一种计算斜坡处海流的诊断模式

本文提出一种考虑底斜效应,适合斜坡处海流诊断计算的模式,并且分别计算了日本以南黑潮区部分测线和对马暖流流源区的流速。其结果与实测符合较好。     

Effects of sediment organic matter quality on bioaccumulation, degradation, and distribution of pyrene in two macrofaunal species and their surrounding sediment

Sediment dwelling macrofauna (infauna) are important vectors for the transfer of sediment-associated contaminants to higher trophic levels. Sedimenting organic matter constitutes an important food source for all benthic organisms and changes seasonally in terms of quantity and quality. Sediment organic matter (SOM) quality affects organism activity and feeding behaviour, and is therefore also likely to affect contaminant fate in benthic systems. We investigated the impact of SOM quality (enrichment with either labile Tetraselmis sp. or refractory lignin) on the accumulation and metabolism of sediment-associated pyrene in Nereis diversicolor (Annelida) and Amphiura filiformis (Echinodermata), as well as the combined effect of SOM quality and infaunal bioturbation on pyrene distribution and metabolism in the sediment. After 45 d of exposure, SOM quality almost doubled pyrene bioaccumulation in both species, while pyrene metabolism remained unaffected. Metabolites comprised approximately 80% of the total tissue pyrene in N. diversicolor and approximately 40% in A. filiformis. A. filiformis arms contained one fifth of the disk pyrene concentration. Approximately 20% of the pyrene found in A. filiformis arms was found to be covalently bound to, e.g. DNA, RNA or proteins, thus reducing pyrene bioavailability to arm-cropping predators. The sedimentary pyrene distribution and metabolism was species-dependent, but correlated poorly with prevailing knowledge on species-specific bioturbation patterns. This was attributed to the comparably high biodegradability of the contaminant thus altering its sorptive characteristics and function as inert tracer. Subduction of pyrene and metabolites occurred, and the fraction of pyrene covalently bound to SOM increased with depth, thereby removing pyrene from the bioavailable pool. Our results imply that bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of sediment-associated PAH should increase following fresh organic matter input, e.g. after sedimentation of phytoplankton blooms. We stress the importance of considering behavioural characteristics of infauna and the trophic situation of the system when assessing fate and effects of sediment-associated contaminants.     

淹没海滩护底混凝土联锁排稳定厚度公式研究

在介绍荷兰公式、水利部规范公式及半理论半经验公式的基础上,研究各公式的工作状态和失稳机理,同时对半理论半经验公式进行了合理简化。研究结果表明,三个公式的工作状态并不相同,对于常年淹没且处于破波水深范围内的海滩护底一类工程,半理论半经验公式较为合适;对于非淹没的斜坡护坡,荷兰或水利部公式较为适用。研究同时表明,当模数k位于0.88至1.00范围时,半理论半经验公式中理论系数β可以取最大值0.298,由此得到波浪作用下海滩护底工程混凝土联锁排稳定厚度的简化计算公式,与原公式相比,计算结果相近而且偏于安全。     

锦江流域暴雨洪水气候特征分析

对1976－1995年的111次暴雨过程及1957－1996年的112次特征水位洪水进行了统计分析，结果表明；锦江流域的洪水多为暴雨所致，洪水越大，与暴雨的同步性越好，反映了锦江具有山区雨源性河流的特点。     

雷电灾害及预防

雷电是一种大气中放电的现象，虽然放电作用时间短，但产生数万伏至数十万伏冲击电压，放电电流可达几十到几十万安培，电弧温度也可达几千度以上，对建筑群中高耸的建筑物及尖形物、空旷区内孤立物体以及特别潮湿的建筑物、屋顶内金属结构的建筑物及露天放置的金属设备等有     

江西省某钽铌钨锡矿山主要地质灾害及防治措施

江西省某钽铌钨锡矿是20世纪90年代探明的特大型有色、稀有金属综合矿床，为变资源优势为经济优势，2001-2003年投资数百万元对矿床进行了储量复查、论证，认定资源可靠，矿山建设时机成熟。     

浅析生态伦理学在自然资源代际管理中的应用

弘扬生态伦理学已成为世界性潮流，其核心观点是尊重生命和自然界。本文以此为据探讨了自然资源代际管理中应遵循的生态伦理准则     

周至深井地下流体数字化观测技术改造及应用

介绍了周至深井数字化观测技术改造的方案设计及工程实施情况，通过对考核运行结果的具体分析，对该井地下流体的观测铲能进行了客观评价，并提出今后地下流体数字化技术改造的几点建议。     

变电站地震可恢复性研究

提出变电站地震可恢复性等级划分方法,设立评价变电站地震可恢复性的量化指标——可恢复性指数,给出基于建筑物和高压电气设备的权重系数与震害指数的变电站可恢复性指数计算公式,确定可恢复性指数与可恢复性等级对应关系,通过变电站实际震害与恢复样本研究建立变电站可恢复性矩阵。研究结果表明:随着可恢复性指数降低,变电站可恢复性越来越差,当可恢复性指数低于0.45时,变电站达到极难恢复的阈值;变电站所处的地震烈度越高时,变电站可恢复性就越低,恢复时间也越长。在9度区,变电站可恢复性指数开始快速降低,多数变电站为可恢复和难恢复,烈度为10度及以上地区,变电站极难恢复。