced by fine-grained lamellar intergrowth of An-rich plagioclase (An79–84)?+?clinopyroxene in the oxide gabbro of the lower zone. Therefore, magma unmixing within a crystal mush, combined with gravitationally driven loss of the Si-rich component, resulted in the formation of Fe-rich, melagabbro and major Fe–Ti oxide ores in the lower part and Si-rich, leucogabbro in the upper part of the intrusion. 相似文献
20.
Aude?ValadeEmail authorView authors OrcID profile Sebastiaan?Luyssaert Patrick?Vallet Sylvestre?Njakou Djomo Ingride?Jesus Van Der Kellen Valentin?Bellassen 《Carbon balance and management》2018,13(1):26