A toxicity identification evaluation of silty marine harbor sediments to characterize persistent and non-persistent constituents

Sediment toxicity in silty marine harbor sediments is frequently dominated by ammonia or sulfide, leaving the adverse effects of persistent toxic substances unnoticed. To investigate the latter, we subjected interstitial water from three contaminated silty sediments to toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) phase I manipulations and tested for toxicity with four bioassays: the amphipod Corophium volutator (survival as an endpoint), the sea urchin Psammechinus miliaris (fertilization, embryo development) and the bacterium Vibrio fischeri (bioluminescence inhibition).The graduated pH manipulations identified the prominent toxicity of ammonia in the amphipod and sea urchin embryo tests, and also sulfide toxicity in the bacterium test. In two of the three samples tested with the amphipods, sea urchin embryos and bacteria, a small but significant reduction in interstitial water toxicity was achieved by removing persistent compounds through C(18) solid phase extraction. EDTA chelation resulted in a slight detoxification of the interstitial water for the amphipods and sea urchin embryos, but this was not related to any measured trace metals. Despite the presence of toxic levels of ammonia and sulfide in the harbor sediments, we established the adverse biological effects of persistent constituents by means of the TIE manipulations and in vivo interstitial water bioassays.     

湘中寒婆坳矿区测水组无烟煤—煤系石墨变质温度研究

煤系石墨是由煤经构造—岩浆事件改造而成的煤系共伴生矿产资源.为探究无烟煤—煤系石墨的变质温度,以湖南新化寒婆坳矿区无烟煤—煤系石墨及其顶底板岩石、夹矸为研究对象,采用变质矿物组合特征、镜质体反射率地质温度计和拉曼光谱地质温度计等手段进行研究.结果 表明:大规模岩浆侵入初期,煤层及其顶底板受热温度较高,但持续时间短,而煤石墨化过程和围岩变质过程相对缓慢,最终,煤系石墨及其围岩与周围环境的热力学平衡温度相对较低.多手段综合确定寒婆坳矿区无烟煤的变质温度为220～250℃,变质无烟煤的变质温度为330～370℃,煤系半石墨的变质温度为390～450℃,石巷里矿煤系石墨变质温度为500～550℃.寒婆坳矿区无烟煤—煤系石墨变质系列整体上处于中低温变质作用阶段.研究结果可为煤系石墨勘探靶区圈定提供科学指导.     

摩天岭地区古山体垮塌作用与铀成矿关系

在摩天岭地区,铀矿床产出在断陷带和岩体边缘的舌形凹陷带。这些地带为现代剥蚀物的堆积区,与现代地形汇水区关系密切。大量资料表明,成矿流体原始水为大气降水,赋矿构造为帚状构造。这些特征表明,古山体垮塌是造成铀成矿的主要原因,古垮塌体形成成矿前的含水体,为成矿流体提供原始水。本文阐述了摩天岭地区山体垮塌的几种类型,帚状构造的形成以及与铀成矿的关系。     

云南麻栗坡洒西丫口白钨矿成矿规律

晚志留世和白垩纪岩浆活动为成矿提供热源,碳酸盐岩为成矿提供化学反应场所、溶矿空间。圈出的3条白钨矿体以简单似层状沿Pt3s/Pt3n间构造面理(韧性剪切断裂带)产出,受Pt3s底部的层状矽卡岩(钙硅酸盐岩)控制。进一步工作,可望在接触带两侧找到理想白钨矿床。