Geochronologic Constraints on the Magmatic Underplating of the Gangdisê Belt in the India-Eurasia Collision: Evidence of SHRIMP II Zircon U-Pb Dating

1 Introduction Mo et al. (2005) determined that magma mixing and mingling took place extensively in the Gangdisê magmatic belt around 50 Ma, and argued that magma mixing was genetically related to underplating of mantle-derived magmas beneath that belt. Underplating, as one of the major mechanisms for crustal growth, can occur in the environments of convergent plate boundaries, subduction and collision zones, and in intra-plate settings such as continental flood basalt provinces (Wilson, 19…     

鲁山太华群麻粒岩相岩石形成的地球化学限制

鲁山太华群麻粒岩相岩石形成的地球化学限制徐启东，高山，刘庆生（中国地质大学，武汉４３００７４）主题词麻粒岩相岩石，ＬＩＬ元素亏损，下地壳太华群提要河南鲁山太古宙高级区表壳岩中的麻粒岩相岩石及相关的角闪岩相岩石与世界其它地区麻粒岩相岩石相比并没有明显的...     

变质岩流体包裹体研究的几个基本问题综述

变质岩中流体包裹体研究主要能够获得变质地体从变质峰期至退变质出露地表期间参与了一系列构造一热事件流体的成分和主要物理化学参数的部分信息。由于变质作用本身的特殊性和具长期的演化时限，研究富流体环境中形成的流体包裹体所得到的许多成因认识不能照搬。多侧面地评估流体包裹体捕获后的改造效应对流体包裹体成分和体积的影响程度，全面测试获得完整的流体包裹体数据，并与其它相关但独立取得的流体成分与性质的资料互相限制，才能正确地阐述具体流体包裹体资料的岩石学含义。     

国外陆壳岩石缺乏流体熔融实验和模拟的主要成果

近20年来人们越来越认识到,陆壳岩石缺乏流体熔融(fluid-absent melting)是花岗岩类岩石形成的重要机制。近10年来国外有关花岗岩类的实验模拟大多集中于研究在大陆中下部地壳深度内,主要陆壳岩石类型发生缺乏流体熔融所涉及的熔融反应类型、反应形成的熔融数量及有利条件等问题。综述了实验模拟研究的主要成果和对花岗岩类研究提供的某些限制和意义。强调对具体地区花岗岩类的成因研究要充分考虑不同源岩缺乏流体熔融可能产生的熔体数量、区域
岩石圈物质和能量调整能否导致高热状态的限制等因素。     

大兴安岭南段海西期花岗岩类锆石U-Pb年龄、元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学:岩石成因及构造意义

大兴安岭南段位于华北板块与西伯利亚板块之间的缝合-造山带(中亚造山带)的东段,该区广泛分布有海西期花岗岩类。已有的年代学研究表明这些花岗岩类的侵位时代集中于320~240Ma,但对该区海西期花岗岩类岩石成因及成岩背景研究的一些关键问题的看法仍不一致且存在争论。本文选取大兴安岭南段拜仁达坝等10个典型地区的海西期花岗岩类为研究对象,对其进行系统的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学研究,以探讨岩浆作用的时间、岩石成因以及构造意义。锆石U-Pb定年表明,这些花岗岩类的侵位时间为323~240Ma。据地球化学特征,该区花岗岩类可分为两类:Ⅰ类花岗岩的SiO_262.00%,Al_2O_315.00%,MgO含量较低(均2.40%);其具有较高的Sr含量(最高达700×10~(-6))、低的Y和Yb含量(分别为≤18.1×10~(-6)和1.70×10~(-6))和较高的Sr/Y比值(均20),LREE相对HREE强烈富集,显示弱的Eu异常,与经典的埃达克岩的特征相似;Ⅱ类花岗岩的SiO_257.00%,MgO和Al2O3含量范围较大(分别为0.25%~4.12%和10.55%~16.58%),绝大多数样品显示高钾钙碱性特征,Sr含量相对较低(12.2×10~(-6)~334×10~(-6)),Y和Yb含量相对较高(分别为14.1×10~(-6)~40.1×10~(-6)和1.27×10~(-6)~4.58×10~(-6)),Eu异常明显,相对富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ti、P等高场强元素,可归为弧岩浆岩。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素结果表明,弧岩浆岩可能来源于交代(富集)地幔楔,而埃达克岩则来源于下地壳的熔融。综合前人研究认为,在晚泥盆世-中二叠世古亚洲洋洋内俯冲作用形成了区域上广泛发育的弧岩浆岩(弧下加厚地壳熔融形成~320Ma埃达克岩);晚二叠世-早三叠世,华北板块与西伯利亚板块碰撞缝合;之后至早-中三叠世,大量后碰撞花岗岩侵位,同时下地壳拆沉并熔融形成了本区250~240Ma埃达克岩。中亚造山带东段(至少大兴安岭地区)海西期造山及岩浆作用可能开始于晚泥盆世,结束于中三叠世,时间持续约140Myr,其造山作用显示独特性。     

