对Munsell空间明度与亮度因数关系式的改进

采用神经网络的函数逼近功能对Munsell新标系统中表示色样知觉色的明度值V与亮度因数Y之间的函数关系式进行了修正,消除了原关系式中V=9.91与 Y=100%相对应、而 V=10 却与Y=102.57%相对应的弊端,从而满足V=10和Y=100%都对应于理想白的条件.     

塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷下白垩统层序结构特征及控制因素分析

摘要:应用层序地层学原理对塔南凹陷下白垩统地层进行了划分和对比,建立了等时的层序地层格架,分析了不同级别层序界面的特征。对层序结构特征的研究表明,不同沉积期的层序类型、沉积体系的空间展布和配置关系有明显区别。SQ1层序为初始裂谷期湖泊层序,发育冲积扇、滨浅湖等沉积组合; SQ2层序为裂谷高峰早期湖泊层序,发育冲积扇、扇三角洲、滨浅湖等沉积组合;SQ3层序为裂谷高峰中晚期湖泊层序,发育扇三角洲、湖底扇、浅湖、深湖等沉积组合;SQ4层序为裂谷后期过渡层序,发育半深湖一深湖,大型长轴三角洲、滨浅湖、等沉积组合。不同层序发育期各层序的结构特征决定着特定沉积相带的展布,沉积体系域的沉积相构成也有变化。     

四川犍为晚侏罗世一新的肉食龙类

记述了四川盆地西南部晚侏罗世上沙溪庙组顶部的中国盗龙型肉食龙类化石材料,并依此建立一新属新种——犍为乐山龙 (Leshansaurus qianweiensis gen. et sp. nov.)。它以上枕骨中嵴呈尖峰状,额骨最大长度与最大宽度之比约2.86,基蝶骨之基翼骨突细长,环椎间椎体马蹄形,背椎横突相当细长,背椎和荐椎神经棘非常薄,荐椎椎体具有明显的腹嵴,肠骨内侧髋臼缘存在一明显的嵴等特征区别于其他肉食龙类。犍为乐山龙是目前所知四川盆地产出层位最高的肉食龙材料,它的发现扩大了肉食龙类的时代分布和地理分布,对探讨肉食龙的演化具有比较重要的意义。     

新疆巴楚地区金伯利质角砾橄榄岩物质组成及含矿性研究

本文讨论出露于新疆巴楚瓦吉里塔格地区的一种角砾状超镁铁岩,其结构、成分复杂,由超镁铁岩包体、斑晶（或捕晶）及基质三部分构成。超镁铁岩包体常见单辉辉石岩、纯橄岩,其次有少量橄榄辉石岩。研究表明均属基性岩浆结晶岩,本次研究未见幔源橄榄岩包体;斑晶主要为橄榄石,次为金云母,基质由微晶（10~40μm）单斜辉石、钙铁榴石、钙钛矿、磁铁矿（或含钛磁铁矿）、蛇纹石、碳酸盐及金属硫化物等组成;捕晶包括单斜辉石、褐色角闪石、磷灰石、含钛磁铁矿等。多种地球化学判别图均指示其属金伯利岩类,但低MgO和低Mg#比值、高TFe2O3和CaO等区别于世界典型金伯利岩。与典型金伯利岩有相似之处,该类岩石均具有向右陡倾的REE配分型式,但（La/Yb）n比值略偏低;微量元素蛛网图也与典型金伯利岩基本一致,仅显示更加富集不相容元素,具有更显著K, Ti负异常,且部分样品出现Rb, Zr, P负异常,指示其源区地幔交代程度偏低。鉴于岩石的产状、结构构造、矿物组合和地球化学性质近似于金伯利岩,但缺少高铬铬铁矿、镁铝榴石、镁钛铁矿等金伯利岩指示矿物,故不属典型的金伯利岩,可称之为金伯利质角砾橄榄岩。就少量研究样品所示信息,该类岩石不具有寻找金刚石的潜在远景,但鉴于巴楚及邻区尚有许多角砾状超镁铁岩岩墙和岩脉出露,该区金刚石成矿条件有待更进一步的研究。     

Early Mesozoic unroofing pattern of the Dabie Mountains (China): Constraints from the U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology and Si-in-white mica analysis of synorogenic sediments in the Jianghan Basin

This paper presents the results of an integrated U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology and Si-in-white mica analysis for synorogenic sediments in the Jianghan Basin to the south of the Dabie Orogen. The results provide an improved understanding of the provenance of these sediments and the unroofing pattern of the early Mesozoic Dabie Mountain. Si contents of detrital white micas range from 3.09 to 3.34 atoms pfu for the upper Triassic sandstones whereas 3.06 to 3.59 atoms pfu for the lower and middle Jurassic sandstones. The majority of detrital white micas in the lower Jurassic sandstones is phengitic and originated exclusively from the Dabie high- to ultrahigh- pressure rocks. The U-Pb dating results of the detrital zircons for seven samples suggest that these synorogenic sediments have a significant change of provenance from late Triassic to early and middle Jurassic. For the upper Triassic sandstone, the U-Pb age clusters of these zircons are characterized by ~ 420-450 Ma, ~ 750-820 Ma, ~ 1050-1200 Ma and ~ 2500 Ma with minor Luliangian (~ 1700–2000 Ma) components. In contrast, the zircon ages of the Jurassic sandstones are dominated by the Luliangian (~ 1700–2000 Ma) ages with only minor Caledonian (~ 420-450 Ma) and Greenville (~ 1050-1200 Ma) ages. In combination with other available geological data, it can be concluded that the Dabie HP-UHP rocks might initially be exposed to the surface at the beginning of early Jurassic (~ 190 Ma). The Jiangnan terrain (also named “Jiangnan old continental in Chinese) to the south of the Jianghan basin provided the predominant supply of upper Triassic sediments, whereas the Paleoproterozoic Yangtze crustal materials (overlying the present Dabie Complex at the time) were the important provenance of the Jurassic sediments in the Jianghan basin.     

