大兴安岭南段海西期花岗岩类锆石U-Pb年龄、元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学:岩石成因及构造意义

大兴安岭南段位于华北板块与西伯利亚板块之间的缝合-造山带(中亚造山带)的东段,该区广泛分布有海西期花岗岩类。已有的年代学研究表明这些花岗岩类的侵位时代集中于320~240Ma,但对该区海西期花岗岩类岩石成因及成岩背景研究的一些关键问题的看法仍不一致且存在争论。本文选取大兴安岭南段拜仁达坝等10个典型地区的海西期花岗岩类为研究对象,对其进行系统的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学研究,以探讨岩浆作用的时间、岩石成因以及构造意义。锆石U-Pb定年表明,这些花岗岩类的侵位时间为323~240Ma。据地球化学特征,该区花岗岩类可分为两类:Ⅰ类花岗岩的SiO_262.00%,Al_2O_315.00%,MgO含量较低(均2.40%);其具有较高的Sr含量(最高达700×10~(-6))、低的Y和Yb含量(分别为≤18.1×10~(-6)和1.70×10~(-6))和较高的Sr/Y比值(均20),LREE相对HREE强烈富集,显示弱的Eu异常,与经典的埃达克岩的特征相似;Ⅱ类花岗岩的SiO_257.00%,MgO和Al2O3含量范围较大(分别为0.25%~4.12%和10.55%~16.58%),绝大多数样品显示高钾钙碱性特征,Sr含量相对较低(12.2×10~(-6)~334×10~(-6)),Y和Yb含量相对较高(分别为14.1×10~(-6)~40.1×10~(-6)和1.27×10~(-6)~4.58×10~(-6)),Eu异常明显,相对富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ti、P等高场强元素,可归为弧岩浆岩。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素结果表明,弧岩浆岩可能来源于交代(富集)地幔楔,而埃达克岩则来源于下地壳的熔融。综合前人研究认为,在晚泥盆世-中二叠世古亚洲洋洋内俯冲作用形成了区域上广泛发育的弧岩浆岩(弧下加厚地壳熔融形成~320Ma埃达克岩);晚二叠世-早三叠世,华北板块与西伯利亚板块碰撞缝合;之后至早-中三叠世,大量后碰撞花岗岩侵位,同时下地壳拆沉并熔融形成了本区250~240Ma埃达克岩。中亚造山带东段(至少大兴安岭地区)海西期造山及岩浆作用可能开始于晚泥盆世,结束于中三叠世,时间持续约140Myr,其造山作用显示独特性。     

Travel Behaviours of Sharing Bicycles in the Central Urban Area Based on Geographically Weighted Regression: The Case of Guangzhou,China

Mobile information and communication technologies(MICTs) have fully penetrated everyday life in smart societies;this has greatly compressed time, space, and distance, and consequently, reshaped residents’ travel behaviour patterns. As a new mode of shared mobility, the sharing bicycle offers a variety of options for the daily travel of urban residents. Extant studies have mainly examined the travel characteristics and influencing factors of public bicycles with piles, while the travel patterns for sharing bicycles and their driving mechanisms have been largely ignored. Using one week’s travel data for Mobike, this study investigated the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of sharing bicycle travel behaviours in the central urban area of Guangzhou, China;furthermore, it identified the influences of built environment density factors on sharing bicycle travel behaviours based on the geographically weighted regression method. Obvious morning and evening peaks were observed in the sharing bicycle travel patterns for both weekdays and weekends. The old urban area, which had a high degree of mixed function, dense road networks, and cycling-friendly built environments, was the main travel area that attracted sharing bicycles on both weekdays and weekends. Furthermore, factors including the point of interest(POI) for the density of public transport stations, the functional mixing degree, and the density of residential POIs significantly affected residents’ travel behaviours. These findings could enrich discourse regarding shared mobility with a Chinese case characterised by rapidly developing MICTs and also provide references to local authorities for improving slow traffic environments.     

桐柏-大别造山带剪切带阵列的构造岩研究

桐柏—大别造山带剪切带阵列经受长期的应变软化、应变局部化和变形分解作用,形成了一系列构造岩,包括糜棱岩、变晶糜棱岩、半塑性糜棱岩和面理化碎裂岩等。糜棱岩普遍具二相糜棱结构或由相连的弱相基质或层分离强相残斑或布丁所形成的IWL(Interconnected weak matrix or layers)结构。构造岩中显微构造各式各样,并具一定的组合形式和演化规律,反映了不同环境下主导变形机制的多样性及变形机制间转换的规律性。代表性剪切带岩石化学成分变异的研究表明,除流体流动外,体积亏损是造成某些组分,尤其是一些不活动组分,如钛、磷、锆、钒、钇等相对富集的主导因素,并由化学成分的变异和质量平衡计算,求出了该剪切带的体积亏损率以及流体/岩石值。较大的体积亏损和大量渗透体的存在,对剪切带的化学行为和流变行为都有着重要的影响作用。     

碰撞造山过程中热—构造状态演化与陆壳岩石熔融的关系

碰撞造山作用过程中陆壳岩石熔融形成花岗岩浆主要出现在加热期和伸展抬升期，是碰撞后岩石圈热状态调整引起陆壳物质化学分异的结果。陆壳碰撞前的构造历史，大陆岩石圈的热参数和地幔过程，造山带的几何学特征和运动学性质等制约了造山带花岗岩类的发育，尤其是与各种造成地幔高热流叠加于下部地壳的岩石调整过程关系密切。     

桐柏-大别地区中温热液金矿床同位素地球化学特征

本文收集整理了桐柏一大别地区与中温热液金矿床有关的氢、氧、硫、铅同位素组成数据.分析整理结果表明,成矿流体和成矿元素及硫可能来自不同的源区.流体主要为大气降水,成矿元素和硫主要来自流体下渗及回返过程中流经的各类岩石.成矿流体的这种性质对于造山带内带及两侧金矿化的产出规模具有相当程度的影响.     

Characteristics of algal blooms in the southern coastal waters of Korea

We have investigated the characteristics of algal blooms in relation to the marine environment since their first known occurrence in the southern coastal waters of Korea. The algal blooms occurred most frequently in Masan and Jinahe bays, suggesting that they were related to the development of anoxic water masses. Skeletonema costatum, Heterosigma akashiwo and Prorocentrum sp. commonly occurred as the dominant organisms causing the blooms in all regions, although the conditions of their appearance differed from place to place. Algal blooms in all regions were more likely to occur when precipitation ten days prior to the bloom was greater than the long-term mean values. However, the factors that relate to the development of the algal blooms in Gamak Bay differed depending upon the causative species while they were largely identical in Jinhae Bay, regardless of the species.     

滇中大红山岩群变质火山岩类的原岩性质和构造属性

大红山岩群中的变质火山岩类经在了区域性的海水蚀变和区域变质的改造,其岩石学特征和化学成分都发生了较大的变化,不活动组分的研究显示,其原岩主查拉斑玄武岩类,且具有形成于洋中脊环境的地球化学特征,可能属于Ｔ型地幔源区的洋中脊玄武岩（ＭＯＲＢ）大红山式Ｃｕ－Ｆｅ矿床具有富洋壳成矿元素特性,与所识别的变质火山岩类的原岩和形成的大地构造背景是一致的。