云南兰坪北部铜多金属矿化区成矿流体流动与矿化分带

通过研究白秧坪、富隆厂、吴底厂、麻栗坪、金满、科登涧等矿床和矿点的矿化脉体中黝铜矿等矿物的铅同位素组成及黝铜矿和白云石的特征元素组成，进一步探讨了成矿流体与矿化分带的关系。结果表明，黝铜矿中Cu分别与As、Sb之间的正、负相关性，白云石中Sr含量与矿床之间相对距离间正相关关系，指示成矿流体由西向东流动；矿石与盆地的中新生界沉积岩系的铅同位素组成相似。不同矿化部位矿石的铅同位素组成与逆冲推覆构造断裂主要围岩铅同位素组成之间的对应关系指示，金属组分可能主要源自盆地中的中新生界沉积岩系，成矿流体与不同围岩之间的相互作用是造成不同部位矿石铅同位素组成不同的主要原因之一。成矿流体的形成、流动和沉淀源自和发生在该区地壳浅部范围。喜马拉雅期青藏高原的隆升，造成了盆地地形西高东低，有利于形成水力梯度，驱动流体由西向东流动。流体以逆冲推覆构造断裂系统作为通道流动，有效地在更大范围内、长期或周期性地从所流经的各种岩石中萃取和迁移金属组分到合适部位富集。     

Increased toxicity of benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol in the presence of polychlorobiphenylols

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) often co-exist in contaminated environments. Polychlorobiphenylols (OH-PCBs), formed by CYP-dependent monooxygenation of PCBs, are potent inhibitors of the glucuronidation of hydroxylated BaP metabolites. We hypothesized that OH-PCBs could drive the biotransformation of (-)BaP-7,8-dihydrodiol (BaP-7, 8-D) away from detoxication and towards formation of the reactive metabolite. A mixture of five OH-PCBs with 4-6 Cl atoms was infused into isolated, perfused, biliary intact livers (n=3 fish) removed from 3-methylcholanthrene-induced channel catfish. Controls (n=3) were infused with vehicle. Subsequently, [3H]-BaP-7, 8-D was infused into each liver and bile was collected for 1 h. The livers were taken for analysis of metabolites and DNA adducts. Induction status was confirmed by EROD assay. Bile was analyzed for metabolites. It was found that preinfusion of the mixture of OH-PCBs reduced the extent of glucuronidation of BaP-7, 8-D and increased the formation of DNA adducts 5-fold over controls. GSH conjugates, tetrols and triols were increased in the OH-PCB-infused fish, providing further support for our hypothesis that if the glucuronidation were inhibited, CYP-dependent activation would increase. These studies suggest a mechanism for synergy of toxicity of PAH and PCBs.     

Travel Behaviours of Sharing Bicycles in the Central Urban Area Based on Geographically Weighted Regression: The Case of Guangzhou,China

Mobile information and communication technologies(MICTs) have fully penetrated everyday life in smart societies;this has greatly compressed time, space, and distance, and consequently, reshaped residents’ travel behaviour patterns. As a new mode of shared mobility, the sharing bicycle offers a variety of options for the daily travel of urban residents. Extant studies have mainly examined the travel characteristics and influencing factors of public bicycles with piles, while the travel patterns for sharing bicycles and their driving mechanisms have been largely ignored. Using one week’s travel data for Mobike, this study investigated the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of sharing bicycle travel behaviours in the central urban area of Guangzhou, China;furthermore, it identified the influences of built environment density factors on sharing bicycle travel behaviours based on the geographically weighted regression method. Obvious morning and evening peaks were observed in the sharing bicycle travel patterns for both weekdays and weekends. The old urban area, which had a high degree of mixed function, dense road networks, and cycling-friendly built environments, was the main travel area that attracted sharing bicycles on both weekdays and weekends. Furthermore, factors including the point of interest(POI) for the density of public transport stations, the functional mixing degree, and the density of residential POIs significantly affected residents’ travel behaviours. These findings could enrich discourse regarding shared mobility with a Chinese case characterised by rapidly developing MICTs and also provide references to local authorities for improving slow traffic environments.     

Perturbed solution of sea-air oscillator for the El Niño/La Niña-Southern Oscillation mechanism

A class of coupled system of the El Niño/La Niña-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) mechanism is studied. Using the perturbed theory, the asymptotic expansions of the solution for ENSO model are obtained and the asymptotic behavior of solution for corresponding problem is considered.     

Differential gene expression in oyster exposed to sewage

In order to investigate the influence of domestic sewage on the gene expression of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method was employed. Oysters were sampled at a farming area and, after 10 days of acclimation in the laboratory, were exposed to untreated domestic sewage diluted 33% for 48 h. Gills of male oysters were excised for total RNA extraction. mRNA was purified and the differential gene expression was analyzed by SSH. We obtained 61 cDNA sequences but only 15 were identified, which includes fatty acid binding protein, multidrug resistance protein, omega glutathione S-transferase, cytochrome P450 isoform CYP356A1, among others. The identified genes are associated with different metabolic functions like biotransformation, membrane transport, aerobic metabolism and translational machinery, evidencing the potential toxic effects elicited by these effluents.