粉晶X射线衍射法在岩石学和矿物学研究中的应用

X射线衍射是测定物质结构的主要分析手段,广泛应用于物理学、化学、医药学、金属学、材料学、工程技术学、地质学和矿物学。文章综述了粉晶X射线衍射法在造岩矿物、黏土矿物、岩组学、类质同象和结晶度的测定等领域发挥的重要作用。随着测量技术的发展,粉晶X射线衍射在矿物结晶过程中的研究、矿物表面研究、矿物定量相分析和矿物晶体结构测定方面均有新的应用。     

柴达木盆地东北部新近纪构造旋转及其意义

青藏高原东北缘构造变形的研究是认识高原隆起过程、机制和印度—欧亚板块碰撞远程效应的重要途径。柴达木盆地是印度－欧亚板块碰撞后南北向挤压应力为动力背景的高原东北部内陆盆地,沉积物主要来自于周边山地,完整的保存了新生代以来高原隆升的详细记录。通过柴达木盆地东北部瑙格剖面精细古地磁及构造旋转研究发现,20.1～15.1Ma以及15.1～8.2Ma柴达木盆地分别发生了9.7°±7.4°和6.4°±4.4°的顺时针旋转,约8.2Ma后,柴达木盆地东北部瑙格地区发生了16°±7.5°的逆时针快速旋转。通过分析认为,前两次的顺时针构造旋转事件可能与阿尔金断裂的左旋走滑有关。而约82Ma以来的逆时针旋转事件属于柴达木盆地东北部瑙格地区的局部旋转,可能与温泉断裂的右旋走滑有关,说明青藏高原东北部在昆仑山、阿尔金山和祁连山三条巨型断裂系左旋相对运动的宏观控制下形成的NNW向温泉右旋走滑断裂开始走滑的年代为约8Ma。     

渤海海冰微波散射特性研究

Microwave remote sensing has become the primary means for sea-ice research, and has been supported by a great deal of field experiments and theoretical studies regarding sea-ice microwave scattering. However, these studies have been barely carried in the Bohai Sea. The sea-ice microwave scattering mechanism was first developed for the thin sea ice with slight roughness in the Bohai Sea in the winter of 2012, and included the backscattering coefficients which were measured on the different conditions of three bands(L, C and X), two polarizations(HH and VV), and incident angles of 20° to 60°, using a ground-based scatterometer and the synchronous physical parameters of the sea-ice temperature, density, thickness, salinity, and so on. The theoretical model of the sea-ice electromagnetic scattering is obtained based on these physical parameters. The research regarding the sea-ice microwave scattering mechanism is carried out through two means, which includes the comparison between the field microwave scattering data and the simulation results of the theoretical model, as well as the feature analysis of the four components of the sea-ice electromagnetic scattering. It is revealed that the sea-ice microwave scattering data and the theoretical simulation results vary in the same trend with the incident angles. Also, there is a visible variant in the sensitivity of every component to the different bands.For example, the C and X bands are sensitive to the top surface, the X band is sensitive to the scatterers, and the L and C bands are sensitive to the bottom surface, and so on. It is suggested that the features of the sea-ice surfaces and scatterers can be retrieved by the further research in the future. This experiment can provide an experimental and theoretical foundation for research regarding the sea-ice microwave scattering characteristics in the Bohai Sea.     

GeoCube： 面向大规模分析的多源对地观测时空立方体

随着对地立体观测体系的建立,遥感大数据不断累积。传统基于文件、景/幅式的影像组织方式,时空基准不够统一,集中式存储不利于大规模并行分析。对地观测大数据分析仍缺乏一套统一的数据模型与基础设施理论。近年来,数据立方体的研究为对地观测领域大数据分析基础设施提供了前景。基于统一的分析就绪型多维数据模型和集成对地观测数据分析功能,可构建一个基于数据立方的对地观测大数据分析基础设施。因此,本文提出了一个面向大规模分析的多源对地观测时空立方体,相较于现有的数据立方体方法,强调多源数据的统一组织、基于云计算的立方体处理模式以及基于人工智能优化的立方体计算。研究有助于构建时空大数据分析的新框架,同时建立与商业智能领域的数据立方体关联,为时空大数据建立统一的时空组织模型,支持大范围、长时序的快速大规模对地观测数据分析。本文在性能上与开源数据立方做了对比,结果证明提出的多源对地观测时空立方体在处理性能上具有明显优势。     

基于DSM技术的土地覆盖变化检测研究

随着上海市的经济发展,市区土地覆盖现状发生较大变化,产生了违法违规用地、非法侵占基本农田等问题。本文通过研究DSM(数字表面模型)的数据价值和高效处理方法,结合遥感影像、行业专题数据等多种资源,针对上海市土地覆盖变化的实际需求,运用GPU等新技术,实现DSM实时差分和快速矢量化的相关算法,并对疑似违法图斑进行了快速甄别,为上海开展地理市情监测和智慧城市建设提供了有力的技术支撑。